The construction process and load-bearing behaviors of Cast-in-place concrete thin-wall pipe piles are analyzed based on its application on Yantong Expressway Project. The low strain test, static load test and field e...The construction process and load-bearing behaviors of Cast-in-place concrete thin-wall pipe piles are analyzed based on its application on Yantong Expressway Project. The low strain test, static load test and field excavation were also carried out, and the bearing capacity of the new pile can meet the requirements of design. With the increase of pile diameter, the bearing capacity is increased. The settlement of composite foundation is decreased, when the replacement ratio of pile is increased. The test results also show that the load carried by inner soils is neglectable. According to the tests and application, it can be concluded that the new type of pile is convenient to construction with high bearing capacity and reliable quality, which has great potential in practical engineering.展开更多
Ground improvement has been used on many construction sites to densify granular materials, in other word, to improve soil properties and reduce potential settlement. This work presents a case study of ground improveme...Ground improvement has been used on many construction sites to densify granular materials, in other word, to improve soil properties and reduce potential settlement. This work presents a case study of ground improvement using rapid impact compaction （RIC）. The research site comprises the construction of workshop and depots as part of railway development project at Batu Gajah-Ipoh, Malaysia. In-situ testing results show that the subsurface soil comprises mainly of sand and silty sand through the investigated depth extended to 10 m. Groundwater is approximately 0.5 m below the ground surface. Evaluation of improvement was based on the results of pre- and post-improvement cone penetration test （CPT）. Interpretation software has been used to infer soil properties. Load test was conducted to estimate soil settlement. It is found that the technique succeeds in improving soil properties namely the relative density increases from 45% to 70%, the friction angle of soil is increased by an average of 3°, and the soil settlement is reduced by 50%： The technique succeeds in improving soil properties to approximately 5.0 m in depth depending on soil uniformity with depth.展开更多
Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced in...Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced into boron particles,investigating the impact of PDA content on the energetic behavior of boron.The results indicated that the PDA coating formed a fishing net structure on the surface of boron particles.The heat release results showed that the combustion calorific value of B@PDA was higher than that of the raw boron.Specifically,the actual combustion heat of boron powder in B@10%PDA increased by 38.08%.Meanwhile,the DSC peak temperature decreased by 100.65℃under similar oxidation rate compared to raw boron.Simultaneously,the B@PDA@AP and B@AP composites were prepared,and their combustion properties were evaluated.It was demonstrated that B@10%PDA@AP exhibited superior performance in terms of peak pressure and burning time,respectively.The peak pressure is 12.43 kPa more than B@AP and burning time is 2.22 times higher than B@AP.Therefore,the coating of PDA effectively inhibits the oxidization of boron during storage and enhances the energetic behavior of boron and corresponding composites.展开更多
For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmissi...For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.展开更多
Cotton,the most important natural fiber crop in the world,is a mainstay in China's economy.However,for over two decades,cotton yields both in China and U.S.have been at a plateau.
The coal enterprise＇s spoiled environment situation was analyzed in this paper. The coal enterprises＇environment conditions must be improved under the trend of sustainable development and economic globalization. And...The coal enterprise＇s spoiled environment situation was analyzed in this paper. The coal enterprises＇environment conditions must be improved under the trend of sustainable development and economic globalization. And it is important for using landscape architecture techniques to improve coal enterprises＇ environmental conditions. Four principles should be followed to improve the coal enterprises＇ environment by landscape architect were pointed out.展开更多
The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
Stone column is one of the soil stabilizing methods that is used to increase bearing capacity and decrease the settlement of soft soils.Reinforced and unreinforced granular blankets are now being utilized to overcome ...Stone column is one of the soil stabilizing methods that is used to increase bearing capacity and decrease the settlement of soft soils.Reinforced and unreinforced granular blankets are now being utilized to overcome the problems of soft soils.In this research,the bearing capacity of stone columns,granular blanket,and a combination of both methods in reinforced and unreinforced modes were studied using scaled physical models.Results show that using granular blanket,stone column,and combination of both improves bearing capacity of soft soils.Using geogrid as the reinforcement of granular blankets and geotextile as stone-column encasement increases the efficiency of granular blankets and stone columns significantly.Additionally,in the case of using geotextile around the stone column,the stress concentration ratio of the stone column will increase as well as its rigidity and bearing capacity.展开更多
Cotton is the main cash crop in China,and plays a very important and irreplaceable role in the national economy. With only 3% of total crop plant area,China accounts for over 10%
The azimuth resolution improvement problem is solved via a coherent combination of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） ima-ges with the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth. Prior to the spectra combination, SAR images...The azimuth resolution improvement problem is solved via a coherent combination of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） ima-ges with the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth. Prior to the spectra combination, SAR images should be coregistered, while phase biases induced by topography, atmospheric propagation delays and baseline measurement errors should be calibrated. However, the coregistration accuracy suffers from large Doppler decorrelation caused by the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler band-width. Furthermore, the method used to estimate phase biases from interferogram of azimuth prefiltered SAR image pairs wil fail when there is no overlapped spectrum. The fringe simulation and maximum sharpness optimization are adopted to deal with the problems. Accordingly, a novel algorithm to coherently synthesize SAR images is presented. The experiment with the Terra SAR X-band （TerraSAR-X） satel ite data validates the performance of the presented method.展开更多
