Pedestrian positioning system(PPS)using wearable inertial sensors has wide applications towards various emerging fields such as smart healthcare,emergency rescue,soldier positioning,etc.The performance of traditional ...Pedestrian positioning system(PPS)using wearable inertial sensors has wide applications towards various emerging fields such as smart healthcare,emergency rescue,soldier positioning,etc.The performance of traditional PPS is limited by the cumulative error of inertial sensors,complex motion modes of pedestrians,and the low robustness of the multi-sensor collaboration structure.This paper presents a hybrid pedestrian positioning system using the combination of wearable inertial sensors and ultrasonic ranging(H-PPS).A robust two nodes integration structure is developed to adaptively combine the motion data acquired from the single waist-mounted and foot-mounted node,and enhanced by a novel ellipsoid constraint model.In addition,a deep-learning-based walking speed estimator is proposed by considering all the motion features provided by different nodes,which effectively reduces the cumulative error originating from inertial sensors.Finally,a comprehensive data and model dual-driven model is presented to effectively combine the motion data provided by different sensor nodes and walking speed estimator,and multi-level constraints are extracted to further improve the performance of the overall system.Experimental results indicate that the proposed H-PPS significantly improves the performance of the single PPS and outperforms existing algorithms in accuracy index under complex indoor scenarios.展开更多
In practical applications,noble metal doping is often used to prepare high performance gas sensors,but more noble metal doping will lead to higher preparation costs.In this study,CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd with low palladium cont...In practical applications,noble metal doping is often used to prepare high performance gas sensors,but more noble metal doping will lead to higher preparation costs.In this study,CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd with low palladium content was prepared by ultrasonic method with fast response and high selectivity for acetone sensing.With the same amount of palladium added,the selectivity coefficient of CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd is 1.88 times higher than that of the stirred sensor.Compared with the pure PdO-doped CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO material,the content of Pd in CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO is about 30%of that in CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO,but the selectivity coefficient for acetone is 2.56 times higher.The CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd sensor has a higher response(22.54)to 50×10^(−6) acetone at 300℃and the selectivity coefficient is 2.57 times that of the CeO_(2)/ZnO sensor.The sensor has a sub-second response time(0.6 s)and still has a 2.36 response to 330×10^(−9) of acetone.Ultrasonic doping makes Pd particles smaller and increases the contact area with gas.Meanwhile,the composition of n-p-n heterojunction and the synergistic effect of Pd/PdO improve the sensor performance.It shows that ultrasonic Pd doping provides a way to improve the utilization rate of doped metals and prepare highly selective gas sensors.展开更多
传统压电陶瓷超声传感器与电缆表面之间存在声学界面不匹配问题,而柔性压电超声传感器能够克服这一缺点、实现电缆局部放电超声信号的检测。然而持续提高柔性压电超声传感器的灵敏度,进一步降低其对超声信号的检出极限,是其走向实际应...传统压电陶瓷超声传感器与电缆表面之间存在声学界面不匹配问题,而柔性压电超声传感器能够克服这一缺点、实现电缆局部放电超声信号的检测。然而持续提高柔性压电超声传感器的灵敏度,进一步降低其对超声信号的检出极限,是其走向实际应用的关键。为实现这一目标,该文从柔性压电超声传感器的核心敏感材料(压电薄膜)的优化设计出发,研究了厚度对Pb(Zr_(0.52),Ti_(0.48))O_(3)(PZT)压电薄膜材料综合性能及其所制备的传感器灵敏度的影响。研究发现,受界面死层的影响,厚度约为1.2μm的PZT压电薄膜相较于厚度约为0.8μm、1.0μm和1.6μm的薄膜具有更大比例的(100)晶粒择优取向和更高的剩余极化,表现出最高的压电系数,更具备应用潜力。利用该厚度的PZT压电薄膜制备了柔性压电超声传感器,并用其检测在110 k V真型电缆上传播的由自动笔铅芯断裂产生的超声信号,计算得到该超声信号在交联聚乙烯绝缘层中的衰减系数为3.74 dB/m。该研究提供了一种利用压电薄膜厚度优化柔性压电超声传感器灵敏度的方法,为进一步推进柔性压电超声传感器在电缆等电力设备领域的应用提供了实验和理论基础。展开更多
