Methane(CH_(4))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))are primary components of coal seam gas(CSG).Understanding their adsorption-desorption hysteresis characteristics,along with the fundamental mechanism,is crucial for CSG exploi...Methane(CH_(4))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))are primary components of coal seam gas(CSG).Understanding their adsorption-desorption hysteresis characteristics,along with the fundamental mechanism,is crucial for CSG exploitation and related hazards mitigation.This research focused on the representative Bulli coal seam in the Sydney Basin,Australia.Through the purpose-built indirect gravimetric high-pressure isothermal adsorption-desorption hysteresis experiment,a novel Langmuir-based desorption model,incorporating hysteresis effect and residual gas,was proposed.Quantitative characterization of the adsorption-desorption hysteresis degrees of CO_(2)and CH_(4)i n coal particles of various sizes and inΦ50mm 100 mm intact coal samples were achieved using the improved hysteresis index(IHI).The experimental findings validated that the proposed desorption model accurately describes the desorption behavior of CO_(2)and CH_(4)in coal(R^(2)>0.99).Based on the adsorption-desorption properties of inkbottle-shaped micropores and pore deformation caused by gas adsorption-induced coal expansion,the occurrence mechanism of adsorption–desorption hysteresis and the fundamental reasons for the presence of residual gas were elucidated.Furthermore,the study explored the impact of CO_(2)and CH_(4)adsorption-desorption hysteresis effects on coal and gas outbursts,suggesting that coal seams rich in CO_(2)do not have a higher propensity for outbursts than those rich in CH_(4).展开更多
The hysteresis of magnetoresistance observed in superconductors is of great interest due to its potential connectionwith unconventional superconductivity.In this study,we perform electrical transport measurements on k...The hysteresis of magnetoresistance observed in superconductors is of great interest due to its potential connectionwith unconventional superconductivity.In this study,we perform electrical transport measurements on kagome superconductorCsV_(3)Sb_(5)nanoflakes and uncover unusual hysteretic behavior of magnetoresistance in the superconducting state.This hysteresis can be induced by applying either a large DC or AC current at temperatures(T)well below the superconductingtransition temperature(T_(c)).As T approaches T_(c),similar weak hysteresis is also detected by applying a smallcurrent.Various scenarios are discussed,with particular focus on the effects of vortex pinning and the presence of timereversal-symmtery-breaking superconducting domains.Our findings support the latter,hinting at chiral superconductivityin kagome superconductors.展开更多
Solid-state cooling technologies have been considered as potential alternatives for vapor compression cooling systems.The search for refrigeration materials displaying a unique combination of pronounced caloric effect...Solid-state cooling technologies have been considered as potential alternatives for vapor compression cooling systems.The search for refrigeration materials displaying a unique combination of pronounced caloric effect,low hysteresis,and high reversibility on phase transformation was very active in recent years.Here,we achieved increase in the elastocaloric reversibility and decrease in the friction dissipation of martensite transformations in the superelastic nano-grained NiTi alloys obtained by cold rolling and annealing treatment,with very low stress hysteresis(6.3 MPa)under a large applied strain(5%).Large adiabatic temperature changes(△T_(max)=16.3 K atε=5%)and moderate COP_(mater)values(maximum COP_(mater)=11.8 atε=2%)were achieved.The present nano-grained NiTi alloys exhibited great potential for applications as a highly efficient elastocaloric material.展开更多
Flexible strain sensors are promising in sensing minuscule mechanical signals,and thereby widely used in various advanced fields.However,the effective integration of hypersensitivity and highly selective response into...Flexible strain sensors are promising in sensing minuscule mechanical signals,and thereby widely used in various advanced fields.However,the effective integration of hypersensitivity and highly selective response into one flexible strain sensor remains a huge challenge.Herein,inspired by the hysteresis strategy of the scorpion slit receptor,a bio-inspired flexible strain sensor(BFSS)with parallel through-slit arrays is designed and fabricated.Specifically,BFSS consists of conductive monolayer graphene and viscoelastic styrene–isoprene–styrene block copolymer.Under the synergistic effect of the bio-inspired slit structures and flexible viscoelastic materials,BFSS can achieve both hypersensitivity and highly selective frequency response.Remarkably,the BFSS exhibits a high gage factor of 657.36,and a precise identification of vibration frequencies at a resolution of 0.2 Hz through undergoing different morphological changes to high-frequency vibration and low-frequency vibration.Moreover,the BFSS possesses a wide frequency detection range(103 Hz)and stable durability(1000 cycles).It can sense and recognize vibration signals with different characteristics,including the frequency,amplitude,and waveform.This work,which turns the hysteresis effect into a"treasure,"can provide new design ideas for sensors for potential applications including human–computer interaction and health monitoring of mechanical equipment.展开更多