The swine industry in China is a thriving and evolving industry that has shown phenomenal growth over the past 10 years. To insure long term success and viability in a worldwide competitive industry such as pork, ther...The swine industry in China is a thriving and evolving industry that has shown phenomenal growth over the past 10 years. To insure long term success and viability in a worldwide competitive industry such as pork, there is need for a National Swine Genetic Improvement Program. This program needs to draw on expertise and technology from across the world for its development, but it should be based on the structure of the pig industry in China and be led by Chinese scientists, administrators and producers. National Genetic Improvement requires more than just technology. A successful program of national genetic improvement will require cooperation from the industry and the government. The support for the university system is essential for the success of the pig industry. The university system has a vital role on education (of students, faculty, producers and consumers) as well as research and technology transfer. The government could also have a role in supporting the central test stations and AI stations across the country. An accurate and comprehensive pedigree maintenance system is essential to genetic improvement. And it will be vitally important to be active in the importation of new genetics to sample other populations.展开更多
Cotton production plays a very important and irreplaceable role in the national economy of China,which has over 10% output value of cotton industry worldwide,with only 3% of total crop plant area.
To date,more and more transgenic varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) generated with transgenes,which derived from varies of alien species,are playing important role in agricultural production.Stacking of...To date,more and more transgenic varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) generated with transgenes,which derived from varies of alien species,are playing important role in agricultural production.Stacking of multi-transgenes has a potential for combining all the merits of展开更多
A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and opt...A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.展开更多
Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
At present, the yak population reached to 1.1 million in Gannan prefecture. Yak is dominant livestock in Gannan,and is the main source of herdsman income. In recent years, the population of Gannan yak continuously inc...At present, the yak population reached to 1.1 million in Gannan prefecture. Yak is dominant livestock in Gannan,and is the main source of herdsman income. In recent years, the population of Gannan yak continuously increased, but the performances such as body weight, dressing percentage and reproductivity are dropping.In order to improve quality, performance and economic benefits of yak production,it is very urgent to strengthen yak selective breeding.展开更多
In a commercialized, fully artificial plant factory, artificial luminaire is arranged in a unified way using a general illumination theory, an actual measurement, or an empirical methodology. However, with these metho...In a commercialized, fully artificial plant factory, artificial luminaire is arranged in a unified way using a general illumination theory, an actual measurement, or an empirical methodology. However, with these methods, lightings are implemented without considering specific optical characteristics of lighting or material characteristics of each component that constructs a cultivation system, resulting in an amount of light that becomes irregular. The amount of lighting is closely related with the growth and quality of crops, and the deviation between points where cultivated crops are located causes quality difference in the produced crops, thus impairing the economic feasibility of a plant factory. In this regard, a simulation to figure out an optimum lighting layout was performed. Arrangements based on the spectrum distribution of light source and reflector materials were implemented to ascertain the distance between lighting and height of lighting and gather information in the pre-treatment process to improve the uniformity of light in the plant cultivation system. Improvement of around 15% in light uniformity is achieved compared with the existing system after the simulation is carried out. This result would reduce the deviation in crop growth to make uniform quality crop production possible.展开更多
Integrating alleles from Gossypium species into G.hirsutum is important for the enhancement of genetic variability and for creating polymorphism useful in molecular mapping studies.Through collaborative efforts,severa...Integrating alleles from Gossypium species into G.hirsutum is important for the enhancement of genetic variability and for creating polymorphism useful in molecular mapping studies.Through collaborative efforts,several species including G.barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum展开更多
A detailed research in soil improving measure was conducted during the process of plants that were cultivated in Tianjin saline and alkaline area. The results showed that the commonly used measures could improve the s...A detailed research in soil improving measure was conducted during the process of plants that were cultivated in Tianjin saline and alkaline area. The results showed that the commonly used measures could improve the soil, and also we got some useful advices and suggestions for plants cultivating in Tianiin saline and alkaline areas.展开更多
基金Project(50679017) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The construction process and load-bearing behaviors of Cast-in-place concrete thin-wall pipe piles are analyzed based on its application on Yantong Expressway Project. The low strain test, static load test and field excavation were also carried out, and the bearing capacity of the new pile can meet the requirements of design. With the increase of pile diameter, the bearing capacity is increased. The settlement of composite foundation is decreased, when the replacement ratio of pile is increased. The test results also show that the load carried by inner soils is neglectable. According to the tests and application, it can be concluded that the new type of pile is convenient to construction with high bearing capacity and reliable quality, which has great potential in practical engineering.
