Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van Yüzü...Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van YüzüncüYıl University,Van,Turkey)Abstract:Quality assurance practices performed before treatment are believed to identify various potential errors.In this study,2-dimensional(2D)dosimetric results were analyzed by making some intentional mistakes in six different treatment plans.In this way,the detectability of errors was investigated.In all segments of all treatment plans,one of the multileaf collimators was kept fixed at different positions on the central axis.In addition to multileaf collimators error,gantry error was also examined in the study.The dose distribution results obtained by Treatment Planning System(TPS)were compared with those obtained by the 2D array device,both as local calculation and global calculation methods,using the gamma analysis method.When the results are examined in the case where the Multi-leaf collimators(MLC)is fixed at the 1 cm position.展开更多
一、错误的含义错误在语言学里的含义是“违反或偏离规则”。它的英语对应词是 error 或 mistake。这两个英语词通常被看成同义词,但许多语言学家却把它们加以区别,以便于研究:前者指真正的错误,后者指失误。Error 是语言能力不足的表现...一、错误的含义错误在语言学里的含义是“违反或偏离规则”。它的英语对应词是 error 或 mistake。这两个英语词通常被看成同义词,但许多语言学家却把它们加以区别,以便于研究:前者指真正的错误,后者指失误。Error 是语言能力不足的表现,它反映了学习者不完善的语法规则,带有习惯性和系统性。Mistake 不是语言能力不足的表现,而是在语言表达时偶然出现的疏忽或故障,即一时的口误或笔误。一个学英语的人如果说:“。Iohn live in China.He like Chinese and speak itvery well.”显然。展开更多
Queen Elizabeth signed a royal proclamation of dissolving the Parliament and a three-week general election campaign of Britain officially began on May 18.
我们经常看到英语中由类似特殊疑问句与一般疑问句组成的一种问句,例如:What do you think we should do next?What did he say he liked for lunch?“But,”said D’Artagran,“did you not ask Godess to send me some wine?”“No,we...我们经常看到英语中由类似特殊疑问句与一般疑问句组成的一种问句,例如:What do you think we should do next?What did he say he liked for lunch?“But,”said D’Artagran,“did you not ask Godess to send me some wine?”“No,we did not and why do you think we did?”展开更多
文摘Evaluation of Gamma Index Analysis for Detecting Errors in Patient-specific Quality Assurance in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Taylan Tugrul1(1.Department of Radiation Oncology,Medicine Faculty of Van YüzüncüYıl University,Van,Turkey)Abstract:Quality assurance practices performed before treatment are believed to identify various potential errors.In this study,2-dimensional(2D)dosimetric results were analyzed by making some intentional mistakes in six different treatment plans.In this way,the detectability of errors was investigated.In all segments of all treatment plans,one of the multileaf collimators was kept fixed at different positions on the central axis.In addition to multileaf collimators error,gantry error was also examined in the study.The dose distribution results obtained by Treatment Planning System(TPS)were compared with those obtained by the 2D array device,both as local calculation and global calculation methods,using the gamma analysis method.When the results are examined in the case where the Multi-leaf collimators(MLC)is fixed at the 1 cm position.
文摘一、错误的含义错误在语言学里的含义是“违反或偏离规则”。它的英语对应词是 error 或 mistake。这两个英语词通常被看成同义词,但许多语言学家却把它们加以区别,以便于研究:前者指真正的错误,后者指失误。Error 是语言能力不足的表现,它反映了学习者不完善的语法规则,带有习惯性和系统性。Mistake 不是语言能力不足的表现,而是在语言表达时偶然出现的疏忽或故障,即一时的口误或笔误。一个学英语的人如果说:“。Iohn live in China.He like Chinese and speak itvery well.”显然。
文摘Queen Elizabeth signed a royal proclamation of dissolving the Parliament and a three-week general election campaign of Britain officially began on May 18.
文摘我们经常看到英语中由类似特殊疑问句与一般疑问句组成的一种问句,例如:What do you think we should do next?What did he say he liked for lunch?“But,”said D’Artagran,“did you not ask Godess to send me some wine?”“No,we did not and why do you think we did?”