In this study,the hydrogel network was reinforced by covalent-like hydrogen bonding,and the strong binding ability of boron-nitrogen coordination served as the main driving force.Among them,acrylamide(AM)and 3-acrylam...In this study,the hydrogel network was reinforced by covalent-like hydrogen bonding,and the strong binding ability of boron-nitrogen coordination served as the main driving force.Among them,acrylamide(AM)and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid(AAPBA)were the main body,and the numerous hydroxyl groups in the trehalose(Treh)molecule and other polymer groups formed strong hydrogen bonding interactions to improve the mechanical properties of the PAM/PAAPBA/Treh(PAAT)hydrogel and ensured the simplicity of the synthesis process.The hydrogel possessed high strain at break(1239%),stress(64.7 kPa),low hysteresis(100%to 500%strain,corresponding to dissipation energy from 1.37 to 7.80 kJ/m^(3)),and outstanding cycling stability(retained more than 90%of maximum stress after 200 ten-sile cycles).By integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)into PAAT hydrogel(PAATC),the PAATC hydrogel with excellent strain response performance was successfully constructed.The PAATC conductive hydro-gel exhibited high sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)=10.58 and sensitivity(S)=0.304 kPa^(-1)),wide strain response range(0.5%-1000%),fast response time(450 ms),and short recovery time(350 ms),excellent fatigue resistance,and strain response stability.Furthermore,the PAATC-based triboelectric nanogener-ator(TENG)displayed outstanding energy harvesting performance,which shows its potential for appli-cation in self-powered electronic devices.展开更多
A highly efficient and re liable topology-dual buck half bridge inverter (DBI) is introduced. The existenc e of discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation state requires the bias of in du ctor current for DBI imple...A highly efficient and re liable topology-dual buck half bridge inverter (DBI) is introduced. The existenc e of discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation state requires the bias of in du ctor current for DBI implemented with linear controllers like ramp comparison SP WM (RCSPWM) controllers. A novel operation scheme for DBI and a hysteresis curre nt controlled dual buck half bridge inverter (HCDBI) are proposed. The bias curr ent required by RCSPWM DBI is eliminated and conduction losses are dramatically reduced. HCDBI has greatly improved the modulation performance in DCM region for the benefit of its excellent command tracking capability. The operational schem e and control strategy are presented. Power losses of the conventional half brid ge inverter (CHBI) and HCDBI are compared with mathematical computation, and exp erimental verification is also executed. Both calculational and experimental res ults verify that HCDBI has a superior switching performance over CHBI. Its exce llent high frequency operational capacity provides another access to realize high fre quency operation of inverters.展开更多
The two-parameter Weibull model is used to describe the fiber strength distribution.The stress carried by the intact and fracture fibers on the matrix crack plane during unloading/reloading is determined based on the ...The two-parameter Weibull model is used to describe the fiber strength distribution.The stress carried by the intact and fracture fibers on the matrix crack plane during unloading/reloading is determined based on the global load sharing criterion.The axial stress distribution of intact fibers upon unloading and reloading is determined based on the mechanisms of fiber sliding relative to matrix in the interface debonded region.The interface debonded length,unloading interface counter slip length,and reloading interface new slip length are obtained by the fracture mechanics approach.The hysteresis loops corresponding to different stresses considering fiber failure are compared with the cases without considering fiber failure.The effects of fiber characteristic strength and fiber Weibull modulus on the fiber failure,the shape,and the area of the hysteresis loops are analyzed.The predicted quasi-static unloading/reloading hysteresis loops agree well with experimental data.展开更多