基金Projects(RG148/12AET,RG086/10AET) supported by the UMRG,MalaysiaProject(PS05812010B) supported by the Post Graduate Research Fund,Malaysia
文摘Ground improvement has been used on many construction sites to densify granular materials, in other word, to improve soil properties and reduce potential settlement. This work presents a case study of ground improvement using rapid impact compaction （RIC）. The research site comprises the construction of workshop and depots as part of railway development project at Batu Gajah-Ipoh, Malaysia. In-situ testing results show that the subsurface soil comprises mainly of sand and silty sand through the investigated depth extended to 10 m. Groundwater is approximately 0.5 m below the ground surface. Evaluation of improvement was based on the results of pre- and post-improvement cone penetration test （CPT）. Interpretation software has been used to infer soil properties. Load test was conducted to estimate soil settlement. It is found that the technique succeeds in improving soil properties namely the relative density increases from 45% to 70%, the friction angle of soil is increased by an average of 3°, and the soil settlement is reduced by 50%： The technique succeeds in improving soil properties to approximately 5.0 m in depth depending on soil uniformity with depth.
文摘Boron is an ambitious fuel in energetic materials since its high heat release values,but its application is prohibited by low combustion efficiency and oxidization during storage.The polydopamine(PDA)was introduced into boron particles,investigating the impact of PDA content on the energetic behavior of boron.The results indicated that the PDA coating formed a fishing net structure on the surface of boron particles.The heat release results showed that the combustion calorific value of B@PDA was higher than that of the raw boron.Specifically,the actual combustion heat of boron powder in B@10%PDA increased by 38.08%.Meanwhile,the DSC peak temperature decreased by 100.65℃under similar oxidation rate compared to raw boron.Simultaneously,the B@PDA@AP and B@AP composites were prepared,and their combustion properties were evaluated.It was demonstrated that B@10%PDA@AP exhibited superior performance in terms of peak pressure and burning time,respectively.The peak pressure is 12.43 kPa more than B@AP and burning time is 2.22 times higher than B@AP.Therefore,the coating of PDA effectively inhibits the oxidization of boron during storage and enhances the energetic behavior of boron and corresponding composites.
基金Project(51405010)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011BAG09B00)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China
文摘For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.
基金This work is supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2004CB117300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30530490)
文摘Cotton,the most important natural fiber crop in the world,is a mainstay in China's economy.However,for over two decades,cotton yields both in China and U.S.have been at a plateau.
文摘The coal enterprise＇s spoiled environment situation was analyzed in this paper. The coal enterprises＇environment conditions must be improved under the trend of sustainable development and economic globalization. And it is important for using landscape architecture techniques to improve coal enterprises＇ environmental conditions. Four principles should be followed to improve the coal enterprises＇ environment by landscape architect were pointed out.
文摘The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
文摘In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
文摘Stone column is one of the soil stabilizing methods that is used to increase bearing capacity and decrease the settlement of soft soils.Reinforced and unreinforced granular blankets are now being utilized to overcome the problems of soft soils.In this research,the bearing capacity of stone columns,granular blanket,and a combination of both methods in reinforced and unreinforced modes were studied using scaled physical models.Results show that using granular blanket,stone column,and combination of both improves bearing capacity of soft soils.Using geogrid as the reinforcement of granular blankets and geotextile as stone-column encasement increases the efficiency of granular blankets and stone columns significantly.Additionally,in the case of using geotextile around the stone column,the stress concentration ratio of the stone column will increase as well as its rigidity and bearing capacity.
文摘Cotton is the main cash crop in China,and plays a very important and irreplaceable role in the national economy. With only 3% of total crop plant area,China accounts for over 10%
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China(41001282)
文摘The azimuth resolution improvement problem is solved via a coherent combination of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） ima-ges with the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth. Prior to the spectra combination, SAR images should be coregistered, while phase biases induced by topography, atmospheric propagation delays and baseline measurement errors should be calibrated. However, the coregistration accuracy suffers from large Doppler decorrelation caused by the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler band-width. Furthermore, the method used to estimate phase biases from interferogram of azimuth prefiltered SAR image pairs wil fail when there is no overlapped spectrum. The fringe simulation and maximum sharpness optimization are adopted to deal with the problems. Accordingly, a novel algorithm to coherently synthesize SAR images is presented. The experiment with the Terra SAR X-band （TerraSAR-X） satel ite data validates the performance of the presented method.
