This study used non-invasive evaluation methods measured six skin physiological parameters of the lower lip in 180 subjects,including moisture content,transepidermal water loss(TEWL),smoothness(SESM),scaliness of the ...This study used non-invasive evaluation methods measured six skin physiological parameters of the lower lip in 180 subjects,including moisture content,transepidermal water loss(TEWL),smoothness(SESM),scaliness of the skin(SESC),wrinkles(SEW),and red area of the lip skin,and compared the effects of 6 groups of lip balms(no-additive group,marine oligosaccharides group,ceramides group,glycyrrhizinic acid group,allantoin group,and mixed group;30 each)on the skin physiological parameters of dry,flaking,and cracked lip subjects.The results showed that the lip mositure content of the subjects in the marine oligosaccharide group,glycyrrhetinic acid group,and allantoin group increased significantly by 44.40%,42.84%and 58.08%after 7 days of lip balm(P<0.05).The TEWL in the ceramide group and the allantoin group was significantly reduced by 21.83%and 24.72%,respectively,after 7 days of lip paste use(P<0.05).The lip skin smoothness values of subjects in the glycyrrhizic acid group and the allantoin group were significantly reduced by 18.76%and 14.97%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).The lip skin scaling indices of subjects in the marine oligosaccharide group,the ceramides group,and the allantoin group were significantly reduced by 33.77%,42.69%,and 38.07%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).The wrinkle parameters of the lip skin of the subjects in the marine oligosaccharide,glycyrrhizinic acid and allantoin groups were significantly reduced by 23.06%,23.29%and 25.98%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).And the area of the red zone of the lip skin of the subjects in the allantoin group was significantly reduced by 4.27%,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).Combining the effects of the four active ingredients on the secretion of hyaluronic acid(moisturizing effect)and inflammatory factor(IL-6)in HSF cells,it suggests that marine oligosaccharides and allantoin have a perfect impact on enhancing the water content of the skin on the lips of the subjects,and further improve the symptoms of flaking and wrinkles on the lips of the subjects.The ceramide and allantoin can repair the skin barrier well and have a good effect on the chapped and flaky lips of the subjects.After 28 days of using lip balm,the water content of lips in the mixed group increased,the skin barrier was repaired and became smoother,and the wrinkles,scale index,and red zone value were reduced,which could well relieve chronic lip inflammation and lay a foundation for developing lip products for the treatment of chronic cheilitis.展开更多
An environment friendly bio-surfactant of rhamnolipid(RL) was used as a solvent. The enzymatic reaction of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase and lignin peroxidase(lip) was evaluated. The optimum conditions of enzymatic r...An environment friendly bio-surfactant of rhamnolipid(RL) was used as a solvent. The enzymatic reaction of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase and lignin peroxidase(lip) was evaluated. The optimum conditions of enzymatic reaction catalyzed by lipase(lip) were water to amphiphile molar ratio of 30(20), RL of 60(60) critical micelle concentration(CMC), pH of 7.0(3.0) and temperature of 40(30) °C, respectively. The change of enzyme conformation indicates that, for catalytic of lipase, water content is the most important factor of the enzymatic reaction of oleic acid, and p H for lip. With individual optimum conditions, the enzymatic efficiency of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase is higher than that by lip. In the presence of ethanol, the enzymatic reaction of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase suits Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism. As an alternative to chemical reversed micelles, the RL reversed micelles are promising methods to enzymatic reaction of oleic acid.展开更多
LIPS-300离子推力器为兰州空间技术物理研究所自主研制的双模式离子推力器。推力器在轨运行寿命是决定其是否能够满足未来航天使命需求的关键因素之一。根据未来航天任务对LIPS-300离子推力器系统寿命的要求,即采用LIPS-300离子推力器...LIPS-300离子推力器为兰州空间技术物理研究所自主研制的双模式离子推力器。推力器在轨运行寿命是决定其是否能够满足未来航天使命需求的关键因素之一。根据未来航天任务对LIPS-300离子推力器系统寿命的要求,即采用LIPS-300离子推力器完成所有在轨任务所需要的时间为10 098 h。因此,为了准确预测LIPS-300离子推力器运行过程中其关键部组件单点失效的栅极组件寿命,文中建立了LIPS-300离子推力器栅极组件寿命模型,利用数值仿真计算的方法(PIC/MCC)预测了推力器分别单独工作在210 m N和80 m N时栅极发生失效所对应的寿命,并分析了关键失效模式,同时计算了推力器在大推力210 m N模式下工作6 000 h后,继续在小推力模式80 m N工况下栅极对应的寿命和关键失效模式。另外,分析了不同工况下LIPS-300离子推力器栅极寿命是否满足未来航天使命的寿命需求,即安全裕度。数值结果显示,LIPS-300离子推力器分别单独工作在210 m N和80 m N时,其栅极工作寿命分别为16 064.3、26 633.2 h,安全裕度分别为1.3、2.2,两种情况对应的关键失效失效模式均为电子反流失效;LIPS-300离子推力器在210 m N大推力模式下工作6 000 h后,继续在小推力80 m N下工作,此时对应的寿命约为22 064.3 h,安全裕度为1.8,关键失效模式为电子反流失效;推力器单独工作在210 m N和80 m N及双模式下工作时的安全裕度分别为1.6、2.6和2.2。展开更多