Chaotic motion and quasi-periodic motion are two common forms of instability in the giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA).Therefore,in the present study we intend to investigate the influences of the system damping coe...Chaotic motion and quasi-periodic motion are two common forms of instability in the giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA).Therefore,in the present study we intend to investigate the influences of the system damping coefficient,system stiffness coefficient,disc spring cubic stiffness factor,and the excitation force and frequency on the output stability and the hysteresis vibration of the GMA.In this regard,the nonlinear piezomagnetic equation,Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model,quadratic domain rotation model,and the GMA structural dynamics are used to establish the mathematical model of the hysteresis vibration system of the GMA.Moreover,the multi-scale method and the singularity theory are used to determine the eo-dimensional two-bifurcation characteristics of the system.Then,the output response of the system is simulated to determine the variation range of each parameter when chaos is imposed.Finally,the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to obtain the time domain waveform,phase portrait and Poincare mapping diagrams of the system.Subsequently,the obtained three graphs are analyzed.The obtained results show that when the system output is stable,the variation range of each parameter can be determined.Moreover,the stability interval of system damping coefficient,system stiffness coefficient,and the coefficient of the cubic stiffness term of the disc spring are obtained.Furthermore,the stability interval of the exciting force and the excitation frequency are determined.展开更多
Rock joints exhibit hysteresis shearing behavior and produce energy dissipation under shear cyclic loads,which however cannot be accurately depicted by existing constitutive models. This paper establishes a constituti...Rock joints exhibit hysteresis shearing behavior and produce energy dissipation under shear cyclic loads,which however cannot be accurately depicted by existing constitutive models. This paper establishes a constitutive model for hysteresis shearing and associated energy dissipation of rock joints. Analytical expressions of the model during cyclic shearing processes are derived. Derivation of the model indicates no energy dissipation in the elastic stage. When the shear load exceeds elastic boundary, nonlinear energy dissipation takes place. Validations with experiments show that the proposed model provides good conformities with direct shear curves and hysteresis loops, and can predict the energy dissipation characteristics of rock joints under different working conditions. Compared to the constitutive models using Weibull's distribution, the proposed one is smooth at the elastic boundary and can accurately capture the maximum shear stress. Unlike the existing incremental-type models, the proposed one provides clear and direct analytical expressions for both shear stress and energy dissipation during the whole displacement domain, which is more convenient in application.展开更多
The phenomena of bifurcation,chaos and hysteresis of electrodynamic cone loudspeaker have been investegated experimentally in mid-frequency range.The frequency spectrum,as well as the phase diagram in frequency-voltag...The phenomena of bifurcation,chaos and hysteresis of electrodynamic cone loudspeaker have been investegated experimentally in mid-frequency range.The frequency spectrum,as well as the phase diagram in frequency-voltage phane,of bifurcation and chaos is given.The hysteresis phenomenon is observed clearly from frequency response curve.展开更多
This paper addresses a nonlinear partial differential control system arising in population dynamics.The system consist of three diffusion equations describing the evolutions of three biological species:prey,predator,a...This paper addresses a nonlinear partial differential control system arising in population dynamics.The system consist of three diffusion equations describing the evolutions of three biological species:prey,predator,and food for the prey or vegetation.The equation for the food density incorporates a hysteresis operator of generalized stop type accounting for underlying hysteresis effects occurring in the dynamical process.We study the problem of minimization of a given integral cost functional over solutions of the above system.The set-valued mapping defining the control constraint is state-dependent and its values are nonconvex as is the cost integrand as a function of the control variable.Some relaxationtype results for the minimization problem are obtained and the existence of a nearly optimal solution is established.展开更多
A new hysteresis compensation method is presented.After analyzing the characteristics of strain-gage based load cells under loading & unloading conditions, mathe-matical models are established.A solution to compen...A new hysteresis compensation method is presented.After analyzing the characteristics of strain-gage based load cells under loading & unloading conditions, mathe-matical models are established.A solution to compensate the hysteresis of the load cell by the experiments.It is shown that the method is reliable and can effectively re-duce the hysteresis.展开更多