文摘The swine industry in China is a thriving and evolving industry that has shown phenomenal growth over the past 10 years. To insure long term success and viability in a worldwide competitive industry such as pork, there is need for a National Swine Genetic Improvement Program. This program needs to draw on expertise and technology from across the world for its development, but it should be based on the structure of the pig industry in China and be led by Chinese scientists, administrators and producers. National Genetic Improvement requires more than just technology. A successful program of national genetic improvement will require cooperation from the industry and the government. The support for the university system is essential for the success of the pig industry. The university system has a vital role on education (of students, faculty, producers and consumers) as well as research and technology transfer. The government could also have a role in supporting the central test stations and AI stations across the country. An accurate and comprehensive pedigree maintenance system is essential to genetic improvement. And it will be vitally important to be active in the importation of new genetics to sample other populations.
文摘Cotton production plays a very important and irreplaceable role in the national economy of China,which has over 10% output value of cotton industry worldwide,with only 3% of total crop plant area.
文摘To date,more and more transgenic varieties of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) generated with transgenes,which derived from varies of alien species,are playing important role in agricultural production.Stacking of multi-transgenes has a potential for combining all the merits of
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72471067,72431011,72471238,72231011,62303474,72301286)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(GK239909299001-010).
文摘A new approach is proposed in this study for accountable capability improvement based on interpretable capability evaluation using the belief rule base(BRB).Firstly,a capability evaluation model is constructed and optimized.Then,the key sub-capabilities are identified by quantitatively calculating the contributions made by each sub-capability to the overall capability.Finally,the overall capability is improved by optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.The theoretical contributions of the proposed approach are as follows.(i)An interpretable capability evaluation model is constructed by employing BRB which can provide complete access to decision-makers.(ii)Key sub-capabilities are identified according to the quantitative contribution analysis results.(iii)Accountable capability improvement is carried out by only optimizing the identified key sub-capabilities.Case study results show that“Surveillance”,“Positioning”,and“Identification”are identified as key sub-capabilities with a summed contribution of 75.55%in an analytical and deducible fashion based on the interpretable capability evaluation model.As a result,the overall capability is improved by optimizing only the identified key sub-capabilities.The overall capability can be greatly improved from 59.20%to 81.80%with a minimum cost of 397.Furthermore,this paper also investigates how optimizing the BRB with more collected data would affect the evaluation results:only optimizing“Surveillance”and“Positioning”can also improve the overall capability to 81.34%with a cost of 370,which thus validates the efficiency of the proposed approach.
文摘Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
文摘At present, the yak population reached to 1.1 million in Gannan prefecture. Yak is dominant livestock in Gannan,and is the main source of herdsman income. In recent years, the population of Gannan yak continuously increased, but the performances such as body weight, dressing percentage and reproductivity are dropping.In order to improve quality, performance and economic benefits of yak production,it is very urgent to strengthen yak selective breeding.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST)the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovationsupported by the Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (No.20114010203040) grant funded by the Korean government’s Ministry of Knowledge Economy
文摘In a commercialized, fully artificial plant factory, artificial luminaire is arranged in a unified way using a general illumination theory, an actual measurement, or an empirical methodology. However, with these methods, lightings are implemented without considering specific optical characteristics of lighting or material characteristics of each component that constructs a cultivation system, resulting in an amount of light that becomes irregular. The amount of lighting is closely related with the growth and quality of crops, and the deviation between points where cultivated crops are located causes quality difference in the produced crops, thus impairing the economic feasibility of a plant factory. In this regard, a simulation to figure out an optimum lighting layout was performed. Arrangements based on the spectrum distribution of light source and reflector materials were implemented to ascertain the distance between lighting and height of lighting and gather information in the pre-treatment process to improve the uniformity of light in the plant cultivation system. Improvement of around 15% in light uniformity is achieved compared with the existing system after the simulation is carried out. This result would reduce the deviation in crop growth to make uniform quality crop production possible.
文摘Integrating alleles from Gossypium species into G.hirsutum is important for the enhancement of genetic variability and for creating polymorphism useful in molecular mapping studies.Through collaborative efforts,several species including G.barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum
文摘A detailed research in soil improving measure was conducted during the process of plants that were cultivated in Tianjin saline and alkaline area. The results showed that the commonly used measures could improve the soil, and also we got some useful advices and suggestions for plants cultivating in Tianiin saline and alkaline areas.
