To address the issue of neglecting scenarios involving joint operations and collaborative drone swarm operations in air combat target intent recognition.This paper proposes a transfer learning-based intention predicti...To address the issue of neglecting scenarios involving joint operations and collaborative drone swarm operations in air combat target intent recognition.This paper proposes a transfer learning-based intention prediction model for drone formation targets in air combat.This model recognizes the intentions of multiple aerial targets by extracting spatial features among the targets at each moment.Simulation results demonstrate that,compared to classical intention recognition models,the proposed model in this paper achieves higher accuracy in identifying the intentions of drone swarm targets in air combat scenarios.展开更多
High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelations...High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelationships among intricate variable patterns.Accordingly,this study proposes a Mogrifier gate recurrent unit-D(Mog-GRU-D)model to address the com-bat target intention prediction issue under the incomplete infor-mation condition.The proposed model directly processes miss-ing data while reducing the independence between inputs and output states.A total of 1200 samples from twelve continuous moments are captured through the combat simulation system,each of which consists of seven dimensional features.To bench-mark the experiment,a missing valued dataset has been gener-ated by randomly removing 20%of the original data.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model obtains the state-of-the-art performance with an accuracy of 73.25%when dealing with incomplete information.This study provides possi-ble interpretations for the principle of target interactive mecha-nism,highlighting the model’s effectiveness in potential air war-fare implementation.展开更多
How to mine valuable information from massive multisource heterogeneous data and identify the intention of aerial targets is a major research focus at present. Aiming at the longterm dependence of air target intention...How to mine valuable information from massive multisource heterogeneous data and identify the intention of aerial targets is a major research focus at present. Aiming at the longterm dependence of air target intention recognition, this paper deeply explores the potential attribute features from the spatiotemporal sequence data of the target. First, we build an intelligent dynamic intention recognition framework, including a series of specific processes such as data source, data preprocessing,target space-time, convolutional neural networks-bidirectional gated recurrent unit-atteneion (CBA) model and intention recognition. Then, we analyze and reason the designed CBA model in detail. Finally, through comparison and analysis with other recognition model experiments, our proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of air target intention recognition,and is of significance to the commanders’ operational command and situation prediction.展开更多
To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on be...To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.展开更多
Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emp...Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emptive tactical opportunities for the fighter to gain air superiority. The existing methods to solve this problem have some defects such as dependence on empirical knowledge, difficulty in interpreting the recognition results, and inability to meet the requirements of actual air combat. So an online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in BVR air combat based on cascaded support vector machine (CSVM) is proposed in this study. Through the mechanism analysis of BVR air combat, the instantaneous and cumulative feature information of target trajectory and relative situation information are introduced successively using online automatic decomposition of target trajectory and hierarchical progression. Then the hierarchical recognition model from target maneuver element, tactical maneuver to tactical intention is constructed. The CSVM algorithm is designed for solving this model, and the computational complexity is decomposed by the cascaded structure to overcome the problems of convergence and timeliness when the dimensions and number of training samples are large. Meanwhile, the recognition result of each layer can be used to support the composition analysis and interpretation of target tactical intention. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize multi-dimensional online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in BVR air combat.展开更多
This paper proposes a parity recognition of blade number and manoeuvre intention classification algorithm of rotor target based on the convolutional neural network(CNN) using micro Doppler features. Firstly, the time-...This paper proposes a parity recognition of blade number and manoeuvre intention classification algorithm of rotor target based on the convolutional neural network(CNN) using micro Doppler features. Firstly, the time-frequency spectrograms are acquired from the radar echo by the short-time Fourier transform.Secondly, based on the obtained spectrograms, a seven-layer CNN architecture is built to recognize the blade-number parity and classify the manoeuvre intention of the rotor target. The constructed architecture contains a leaky rectified linear unit and a dropout layer to accelerate the convergence of the architecture and avoid over-fitting. Finally, the spectrograms of the datasets are divided into three different ratios, i.e., 20%, 33% and 50%,and the cross validation is used to verify the effectiveness of the constructed CNN architecture. Simulation results show that, on the one hand, as the ratio of training data increases, the recognition accuracy of parity and manoeuvre intention is improved at the same signal-to-noise ratio(SNR);on the other hand, the proposed algorithm also has a strong robustness: the accuracy can still reach 90.72% with an SNR of – 6 dB.展开更多