The viscoelasticity and subharmonic generation of a kind of lipid ultrasound contrast agent are investigated. Based on the measurement of the sound attenuation spectrum, the viscoelasticity of the lipid shell is estim...The viscoelasticity and subharmonic generation of a kind of lipid ultrasound contrast agent are investigated. Based on the measurement of the sound attenuation spectrum, the viscoelasticity of the lipid shell is estimated by use of an optimization method. Shear modulus Gs=10MPa and shear viscosity μs=1.49N.S/m^2 are obtained. The nonlinear oscillation of the encapsulated microbubble is studied with Church＇s model theoretically and experimentally. Especially, the dependence of subharmonic on the incident acoustic pressure is studied. The results reveal that the development of the subharmonic undergoes three stages, i.e. occurrence, growth and saturation, and that hysteresis appears in descending ramp insonation.展开更多
The magneto-rheological damper （MRD） is a promising device used in vehicle semi-active suspension systems, for its continuous adjustable damping output. However, the innate nonlinear hysteresis characteristic of MRD...The magneto-rheological damper （MRD） is a promising device used in vehicle semi-active suspension systems, for its continuous adjustable damping output. However, the innate nonlinear hysteresis characteristic of MRD may cause the nonlinear behaviors. In this work, a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） MR suspension system was established first, by employing the modified Bouc-Wen force-velocity （F-v） hysteretic model. The nonlinear dynamic response of the system was investigated under the external excitation of single-frequency harmonic and bandwidth-limited stochastic road surface. The largest Lyapunov exponent （LLE） was used to detect the chaotic area of the frequency and amplitude of harmonic excitation, and the bifurcation diagrams, time histories, phase portraits, and power spectrum density （PSD） diagrams were used to reveal the dynamic evolution process in detail. Moreover, the LLE and Kolmogorov entropy （K entropy） were used to identify whether the system response was random or chaotic under stochastic road surface. The results demonstrated that the complex dynamical behaviors occur under different external excitation conditions. The oscillating mechanism of alternating periodic oscillations, quasi-periodic oscillations, and chaotic oscillations was observed in detail. The chaotic regions revealed that chaotic motions may appear in conditions of mid-low frequency and large amplitude, as well as small amplitude and all frequency. The obtained parameter regions where the chaotic motions may appear are useful for design of structural parameters of the vibration isolation, and the optimization of control strategy for MR suspension system.展开更多
In the past two decades,a lot of high-capacity conversion-type metal oxides have been intensively studied as alternative anode materials for Li-ion batteries with higher energy density.Unfortunately,their large voltag...In the past two decades,a lot of high-capacity conversion-type metal oxides have been intensively studied as alternative anode materials for Li-ion batteries with higher energy density.Unfortunately,their large voltage hysteresis(0.8-1.2 V) within reversed conversion reactions results in huge round-trip inefficiencies and thus lower energy efficiency(50%-75%) in full cells than those with graphite anodes.This remains a long-term open question and has been the most serious drawback toward application of metal oxide anodes.Here we clarify the origins of voltage hysteresis in the typical SnO2anode and propose a universal strategy to minimize it.With the established in situ phosphating to generate metal phosphates during reversed conversion reactions in synergy with boosted reaction kinetics by the added P and Mo,the huge voltage hysteresis of 0.9 V in SnO_(2),SnO_(2)-Mo,and 0.6 V in SnO2-P anodes is minimized to 0.3 V in a ternary SnO_(2)-Mo-P(SOMP) composite,along with stable high capacity of 936 mA h g^(-1)after 800 cycles.The small voltage hysteresis can remain stable even the SOMP anode operated at high current rate of10 A g^(-1)and wide-range temperatures from 60 to 30℃,resulting in a high energy efficiency of88.5% in full cells.This effective strategy to minimize voltage hysteresis has also been demonstrated in Fe2O3,Co3O4-basded conversion-type anodes.This work provides important guidance to advance the high-capacity metal oxide anodes from laboratory to industrialization.展开更多
Contact angle hysteresis(CAH) is one of the significant physical phenomena in electrowetting on dielectric(EWOD).In this work, a theoretical model is proposed to characterize electrowetting evolution on substrates wit...Contact angle hysteresis(CAH) is one of the significant physical phenomena in electrowetting on dielectric(EWOD).In this work, a theoretical model is proposed to characterize electrowetting evolution on substrates with CAH, and the relationship among apparent contact angle, potential, and some other parameters is quantified. And this theory is also validated experimentally. The results indicate that our theory and equation based on energy balance succeed in describing the electrowetting response of potential with significant contact angle hysteresis. The CAH in EWOD, ranging from 0° to about 20° in electrowetting cycle, increases with the increase of voltage and climbs up to about 20° when voltage is increased to about 38 V, and then decreases to zero with the further increase of voltage.展开更多