为了解决传统室内定位技术成本较高、稳定性差以及难于部署等问题,提出一种将到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)与到达角(angle of arrival,AOA)相结合的室内定位系统.该系统由定位基站与被控定位单元组成,其特征在于使用对射式布置的超声...为了解决传统室内定位技术成本较高、稳定性差以及难于部署等问题,提出一种将到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)与到达角(angle of arrival,AOA)相结合的室内定位系统.该系统由定位基站与被控定位单元组成,其特征在于使用对射式布置的超声波传感器获取定位基站与被控定位单元之间的距离特征,利用角度传感器获取被控定位单元相对于定位基站的角度特征,以单基站就实现了精确的室内定位过程.分析了该系统基本结构与原理,建立定位与控制模型,在一定范围内对其定点定位精度与跟随定位精度进行了实验验证.实验结果表明:该系统结构简单,易于安装布置,鲁棒性强,在测试范围内的最大定点定位误差不超过5 cm,跟随定位误差不超过15 cm.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant No.52175531)in part by the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission under Grant(Grant Nos.KJQN202000605 and KJZD-M202000602)。
文摘Pedestrian positioning system(PPS)using wearable inertial sensors has wide applications towards various emerging fields such as smart healthcare,emergency rescue,soldier positioning,etc.The performance of traditional PPS is limited by the cumulative error of inertial sensors,complex motion modes of pedestrians,and the low robustness of the multi-sensor collaboration structure.This paper presents a hybrid pedestrian positioning system using the combination of wearable inertial sensors and ultrasonic ranging(H-PPS).A robust two nodes integration structure is developed to adaptively combine the motion data acquired from the single waist-mounted and foot-mounted node,and enhanced by a novel ellipsoid constraint model.In addition,a deep-learning-based walking speed estimator is proposed by considering all the motion features provided by different nodes,which effectively reduces the cumulative error originating from inertial sensors.Finally,a comprehensive data and model dual-driven model is presented to effectively combine the motion data provided by different sensor nodes and walking speed estimator,and multi-level constraints are extracted to further improve the performance of the overall system.Experimental results indicate that the proposed H-PPS significantly improves the performance of the single PPS and outperforms existing algorithms in accuracy index under complex indoor scenarios.
基金Project(2023JJ10005)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProjects(51772082,51804106)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘In practical applications,noble metal doping is often used to prepare high performance gas sensors,but more noble metal doping will lead to higher preparation costs.In this study,CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd with low palladium content was prepared by ultrasonic method with fast response and high selectivity for acetone sensing.With the same amount of palladium added,the selectivity coefficient of CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd is 1.88 times higher than that of the stirred sensor.Compared with the pure PdO-doped CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO material,the content of Pd in CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO is about 30%of that in CeO_(2)/ZnO-PdO,but the selectivity coefficient for acetone is 2.56 times higher.The CeO_(2)/ZnO-Pd sensor has a higher response(22.54)to 50×10^(−6) acetone at 300℃and the selectivity coefficient is 2.57 times that of the CeO_(2)/ZnO sensor.The sensor has a sub-second response time(0.6 s)and still has a 2.36 response to 330×10^(−9) of acetone.Ultrasonic doping makes Pd particles smaller and increases the contact area with gas.Meanwhile,the composition of n-p-n heterojunction and the synergistic effect of Pd/PdO improve the sensor performance.It shows that ultrasonic Pd doping provides a way to improve the utilization rate of doped metals and prepare highly selective gas sensors.
文摘传统压电陶瓷超声传感器与电缆表面之间存在声学界面不匹配问题,而柔性压电超声传感器能够克服这一缺点、实现电缆局部放电超声信号的检测。然而持续提高柔性压电超声传感器的灵敏度,进一步降低其对超声信号的检出极限,是其走向实际应用的关键。为实现这一目标,该文从柔性压电超声传感器的核心敏感材料(压电薄膜)的优化设计出发,研究了厚度对Pb(Zr_(0.52),Ti_(0.48))O_(3)(PZT)压电薄膜材料综合性能及其所制备的传感器灵敏度的影响。研究发现,受界面死层的影响,厚度约为1.2μm的PZT压电薄膜相较于厚度约为0.8μm、1.0μm和1.6μm的薄膜具有更大比例的(100)晶粒择优取向和更高的剩余极化,表现出最高的压电系数,更具备应用潜力。利用该厚度的PZT压电薄膜制备了柔性压电超声传感器,并用其检测在110 k V真型电缆上传播的由自动笔铅芯断裂产生的超声信号,计算得到该超声信号在交联聚乙烯绝缘层中的衰减系数为3.74 dB/m。该研究提供了一种利用压电薄膜厚度优化柔性压电超声传感器灵敏度的方法,为进一步推进柔性压电超声传感器在电缆等电力设备领域的应用提供了实验和理论基础。
文摘为了解决传统室内定位技术成本较高、稳定性差以及难于部署等问题,提出一种将到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)与到达角(angle of arrival,AOA)相结合的室内定位系统.该系统由定位基站与被控定位单元组成,其特征在于使用对射式布置的超声波传感器获取定位基站与被控定位单元之间的距离特征,利用角度传感器获取被控定位单元相对于定位基站的角度特征,以单基站就实现了精确的室内定位过程.分析了该系统基本结构与原理,建立定位与控制模型,在一定范围内对其定点定位精度与跟随定位精度进行了实验验证.实验结果表明:该系统结构简单,易于安装布置,鲁棒性强,在测试范围内的最大定点定位误差不超过5 cm,跟随定位误差不超过15 cm.