Goals reasoning and management of pilot is a key issue to monitor pilot's behavior and intention. Traditional modeling methods are based on scenarios or situations, such methods will cause the,covering problem due...Goals reasoning and management of pilot is a key issue to monitor pilot's behavior and intention. Traditional modeling methods are based on scenarios or situations, such methods will cause the,covering problem due to redundancy and are incapable of depicting interactions among various goals and plans of pilot. Petri net integrated with belief, desire and intention (BDI) theory (BDI Petri net) is designed to solve this problem. Focusing on the BDI theory, goal states of agent are discussed firstly. Belief, desire and intention are modeled by places and transitions based on the Petri net theory. In order to simplify the network, colored token is introduced to depict various states of belief, and the hierarchy transition is applied to model the intention, together with tokens' flow derrionstrating the interaction among various goals and relationship among belief, desire and intention. A search and rescue mission is used to validate the proposed method and the result indicates that the model can be used to monitor goals and behaviors of pilots.展开更多
The objective of current study was to investigate the influence of brand related attributes on customer loyalty and repurchase intention in agricultural product marketing in Pakistan. Results of current study would he...The objective of current study was to investigate the influence of brand related attributes on customer loyalty and repurchase intention in agricultural product marketing in Pakistan. Results of current study would help the management of branded agricultural products, in Pakistan specifically and in developing countries generally, to formulate the best strategies to enhance customer loyalty in order to induce repurchase intention of them. Future research could be conducted in the same field by adopting larger sample size and this research can be replicated with specific product category.展开更多
文摘To address the issue of neglecting scenarios involving joint operations and collaborative drone swarm operations in air combat target intent recognition.This paper proposes a transfer learning-based intention prediction model for drone formation targets in air combat.This model recognizes the intentions of multiple aerial targets by extracting spatial features among the targets at each moment.Simulation results demonstrate that,compared to classical intention recognition models,the proposed model in this paper achieves higher accuracy in identifying the intentions of drone swarm targets in air combat scenarios.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2020Z023053002).
文摘High complexity and uncertainty of air combat pose significant challenges to target intention prediction.Current interpolation methods for data pre-processing and wrangling have limitations in capturing interrelationships among intricate variable patterns.Accordingly,this study proposes a Mogrifier gate recurrent unit-D(Mog-GRU-D)model to address the com-bat target intention prediction issue under the incomplete infor-mation condition.The proposed model directly processes miss-ing data while reducing the independence between inputs and output states.A total of 1200 samples from twelve continuous moments are captured through the combat simulation system,each of which consists of seven dimensional features.To bench-mark the experiment,a missing valued dataset has been gener-ated by randomly removing 20%of the original data.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed model obtains the state-of-the-art performance with an accuracy of 73.25%when dealing with incomplete information.This study provides possi-ble interpretations for the principle of target interactive mecha-nism,highlighting the model’s effectiveness in potential air war-fare implementation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61502523)。
文摘How to mine valuable information from massive multisource heterogeneous data and identify the intention of aerial targets is a major research focus at present. Aiming at the longterm dependence of air target intention recognition, this paper deeply explores the potential attribute features from the spatiotemporal sequence data of the target. First, we build an intelligent dynamic intention recognition framework, including a series of specific processes such as data source, data preprocessing,target space-time, convolutional neural networks-bidirectional gated recurrent unit-atteneion (CBA) model and intention recognition. Then, we analyze and reason the designed CBA model in detail. Finally, through comparison and analysis with other recognition model experiments, our proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of air target intention recognition,and is of significance to the commanders’ operational command and situation prediction.
基金This work was supported by the Youth Foundation of National Science Foundation of China(62001503)the Special Fund for Taishan Scholar Project(ts 201712072).