An approach of dealing with contact angle hysteresis in lattice Boltzmann method is introduced in detail.The approach is also used to investigate droplet behaviors on surfaces of chemical inhomogeneities or roughness(...An approach of dealing with contact angle hysteresis in lattice Boltzmann method is introduced in detail.The approach is also used to investigate droplet behaviors on surfaces of chemical inhomogeneities or roughness(non-ideal surfaces).Droplet slipping on surfaces under gravity or in shear flows,and droplet impacting on surfaces are numerically simulated.It is found that the present approach is suitable to model droplet motions on non-ideal surfaces and the contact angle hysteresis has an obvious effect on the motion of droplets.展开更多
基金provided by the China Scholarship Council(No.202006430006)and the University of Wollongongsupported by the ACARP Projects(Nos.C28006 and C35015)support from the Coal Services Health and Safety Trust(No.20661)。
文摘Methane(CH_(4))and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))are primary components of coal seam gas(CSG).Understanding their adsorption-desorption hysteresis characteristics,along with the fundamental mechanism,is crucial for CSG exploitation and related hazards mitigation.This research focused on the representative Bulli coal seam in the Sydney Basin,Australia.Through the purpose-built indirect gravimetric high-pressure isothermal adsorption-desorption hysteresis experiment,a novel Langmuir-based desorption model,incorporating hysteresis effect and residual gas,was proposed.Quantitative characterization of the adsorption-desorption hysteresis degrees of CO_(2)and CH_(4)i n coal particles of various sizes and inΦ50mm 100 mm intact coal samples were achieved using the improved hysteresis index(IHI).The experimental findings validated that the proposed desorption model accurately describes the desorption behavior of CO_(2)and CH_(4)in coal(R^(2)>0.99).Based on the adsorption-desorption properties of inkbottle-shaped micropores and pore deformation caused by gas adsorption-induced coal expansion,the occurrence mechanism of adsorption–desorption hysteresis and the fundamental reasons for the presence of residual gas were elucidated.Furthermore,the study explored the impact of CO_(2)and CH_(4)adsorption-desorption hysteresis effects on coal and gas outbursts,suggesting that coal seams rich in CO_(2)do not have a higher propensity for outbursts than those rich in CH_(4).
基金supported by the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(Grant No.2024SDXHDX0007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12474131)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2022M722845 and 2023T160586)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.LR23A040001)the Research Center for Industries of the Future(RCIF)at Westlake University(Grant No.WU2023C009)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2020YFA0308800 and 2022YFA1403400)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.Z210006).The authors thank the support provided by Dr.Chao Zhang from Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences at Westlake University.
文摘The hysteresis of magnetoresistance observed in superconductors is of great interest due to its potential connectionwith unconventional superconductivity.In this study,we perform electrical transport measurements on kagome superconductorCsV_(3)Sb_(5)nanoflakes and uncover unusual hysteretic behavior of magnetoresistance in the superconducting state.This hysteresis can be induced by applying either a large DC or AC current at temperatures(T)well below the superconductingtransition temperature(T_(c)).As T approaches T_(c),similar weak hysteresis is also detected by applying a smallcurrent.Various scenarios are discussed,with particular focus on the effects of vortex pinning and the presence of timereversal-symmtery-breaking superconducting domains.Our findings support the latter,hinting at chiral superconductivityin kagome superconductors.
基金Project supported by the Science Fund of the Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology(Grant Nos.CRYO20230203 and CRYO202106)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51872299 and 52071223)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0704904)。
文摘Solid-state cooling technologies have been considered as potential alternatives for vapor compression cooling systems.The search for refrigeration materials displaying a unique combination of pronounced caloric effect,low hysteresis,and high reversibility on phase transformation was very active in recent years.Here,we achieved increase in the elastocaloric reversibility and decrease in the friction dissipation of martensite transformations in the superelastic nano-grained NiTi alloys obtained by cold rolling and annealing treatment,with very low stress hysteresis(6.3 MPa)under a large applied strain(5%).Large adiabatic temperature changes(△T_(max)=16.3 K atε=5%)and moderate COP_(mater)values(maximum COP_(mater)=11.8 atε=2%)were achieved.The present nano-grained NiTi alloys exhibited great potential for applications as a highly efficient elastocaloric material.
