The geological hazards, such as water inrush and mud outburst, are easily induced by the high water pressure caverns ahead of a karst tunnel face. Therefore, it is a pivotal issue to determine the reserved thickness o...The geological hazards, such as water inrush and mud outburst, are easily induced by the high water pressure caverns ahead of a karst tunnel face. Therefore, it is a pivotal issue to determine the reserved thickness of rock plug during the construction of tunnels. The limit analysis principle is employed to analyze the safe thickness from the point of energy dissipation, and the nonlinear and non-associated characteristics of geotechnical materials are both considered. On the basis of a plane failure pattern of rock plug, the expressions of detaching curve and rock plug thickness are derived. The effect of each parameter on the safe thickness of rock plug is discussed in detail, which interprets the corresponding failure scope of rock plug. The obtained results indicate that the thickness of rock plug is highly influenced by the nonlinear dilatancy coefficient and the nonlinear coefficient. The proposed method is validated by a comparison of the calculated results with those of the engineering project of the "526 karst cavern" of Yunwushan tunnel. This proposed method can provide reference basis for the design and excavation of karst tunnels in the future.展开更多
为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI...为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI)分析研究区水化学和水质特征,并耦合逐步多元线性回归分析,探讨能代表研究区岩溶水水质的关键指标。结果显示:①顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水具有微碱性、低盐度的特征,水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)—Ca^(2+)·Mg^(2+)型(73.47%)。超标指标为N_(an)(NH_(3)或NH_(4)^(+)中的N,即氨氮以氮计)、pH值、Fe、Mn和F^(-),超标率分别为10.20%、4.08%、4.08%、4.08%和2.04%。②研究区EWQI平均值为26.33,水质“极好”,其中极好和良好所占比例分别为91.84%和8.16%。③基于地下水水质数据构建的EWQI_(min)模型筛选的关键指标为N_(an)、Fe、Mn、N_(ntr)(硝氮以氮计,硝酸盐中N)和F^(-),其决定系数(R^(2))和百分比误差(PE)分别为0.986和3.88%。表明,EWQI_(min)模型优选指标可以代表顺平岩溶水系统的水质状况,对优化水质监测网等水资源管理提供了参考价值。展开更多
基金Project(2013CB036004) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(51378510,51308072) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(CX2014B069) supported by the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,China
文摘The geological hazards, such as water inrush and mud outburst, are easily induced by the high water pressure caverns ahead of a karst tunnel face. Therefore, it is a pivotal issue to determine the reserved thickness of rock plug during the construction of tunnels. The limit analysis principle is employed to analyze the safe thickness from the point of energy dissipation, and the nonlinear and non-associated characteristics of geotechnical materials are both considered. On the basis of a plane failure pattern of rock plug, the expressions of detaching curve and rock plug thickness are derived. The effect of each parameter on the safe thickness of rock plug is discussed in detail, which interprets the corresponding failure scope of rock plug. The obtained results indicate that the thickness of rock plug is highly influenced by the nonlinear dilatancy coefficient and the nonlinear coefficient. The proposed method is validated by a comparison of the calculated results with those of the engineering project of the "526 karst cavern" of Yunwushan tunnel. This proposed method can provide reference basis for the design and excavation of karst tunnels in the future.
文摘为优化地下水水质监测方案,确定北京顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水水质的主要控制指标,快速掌握地下水水质变化,基于2022年顺平岩溶水系统49件岩溶水样品,综合运用统计分析、Piper三线图和熵权水质指数(entropy weight water quality index,EWQI)分析研究区水化学和水质特征,并耦合逐步多元线性回归分析,探讨能代表研究区岩溶水水质的关键指标。结果显示:①顺平岩溶水系统岩溶水具有微碱性、低盐度的特征,水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)—Ca^(2+)·Mg^(2+)型(73.47%)。超标指标为N_(an)(NH_(3)或NH_(4)^(+)中的N,即氨氮以氮计)、pH值、Fe、Mn和F^(-),超标率分别为10.20%、4.08%、4.08%、4.08%和2.04%。②研究区EWQI平均值为26.33,水质“极好”,其中极好和良好所占比例分别为91.84%和8.16%。③基于地下水水质数据构建的EWQI_(min)模型筛选的关键指标为N_(an)、Fe、Mn、N_(ntr)(硝氮以氮计,硝酸盐中N)和F^(-),其决定系数(R^(2))和百分比误差(PE)分别为0.986和3.88%。表明,EWQI_(min)模型优选指标可以代表顺平岩溶水系统的水质状况,对优化水质监测网等水资源管理提供了参考价值。