文摘This study used non-invasive evaluation methods measured six skin physiological parameters of the lower lip in 180 subjects,including moisture content,transepidermal water loss(TEWL),smoothness(SESM),scaliness of the skin(SESC),wrinkles(SEW),and red area of the lip skin,and compared the effects of 6 groups of lip balms(no-additive group,marine oligosaccharides group,ceramides group,glycyrrhizinic acid group,allantoin group,and mixed group;30 each)on the skin physiological parameters of dry,flaking,and cracked lip subjects.The results showed that the lip mositure content of the subjects in the marine oligosaccharide group,glycyrrhetinic acid group,and allantoin group increased significantly by 44.40%,42.84%and 58.08%after 7 days of lip balm(P<0.05).The TEWL in the ceramide group and the allantoin group was significantly reduced by 21.83%and 24.72%,respectively,after 7 days of lip paste use(P<0.05).The lip skin smoothness values of subjects in the glycyrrhizic acid group and the allantoin group were significantly reduced by 18.76%and 14.97%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).The lip skin scaling indices of subjects in the marine oligosaccharide group,the ceramides group,and the allantoin group were significantly reduced by 33.77%,42.69%,and 38.07%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).The wrinkle parameters of the lip skin of the subjects in the marine oligosaccharide,glycyrrhizinic acid and allantoin groups were significantly reduced by 23.06%,23.29%and 25.98%,respectively,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).And the area of the red zone of the lip skin of the subjects in the allantoin group was significantly reduced by 4.27%,after 28 days of lip balm application(P<0.05).Combining the effects of the four active ingredients on the secretion of hyaluronic acid(moisturizing effect)and inflammatory factor(IL-6)in HSF cells,it suggests that marine oligosaccharides and allantoin have a perfect impact on enhancing the water content of the skin on the lips of the subjects,and further improve the symptoms of flaking and wrinkles on the lips of the subjects.The ceramide and allantoin can repair the skin barrier well and have a good effect on the chapped and flaky lips of the subjects.After 28 days of using lip balm,the water content of lips in the mixed group increased,the skin barrier was repaired and became smoother,and the wrinkles,scale index,and red zone value were reduced,which could well relieve chronic lip inflammation and lay a foundation for developing lip products for the treatment of chronic cheilitis.
基金Projects(50978087,51009063,50978088)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘An environment friendly bio-surfactant of rhamnolipid(RL) was used as a solvent. The enzymatic reaction of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase and lignin peroxidase(lip) was evaluated. The optimum conditions of enzymatic reaction catalyzed by lipase(lip) were water to amphiphile molar ratio of 30(20), RL of 60(60) critical micelle concentration(CMC), pH of 7.0(3.0) and temperature of 40(30) °C, respectively. The change of enzyme conformation indicates that, for catalytic of lipase, water content is the most important factor of the enzymatic reaction of oleic acid, and p H for lip. With individual optimum conditions, the enzymatic efficiency of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase is higher than that by lip. In the presence of ethanol, the enzymatic reaction of oleic acid catalyzed by lipase suits Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism. As an alternative to chemical reversed micelles, the RL reversed micelles are promising methods to enzymatic reaction of oleic acid.
文摘LIPS-300离子推力器为兰州空间技术物理研究所自主研制的双模式离子推力器。推力器在轨运行寿命是决定其是否能够满足未来航天使命需求的关键因素之一。根据未来航天任务对LIPS-300离子推力器系统寿命的要求,即采用LIPS-300离子推力器完成所有在轨任务所需要的时间为10 098 h。因此,为了准确预测LIPS-300离子推力器运行过程中其关键部组件单点失效的栅极组件寿命,文中建立了LIPS-300离子推力器栅极组件寿命模型,利用数值仿真计算的方法(PIC/MCC)预测了推力器分别单独工作在210 m N和80 m N时栅极发生失效所对应的寿命,并分析了关键失效模式,同时计算了推力器在大推力210 m N模式下工作6 000 h后,继续在小推力模式80 m N工况下栅极对应的寿命和关键失效模式。另外,分析了不同工况下LIPS-300离子推力器栅极寿命是否满足未来航天使命的寿命需求,即安全裕度。数值结果显示,LIPS-300离子推力器分别单独工作在210 m N和80 m N时,其栅极工作寿命分别为16 064.3、26 633.2 h,安全裕度分别为1.3、2.2,两种情况对应的关键失效失效模式均为电子反流失效;LIPS-300离子推力器在210 m N大推力模式下工作6 000 h后,继续在小推力80 m N下工作,此时对应的寿命约为22 064.3 h,安全裕度为1.8,关键失效模式为电子反流失效;推力器单独工作在210 m N和80 m N及双模式下工作时的安全裕度分别为1.6、2.6和2.2。
