To investigate the eco-economic thresholds of weeds and the critical period for their control,combining economic and ecological perspectives to achieve scientific weed management,four dominant weeds,Echinochloa crus-g...To investigate the eco-economic thresholds of weeds and the critical period for their control,combining economic and ecological perspectives to achieve scientific weed management,four dominant weeds,Echinochloa crus-galli(L.)P.Beauv,Chenopodium album L.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop,and Commelina communis L.,were selected as experimental subjects,based on their common occurrence in spring maize planting areas in Northern China.A predictive model for maize yield loss caused by mixed weed populations was established.The study analyzed the eco-economic thresholds of weeds under different control measures and determined the optimal period for weed control by combining the critical control period.A logarithmic function model was developed to describe the relationship between mixed weed density and maize yield loss:y=5.9875ln(x)-6.5407(R^(2)=0.949,F=131.244,P=0.000).The optimal model for the critical period of competition between weeds and maize in maize fields was:y=-0.0027x^(2)+0.5624x-10.064(R2=0.968,F=30.513,P=0.032).When the weed density in maize fields reached 5.57 plants·m^(-2),manual weeding should be conducted promptly.When the weed density was 3.41 plants·m^(-2) or 3.48 plants·m^(-2),soil or foliar treatments should be applied,respectively.If the weed density reached 3.93 plants·m^(-2),a combination of soil and foliar treatment should be implemented.The critical period for manual weeding was 28.4 days after sowing,for soil treatment it was 19.9 days,for foliar treatment it was 21.8 days,and for the combined treatment of soil and foliar methods,it was 23.5 days after sowing.Retaining weeds for up to 15 days after maize sowing did not result in a yield loss and could even have a positive effect on maize yield.展开更多
To explore the material basis and mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of Hibiscus mutabilis L..The active ingredients and potential targets of Hibiscus mutabilis L.were obtained through the literature review a...To explore the material basis and mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of Hibiscus mutabilis L..The active ingredients and potential targets of Hibiscus mutabilis L.were obtained through the literature review and SwissADME platform.Genes related to the inflammation were collected using Genecards and OMIM databases,and the intersection genes were submitted on STRING and DAVID websites.Then,the protein interaction network(PPI),gene ontology(GO)and pathway(KEGG)were analyzed.Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the“Hibiscus mutabilis L.-active ingredient-target-inflammation”network diagram,and AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software was used for the molecular docking verification.The antiinflammatory effect of Hibiscus mutabilis L.active ingredient was verified by the RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model.The results showed that 11 active components and 94 potential targets,1029 inflammatory targets and 24 intersection targets were obtained from Hibiscus mutabilis L..The key anti-inflammatory active ingredients of Hibiscus mutabilis L.are quercetin,apigenin and luteolin.Its action pathway is mainly related to NF-κB,cancer pathway and TNF signaling pathway.Cell experiments showed that total flavonoids of Hibiscus mutabilis L.could effectively inhibit the expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin 8(IL-8)and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 inflammatory cells.It also downregulates the phosphorylation of human nuclear factor ĸB inhibitory protein α(IĸBα)and NF-κB p65 subunit protein(p65).Overall,the anti-inflammatory effect of Hibiscus mutabilis L.is related to many active components,many signal pathways and targets,which provides a theoretical basis for its further development and application.展开更多
【目的】明确PLC4×2基因在蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)叶片中的瞬时表达效果及亚细胞定位特征,为基因功能解析奠定基础。【方法】采用农杆菌介导法,将构建的瞬时过表达载体pBI121-EGFPPLC4×2导入蓖麻叶片;通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳...【目的】明确PLC4×2基因在蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)叶片中的瞬时表达效果及亚细胞定位特征,为基因功能解析奠定基础。【方法】采用农杆菌介导法,将构建的瞬时过表达载体pBI121-EGFPPLC4×2导入蓖麻叶片;通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测总RNA完整性,利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)验证基因表达量;采用酶解、过滤、离心法提取蓖麻原生质体,结合荧光倒置显微镜观察进行亚细胞定位分析。【结果】总RNA提取结果显示,28S rRNA与18S rRNA条带清晰,完整性良好;RT-qPCR检测证实,PLC4×2瞬时过表达植株的基因相对表达量显著高于野生型对照(P<0.001),瞬时过表达成功;亚细胞定位结果表明,PLC4×2基因编码的蛋白质主要定位于蓖麻原生质体的叶绿体上。【结论】采用农杆菌介导法,将构建的瞬时过表达载体pBI121-EGFP-PLC4×2导入蓖麻叶片,实现了PLC4×2基因在蓖麻叶片中的瞬时过表达,明确其主要定位于蓖麻原生质体的叶绿体上。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1400502)。