基金This work was supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52021003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51835006)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52222509,52105301,U19A20103)Jilin University Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(Grant No.2020TD-03)Interdisciplinary Integration and Innovation Project of JLU(Grant No.JLUXKJC2021ZZ03)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Grant No.20220101220JC)Education Department of Jilin Province(Grant No.JJKH20220979KJ)Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(2023CX077)supported by“Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.”。
文摘Flexible strain sensors are promising in sensing minuscule mechanical signals,and thereby widely used in various advanced fields.However,the effective integration of hypersensitivity and highly selective response into one flexible strain sensor remains a huge challenge.Herein,inspired by the hysteresis strategy of the scorpion slit receptor,a bio-inspired flexible strain sensor(BFSS)with parallel through-slit arrays is designed and fabricated.Specifically,BFSS consists of conductive monolayer graphene and viscoelastic styrene–isoprene–styrene block copolymer.Under the synergistic effect of the bio-inspired slit structures and flexible viscoelastic materials,BFSS can achieve both hypersensitivity and highly selective frequency response.Remarkably,the BFSS exhibits a high gage factor of 657.36,and a precise identification of vibration frequencies at a resolution of 0.2 Hz through undergoing different morphological changes to high-frequency vibration and low-frequency vibration.Moreover,the BFSS possesses a wide frequency detection range(103 Hz)and stable durability(1000 cycles).It can sense and recognize vibration signals with different characteristics,including the frequency,amplitude,and waveform.This work,which turns the hysteresis effect into a"treasure,"can provide new design ideas for sensors for potential applications including human–computer interaction and health monitoring of mechanical equipment.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52002356)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M672269)the National Key R&D program of China (2019YFA0706802)
文摘In this study,the hydrogel network was reinforced by covalent-like hydrogen bonding,and the strong binding ability of boron-nitrogen coordination served as the main driving force.Among them,acrylamide(AM)and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid(AAPBA)were the main body,and the numerous hydroxyl groups in the trehalose(Treh)molecule and other polymer groups formed strong hydrogen bonding interactions to improve the mechanical properties of the PAM/PAAPBA/Treh(PAAT)hydrogel and ensured the simplicity of the synthesis process.The hydrogel possessed high strain at break(1239%),stress(64.7 kPa),low hysteresis(100%to 500%strain,corresponding to dissipation energy from 1.37 to 7.80 kJ/m^(3)),and outstanding cycling stability(retained more than 90%of maximum stress after 200 ten-sile cycles).By integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)into PAAT hydrogel(PAATC),the PAATC hydrogel with excellent strain response performance was successfully constructed.The PAATC conductive hydro-gel exhibited high sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)=10.58 and sensitivity(S)=0.304 kPa^(-1)),wide strain response range(0.5%-1000%),fast response time(450 ms),and short recovery time(350 ms),excellent fatigue resistance,and strain response stability.Furthermore,the PAATC-based triboelectric nanogener-ator(TENG)displayed outstanding energy harvesting performance,which shows its potential for appli-cation in self-powered electronic devices.
文摘A highly efficient and re liable topology-dual buck half bridge inverter (DBI) is introduced. The existenc e of discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation state requires the bias of in du ctor current for DBI implemented with linear controllers like ramp comparison SP WM (RCSPWM) controllers. A novel operation scheme for DBI and a hysteresis curre nt controlled dual buck half bridge inverter (HCDBI) are proposed. The bias curr ent required by RCSPWM DBI is eliminated and conduction losses are dramatically reduced. HCDBI has greatly improved the modulation performance in DCM region for the benefit of its excellent command tracking capability. The operational schem e and control strategy are presented. Power losses of the conventional half brid ge inverter (CHBI) and HCDBI are compared with mathematical computation, and exp erimental verification is also executed. Both calculational and experimental res ults verify that HCDBI has a superior switching performance over CHBI. Its exce llent high frequency operational capacity provides another access to realize high fre quency operation of inverters.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51075204)the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province(CX08B-133Z)the Doctoral Innovation Foundation of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(BCXJ08-05)~~
文摘The two-parameter Weibull model is used to describe the fiber strength distribution.The stress carried by the intact and fracture fibers on the matrix crack plane during unloading/reloading is determined based on the global load sharing criterion.The axial stress distribution of intact fibers upon unloading and reloading is determined based on the mechanisms of fiber sliding relative to matrix in the interface debonded region.The interface debonded length,unloading interface counter slip length,and reloading interface new slip length are obtained by the fracture mechanics approach.The hysteresis loops corresponding to different stresses considering fiber failure are compared with the cases without considering fiber failure.The effects of fiber characteristic strength and fiber Weibull modulus on the fiber failure,the shape,and the area of the hysteresis loops are analyzed.The predicted quasi-static unloading/reloading hysteresis loops agree well with experimental data.
