【目的】了解天宝岩国家级自然保护区森林演替发展趋势,可以更好地为保护区制定管理政策保护珍稀植物和生物多样性提供科学依据。【方法】借助空间直观景观模型LANDIS Pro 7.0对福建天宝岩国家级自然保护区未来300年(2016—2316年)的森...【目的】了解天宝岩国家级自然保护区森林演替发展趋势,可以更好地为保护区制定管理政策保护珍稀植物和生物多样性提供科学依据。【方法】借助空间直观景观模型LANDIS Pro 7.0对福建天宝岩国家级自然保护区未来300年(2016—2316年)的森林景观演变进行模拟,采用Fragstats 3.3景观格局分析软件对树种面积变化、景观聚集度、分维度、多样性指数进行分析,并对各个树种在模拟时间内的龄级组成进行分析。【结果】在演替时段内,除毛竹林外所有树种斑块分维度均在1.00~1.06之间,表明其景观斑块形状较规则且变化不大。多样性指数呈现先上升后下降趋势,均匀度指数呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且变化速度在逐渐变缓,表明树种逐渐趋于稳定。阔叶林聚集度先增加后保持稳定,其面积则始终保持增长,至演替结束,以成熟林和幼龄林为主;猴头杜鹃林、长苞铁杉林聚集度在整个演替时段内呈增加趋势,其面积在演替中后期有所增加,且以幼龄林的增加为主;杉木林面积在前150年增长,此期间幼龄林比重也在逐渐上升;后150年面积保持稳定,至演替结束,以中龄林和近熟林为主;聚集度虽保持稳定但略有增加;柳杉林聚集度在演替前100年保持稳定而后200年有所降低,至演替后期,整个柳杉林以过熟林为主,中龄林次之;马尾松林在整个演替过程中均以过熟林为主,幼龄林和中龄林比例很低;毛竹林在演替后期以过熟林占据主要地位,其次是成熟林;且马尾松林和毛竹林在演替期间聚集度均呈现降低的趋势。【结论】天宝岩森林景观的演替会依据一定的规律向顶级群落常绿阔叶林演替;马尾松林、柳杉林、毛竹林在群落中随时间的推移会逐渐被取代;杉木林、长苞铁杉林和猴头杜鹃林,在演替时段内表现出良好的发展趋势。展开更多
Knowledge about cumulative effects of forest management alternatives on forest landscape is required to make forest management decision. In this paper,a spatially explicit landscape model,LANDIS,was applied to simulat...Knowledge about cumulative effects of forest management alternatives on forest landscape is required to make forest management decision. In this paper,a spatially explicit landscape model,LANDIS,was applied to simulate forest landscape changes in 200 years under four management alternatives (no cutting,clearcutting,selective cutting I and II) in Youhao Forestry Bureau located in Small Khingan Mountains. APACK was used to calculate distribution area of the representative species and species age cohort for six species. The results showed:1) timber harvest decreased area percentage of representative conifer species,Pinus koraiensis,Picea koraiensis and Picea jezoensis,Larix gmelinii to some extent compared to no cutting. The most influencing cutting mode for the area percentage of Tilia amurensis and Quercus mongolica was selective cutting II,followed by selective cutting I and clearcutting. To the contrast,the change of area percentage of Betula phatyphylla was contrary to the management alternatives; 2) As to species age cohort composition,timber harvest significantly changed age structure,that is,it decreased over-matured age cohort of representative species,and increased seedling and middle-age cohort (B. phatyphylla was not included,because its area percentage of over-mature age cohort was the highest under clearcutting than other three scenarios).展开更多
气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LAND...气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LANDIS Pro 7.0与LINKAGES模型,模拟天宝岩国家级自然保护区8个树种在2种不同气候变化情景(RCP4.5和RCP8.5)下未来300年的森林植被演替动态,分析森林景观格局变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:毛竹、马尾松、猴头杜鹃、长苞铁杉以及杉木的潜在面积分布与景观格局指数对气候变化的响应较为显著。在气候变化情景下,各树种的景观分维度均介于1.03—1.08,保护区内各景观斑块相对简单规则。毛竹、猴头杜鹃和杉木聚集度下降趋势明显而斑块密度显著上升,长苞铁杉随演替进行面积逐渐减少而聚集度相对较高且斑块密度剧增,马尾松斑块密度缓慢增加而聚集度先降后升,随气候变化这些树种的景观完整度都遭到了不同程度的破坏,且在RCP8.5气候情景下景观破碎化更严重。而气候变化对阔叶林与柳杉的影响则较小,且阔叶林在演替期间斑块密度下降而聚集度稳中有增,潜在面积分布呈现出良好的发展势头。随气候变化,天宝岩自然保护区森林景观的演替最终将朝着“常绿阔叶林为主、针阔叶混交林为辅”的群落组成演变,保护区森林景观格局对气候变化的响应较为敏感。展开更多