文摘To solve the problem that the existing situation awareness research focuses on multi-sensor data fusion,but the expert knowledge is not fully utilized,a heterogeneous informa-tion fusion recognition method based on belief rule structure is proposed.By defining the continuous probabilistic hesitation fuzzy linguistic term sets(CPHFLTS)and establishing CPHFLTS distance measure,the belief rule base of the relationship between feature space and category space is constructed through information integration,and the evidence reasoning of the input samples is carried out.The experimental results show that the proposed method can make full use of sensor data and expert knowledge for recognition.Compared with the other methods,the proposed method has a higher correct recognition rate under different noise levels.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62076204 and Grant No.61612385in part by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China under Grants No.2021M700337in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.3102019ZX016.
文摘Online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in beyond-visual-range (BVR) air combat is an important basis for deep situational awareness and autonomous air combat decision-making, which can create pre-emptive tactical opportunities for the fighter to gain air superiority. The existing methods to solve this problem have some defects such as dependence on empirical knowledge, difficulty in interpreting the recognition results, and inability to meet the requirements of actual air combat. So an online hierarchical recognition method for target tactical intention in BVR air combat based on cascaded support vector machine (CSVM) is proposed in this study. Through the mechanism analysis of BVR air combat, the instantaneous and cumulative feature information of target trajectory and relative situation information are introduced successively using online automatic decomposition of target trajectory and hierarchical progression. Then the hierarchical recognition model from target maneuver element, tactical maneuver to tactical intention is constructed. The CSVM algorithm is designed for solving this model, and the computational complexity is decomposed by the cascaded structure to overcome the problems of convergence and timeliness when the dimensions and number of training samples are large. Meanwhile, the recognition result of each layer can be used to support the composition analysis and interpretation of target tactical intention. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize multi-dimensional online accurate recognition of target tactical intention in BVR air combat.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61901514)the Young Talent Program of Air Force Early Warning Academy (TJRC425311G11)。
文摘This paper proposes a parity recognition of blade number and manoeuvre intention classification algorithm of rotor target based on the convolutional neural network(CNN) using micro Doppler features. Firstly, the time-frequency spectrograms are acquired from the radar echo by the short-time Fourier transform.Secondly, based on the obtained spectrograms, a seven-layer CNN architecture is built to recognize the blade-number parity and classify the manoeuvre intention of the rotor target. The constructed architecture contains a leaky rectified linear unit and a dropout layer to accelerate the convergence of the architecture and avoid over-fitting. Finally, the spectrograms of the datasets are divided into three different ratios, i.e., 20%, 33% and 50%,and the cross validation is used to verify the effectiveness of the constructed CNN architecture. Simulation results show that, on the one hand, as the ratio of training data increases, the recognition accuracy of parity and manoeuvre intention is improved at the same signal-to-noise ratio(SNR);on the other hand, the proposed algorithm also has a strong robustness: the accuracy can still reach 90.72% with an SNR of – 6 dB.
文摘Goals reasoning and management of pilot is a key issue to monitor pilot's behavior and intention. Traditional modeling methods are based on scenarios or situations, such methods will cause the,covering problem due to redundancy and are incapable of depicting interactions among various goals and plans of pilot. Petri net integrated with belief, desire and intention (BDI) theory (BDI Petri net) is designed to solve this problem. Focusing on the BDI theory, goal states of agent are discussed firstly. Belief, desire and intention are modeled by places and transitions based on the Petri net theory. In order to simplify the network, colored token is introduced to depict various states of belief, and the hierarchy transition is applied to model the intention, together with tokens' flow derrionstrating the interaction among various goals and relationship among belief, desire and intention. A search and rescue mission is used to validate the proposed method and the result indicates that the model can be used to monitor goals and behaviors of pilots.
文摘The objective of current study was to investigate the influence of brand related attributes on customer loyalty and repurchase intention in agricultural product marketing in Pakistan. Results of current study would help the management of branded agricultural products, in Pakistan specifically and in developing countries generally, to formulate the best strategies to enhance customer loyalty in order to induce repurchase intention of them. Future research could be conducted in the same field by adopting larger sample size and this research can be replicated with specific product category.