基金Project supported by the Science Fund from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2017M010660)the Major Project of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China(Grant No.2018ZD10).
文摘Chaotic motion and quasi-periodic motion are two common forms of instability in the giant magnetostrictive actuator(GMA).Therefore,in the present study we intend to investigate the influences of the system damping coefficient,system stiffness coefficient,disc spring cubic stiffness factor,and the excitation force and frequency on the output stability and the hysteresis vibration of the GMA.In this regard,the nonlinear piezomagnetic equation,Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model,quadratic domain rotation model,and the GMA structural dynamics are used to establish the mathematical model of the hysteresis vibration system of the GMA.Moreover,the multi-scale method and the singularity theory are used to determine the eo-dimensional two-bifurcation characteristics of the system.Then,the output response of the system is simulated to determine the variation range of each parameter when chaos is imposed.Finally,the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to obtain the time domain waveform,phase portrait and Poincare mapping diagrams of the system.Subsequently,the obtained three graphs are analyzed.The obtained results show that when the system output is stable,the variation range of each parameter can be determined.Moreover,the stability interval of system damping coefficient,system stiffness coefficient,and the coefficient of the cubic stiffness term of the disc spring are obtained.Furthermore,the stability interval of the exciting force and the excitation frequency are determined.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51974171)the Major Program of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2019ZD13)the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Provincial Key Research Development Program (No. 2019SDZY02)。
文摘Rock joints exhibit hysteresis shearing behavior and produce energy dissipation under shear cyclic loads,which however cannot be accurately depicted by existing constitutive models. This paper establishes a constitutive model for hysteresis shearing and associated energy dissipation of rock joints. Analytical expressions of the model during cyclic shearing processes are derived. Derivation of the model indicates no energy dissipation in the elastic stage. When the shear load exceeds elastic boundary, nonlinear energy dissipation takes place. Validations with experiments show that the proposed model provides good conformities with direct shear curves and hysteresis loops, and can predict the energy dissipation characteristics of rock joints under different working conditions. Compared to the constitutive models using Weibull's distribution, the proposed one is smooth at the elastic boundary and can accurately capture the maximum shear stress. Unlike the existing incremental-type models, the proposed one provides clear and direct analytical expressions for both shear stress and energy dissipation during the whole displacement domain, which is more convenient in application.
基金supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China.
文摘The phenomena of bifurcation,chaos and hysteresis of electrodynamic cone loudspeaker have been investegated experimentally in mid-frequency range.The frequency spectrum,as well as the phase diagram in frequency-voltage phane,of bifurcation and chaos is given.The hysteresis phenomenon is observed clearly from frequency response curve.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071165 and 62076104)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2020J01072)+2 种基金Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University,Quanzhou High-Level Talents Support Plan(2017ZT012)Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University(605-50Y 19017,605-50Y14040)supported by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation(075-15-2020-787,large scientific project"Fundamentals,methods and technologies for digital monitoring and forecasting of the environmental situation on the Baikal natural territory")。
文摘This paper addresses a nonlinear partial differential control system arising in population dynamics.The system consist of three diffusion equations describing the evolutions of three biological species:prey,predator,and food for the prey or vegetation.The equation for the food density incorporates a hysteresis operator of generalized stop type accounting for underlying hysteresis effects occurring in the dynamical process.We study the problem of minimization of a given integral cost functional over solutions of the above system.The set-valued mapping defining the control constraint is state-dependent and its values are nonconvex as is the cost integrand as a function of the control variable.Some relaxationtype results for the minimization problem are obtained and the existence of a nearly optimal solution is established.
文摘A new hysteresis compensation method is presented.After analyzing the characteristics of strain-gage based load cells under loading & unloading conditions, mathe-matical models are established.A solution to compensate the hysteresis of the load cell by the experiments.It is shown that the method is reliable and can effectively re-duce the hysteresis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 10274032 and 320200265）, National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China （Grant No BK2004081）.
文摘The viscoelasticity and subharmonic generation of a kind of lipid ultrasound contrast agent are investigated. Based on the measurement of the sound attenuation spectrum, the viscoelasticity of the lipid shell is estimated by use of an optimization method. Shear modulus Gs=10MPa and shear viscosity μs=1.49N.S/m^2 are obtained. The nonlinear oscillation of the encapsulated microbubble is studied with Church＇s model theoretically and experimentally. Especially, the dependence of subharmonic on the incident acoustic pressure is studied. The results reveal that the development of the subharmonic undergoes three stages, i.e. occurrence, growth and saturation, and that hysteresis appears in descending ramp insonation.