文摘【目的】了解天宝岩国家级自然保护区森林演替发展趋势,可以更好地为保护区制定管理政策保护珍稀植物和生物多样性提供科学依据。【方法】借助空间直观景观模型LANDIS Pro 7.0对福建天宝岩国家级自然保护区未来300年(2016—2316年)的森林景观演变进行模拟,采用Fragstats 3.3景观格局分析软件对树种面积变化、景观聚集度、分维度、多样性指数进行分析,并对各个树种在模拟时间内的龄级组成进行分析。【结果】在演替时段内,除毛竹林外所有树种斑块分维度均在1.00~1.06之间,表明其景观斑块形状较规则且变化不大。多样性指数呈现先上升后下降趋势,均匀度指数呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且变化速度在逐渐变缓,表明树种逐渐趋于稳定。阔叶林聚集度先增加后保持稳定,其面积则始终保持增长,至演替结束,以成熟林和幼龄林为主;猴头杜鹃林、长苞铁杉林聚集度在整个演替时段内呈增加趋势,其面积在演替中后期有所增加,且以幼龄林的增加为主;杉木林面积在前150年增长,此期间幼龄林比重也在逐渐上升;后150年面积保持稳定,至演替结束,以中龄林和近熟林为主;聚集度虽保持稳定但略有增加;柳杉林聚集度在演替前100年保持稳定而后200年有所降低,至演替后期,整个柳杉林以过熟林为主,中龄林次之;马尾松林在整个演替过程中均以过熟林为主,幼龄林和中龄林比例很低;毛竹林在演替后期以过熟林占据主要地位,其次是成熟林;且马尾松林和毛竹林在演替期间聚集度均呈现降低的趋势。【结论】天宝岩森林景观的演替会依据一定的规律向顶级群落常绿阔叶林演替;马尾松林、柳杉林、毛竹林在群落中随时间的推移会逐渐被取代;杉木林、长苞铁杉林和猴头杜鹃林,在演替时段内表现出良好的发展趋势。
文摘Knowledge about cumulative effects of forest management alternatives on forest landscape is required to make forest management decision. In this paper,a spatially explicit landscape model,LANDIS,was applied to simulate forest landscape changes in 200 years under four management alternatives (no cutting,clearcutting,selective cutting I and II) in Youhao Forestry Bureau located in Small Khingan Mountains. APACK was used to calculate distribution area of the representative species and species age cohort for six species. The results showed:1) timber harvest decreased area percentage of representative conifer species,Pinus koraiensis,Picea koraiensis and Picea jezoensis,Larix gmelinii to some extent compared to no cutting. The most influencing cutting mode for the area percentage of Tilia amurensis and Quercus mongolica was selective cutting II,followed by selective cutting I and clearcutting. To the contrast,the change of area percentage of Betula phatyphylla was contrary to the management alternatives; 2) As to species age cohort composition,timber harvest significantly changed age structure,that is,it decreased over-matured age cohort of representative species,and increased seedling and middle-age cohort (B. phatyphylla was not included,because its area percentage of over-mature age cohort was the highest under clearcutting than other three scenarios).
文摘气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LANDIS Pro 7.0与LINKAGES模型,模拟天宝岩国家级自然保护区8个树种在2种不同气候变化情景(RCP4.5和RCP8.5)下未来300年的森林植被演替动态,分析森林景观格局变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:毛竹、马尾松、猴头杜鹃、长苞铁杉以及杉木的潜在面积分布与景观格局指数对气候变化的响应较为显著。在气候变化情景下,各树种的景观分维度均介于1.03—1.08,保护区内各景观斑块相对简单规则。毛竹、猴头杜鹃和杉木聚集度下降趋势明显而斑块密度显著上升,长苞铁杉随演替进行面积逐渐减少而聚集度相对较高且斑块密度剧增,马尾松斑块密度缓慢增加而聚集度先降后升,随气候变化这些树种的景观完整度都遭到了不同程度的破坏,且在RCP8.5气候情景下景观破碎化更严重。而气候变化对阔叶林与柳杉的影响则较小,且阔叶林在演替期间斑块密度下降而聚集度稳中有增,潜在面积分布呈现出良好的发展势头。随气候变化,天宝岩自然保护区森林景观的演替最终将朝着“常绿阔叶林为主、针阔叶混交林为辅”的群落组成演变,保护区森林景观格局对气候变化的响应较为敏感。