文摘To investigate the eco-economic thresholds of weeds and the critical period for their control,combining economic and ecological perspectives to achieve scientific weed management,four dominant weeds,Echinochloa crus-galli(L.)P.Beauv,Chenopodium album L.,Digitaria sanguinalis(L.)Scop,and Commelina communis L.,were selected as experimental subjects,based on their common occurrence in spring maize planting areas in Northern China.A predictive model for maize yield loss caused by mixed weed populations was established.The study analyzed the eco-economic thresholds of weeds under different control measures and determined the optimal period for weed control by combining the critical control period.A logarithmic function model was developed to describe the relationship between mixed weed density and maize yield loss:y=5.9875ln(x)-6.5407(R^(2)=0.949,F=131.244,P=0.000).The optimal model for the critical period of competition between weeds and maize in maize fields was:y=-0.0027x^(2)+0.5624x-10.064(R2=0.968,F=30.513,P=0.032).When the weed density in maize fields reached 5.57 plants·m^(-2),manual weeding should be conducted promptly.When the weed density was 3.41 plants·m^(-2) or 3.48 plants·m^(-2),soil or foliar treatments should be applied,respectively.If the weed density reached 3.93 plants·m^(-2),a combination of soil and foliar treatment should be implemented.The critical period for manual weeding was 28.4 days after sowing,for soil treatment it was 19.9 days,for foliar treatment it was 21.8 days,and for the combined treatment of soil and foliar methods,it was 23.5 days after sowing.Retaining weeds for up to 15 days after maize sowing did not result in a yield loss and could even have a positive effect on maize yield.
文摘To explore the material basis and mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of Hibiscus mutabilis L..The active ingredients and potential targets of Hibiscus mutabilis L.were obtained through the literature review and SwissADME platform.Genes related to the inflammation were collected using Genecards and OMIM databases,and the intersection genes were submitted on STRING and DAVID websites.Then,the protein interaction network(PPI),gene ontology(GO)and pathway(KEGG)were analyzed.Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the“Hibiscus mutabilis L.-active ingredient-target-inflammation”network diagram,and AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software was used for the molecular docking verification.The antiinflammatory effect of Hibiscus mutabilis L.active ingredient was verified by the RAW264.7 inflammatory cell model.The results showed that 11 active components and 94 potential targets,1029 inflammatory targets and 24 intersection targets were obtained from Hibiscus mutabilis L..The key anti-inflammatory active ingredients of Hibiscus mutabilis L.are quercetin,apigenin and luteolin.Its action pathway is mainly related to NF-κB,cancer pathway and TNF signaling pathway.Cell experiments showed that total flavonoids of Hibiscus mutabilis L.could effectively inhibit the expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin 8(IL-8)and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 inflammatory cells.It also downregulates the phosphorylation of human nuclear factor ĸB inhibitory protein α(IĸBα)and NF-κB p65 subunit protein(p65).Overall,the anti-inflammatory effect of Hibiscus mutabilis L.is related to many active components,many signal pathways and targets,which provides a theoretical basis for its further development and application.
文摘【目的】明确PLC4×2基因在蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)叶片中的瞬时表达效果及亚细胞定位特征,为基因功能解析奠定基础。【方法】采用农杆菌介导法,将构建的瞬时过表达载体pBI121-EGFPPLC4×2导入蓖麻叶片;通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测总RNA完整性,利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)验证基因表达量;采用酶解、过滤、离心法提取蓖麻原生质体,结合荧光倒置显微镜观察进行亚细胞定位分析。【结果】总RNA提取结果显示,28S rRNA与18S rRNA条带清晰,完整性良好;RT-qPCR检测证实,PLC4×2瞬时过表达植株的基因相对表达量显著高于野生型对照(P<0.001),瞬时过表达成功;亚细胞定位结果表明,PLC4×2基因编码的蛋白质主要定位于蓖麻原生质体的叶绿体上。【结论】采用农杆菌介导法,将构建的瞬时过表达载体pBI121-EGFP-PLC4×2导入蓖麻叶片,实现了PLC4×2基因在蓖麻叶片中的瞬时过表达,明确其主要定位于蓖麻原生质体的叶绿体上。