基金Projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51475246,51277098,and 51075215)the Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province China(Grant No.KYLX15 0725)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20131402)
文摘The magneto-rheological damper （MRD） is a promising device used in vehicle semi-active suspension systems, for its continuous adjustable damping output. However, the innate nonlinear hysteresis characteristic of MRD may cause the nonlinear behaviors. In this work, a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） MR suspension system was established first, by employing the modified Bouc-Wen force-velocity （F-v） hysteretic model. The nonlinear dynamic response of the system was investigated under the external excitation of single-frequency harmonic and bandwidth-limited stochastic road surface. The largest Lyapunov exponent （LLE） was used to detect the chaotic area of the frequency and amplitude of harmonic excitation, and the bifurcation diagrams, time histories, phase portraits, and power spectrum density （PSD） diagrams were used to reveal the dynamic evolution process in detail. Moreover, the LLE and Kolmogorov entropy （K entropy） were used to identify whether the system response was random or chaotic under stochastic road surface. The results demonstrated that the complex dynamical behaviors occur under different external excitation conditions. The oscillating mechanism of alternating periodic oscillations, quasi-periodic oscillations, and chaotic oscillations was observed in detail. The chaotic regions revealed that chaotic motions may appear in conditions of mid-low frequency and large amplitude, as well as small amplitude and all frequency. The obtained parameter regions where the chaotic motions may appear are useful for design of structural parameters of the vibration isolation, and the optimization of control strategy for MR suspension system.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52071144, 52231009,51831009, 51901043)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2023B1515040011)+1 种基金the Guangzhou Key Research and Development Program (No. 202103040001)the TCL Science and Technology Innovation Fund (No.20222055)。
文摘In the past two decades,a lot of high-capacity conversion-type metal oxides have been intensively studied as alternative anode materials for Li-ion batteries with higher energy density.Unfortunately,their large voltage hysteresis(0.8-1.2 V) within reversed conversion reactions results in huge round-trip inefficiencies and thus lower energy efficiency(50%-75%) in full cells than those with graphite anodes.This remains a long-term open question and has been the most serious drawback toward application of metal oxide anodes.Here we clarify the origins of voltage hysteresis in the typical SnO2anode and propose a universal strategy to minimize it.With the established in situ phosphating to generate metal phosphates during reversed conversion reactions in synergy with boosted reaction kinetics by the added P and Mo,the huge voltage hysteresis of 0.9 V in SnO_(2),SnO_(2)-Mo,and 0.6 V in SnO2-P anodes is minimized to 0.3 V in a ternary SnO_(2)-Mo-P(SOMP) composite,along with stable high capacity of 936 mA h g^(-1)after 800 cycles.The small voltage hysteresis can remain stable even the SOMP anode operated at high current rate of10 A g^(-1)and wide-range temperatures from 60 to 30℃,resulting in a high energy efficiency of88.5% in full cells.This effective strategy to minimize voltage hysteresis has also been demonstrated in Fe2O3,Co3O4-basded conversion-type anodes.This work provides important guidance to advance the high-capacity metal oxide anodes from laboratory to industrialization.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK2011752)
文摘Contact angle hysteresis(CAH) is one of the significant physical phenomena in electrowetting on dielectric(EWOD).In this work, a theoretical model is proposed to characterize electrowetting evolution on substrates with CAH, and the relationship among apparent contact angle, potential, and some other parameters is quantified. And this theory is also validated experimentally. The results indicate that our theory and equation based on energy balance succeed in describing the electrowetting response of potential with significant contact angle hysteresis. The CAH in EWOD, ranging from 0° to about 20° in electrowetting cycle, increases with the increase of voltage and climbs up to about 20° when voltage is increased to about 38 V, and then decreases to zero with the further increase of voltage.
文摘An approach of dealing with contact angle hysteresis in lattice Boltzmann method is introduced in detail.The approach is also used to investigate droplet behaviors on surfaces of chemical inhomogeneities or roughness(non-ideal surfaces).Droplet slipping on surfaces under gravity or in shear flows,and droplet impacting on surfaces are numerically simulated.It is found that the present approach is suitable to model droplet motions on non-ideal surfaces and the contact angle hysteresis has an obvious effect on the motion of droplets.
