To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA...To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.展开更多
运用引文分析理论,利用Web of Science引文数据库,从知识受馈、回馈和自馈视角对体育科学自1930年以来的学科互动现象进行分析,并使用帕累托分析法界定体育科学的亲缘学科、近缘学科与远缘学科.结果表明：整体上看,体育科学还属于“知...运用引文分析理论,利用Web of Science引文数据库,从知识受馈、回馈和自馈视角对体育科学自1930年以来的学科互动现象进行分析,并使用帕累托分析法界定体育科学的亲缘学科、近缘学科与远缘学科.结果表明：整体上看,体育科学还属于“知识输入型”学科,知识输入与知识输出之比为1.7：1;体育科学的发展,受馈于生命科学与生物医学、社会科学、应用科学、自然科学、艺术与人文科学等5大科学部类的所有150个学科的知识供给与支持,其中,生命科学与生物医学是最主要的知识来源,占总引用量的84.21％;生理学、骨科学、神经系统科学和神经病学、心理学、外科学等5个学科的引用次数之和达到总引用量的50.63％,是体育科学最主要的支撑学科;体育科学以其他学科的知识来生产、创造和发展自身知识体系,并以创造性转化后的知识对以上5大科学部类和所有150个学科也产生了较大的影响,但影响力很不均衡,且处在动态变化之中;体育科学引用自身知识和体育科学知识被自身引用的比例为21％～24％,从20世纪50年代开始呈明显上升趋势,知识自我供给能力不断增强;不同科学部类的亲缘学科、近缘学科与远缘学科,随着社会的发展、体育科学历史责任的转变和学术研究的不断深入在不同时期呈现较大的变化.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB1600601)the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Civil Aviation Administration of China(U1933106)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Educational Committee(2019KJ134)the Natural Science Foundation of TianjinIntelligent Civil Aviation Program(21JCQNJ C00900)。
文摘To solve the problem of risk identification and quantitative assessment for human-computer interaction(HCI)in complex avionics systems,an HCI safety analysis framework based on system-theoretical process analysis(STPA)and cognitive reliability and error analysis method(CREAM)is proposed.STPACREAM can identify unsafe control actions and find the causal path during the interaction of avionics systems and pilot with the help of formal verification tools automatically.The common performance conditions(CPC)of avionics systems in the aviation environment is established and a quantitative analysis of human failure is carried out.Taking the head-up display(HUD)system interaction process as an example,a case analysis is carried out,the layered safety control structure and formal model of the HUD interaction process are established.For the interactive behavior“Pilots approaching with HUD”,four unsafe control actions and35 causal scenarios are identified and the impact of common performance conditions at different levels on the pilot decision model are analyzed.The results show that HUD's HCI level gradually improves as the scores of CPC increase,and the quality of crew member cooperation and time sufficiency of the task is the key to its HCI.Through case analysis,it is shown that STPACREAM can quantitatively assess the hazards in HCI and identify the key factors that impact safety.
文摘运用引文分析理论,利用Web of Science引文数据库,从知识受馈、回馈和自馈视角对体育科学自1930年以来的学科互动现象进行分析,并使用帕累托分析法界定体育科学的亲缘学科、近缘学科与远缘学科.结果表明：整体上看,体育科学还属于“知识输入型”学科,知识输入与知识输出之比为1.7：1;体育科学的发展,受馈于生命科学与生物医学、社会科学、应用科学、自然科学、艺术与人文科学等5大科学部类的所有150个学科的知识供给与支持,其中,生命科学与生物医学是最主要的知识来源,占总引用量的84.21％;生理学、骨科学、神经系统科学和神经病学、心理学、外科学等5个学科的引用次数之和达到总引用量的50.63％,是体育科学最主要的支撑学科;体育科学以其他学科的知识来生产、创造和发展自身知识体系,并以创造性转化后的知识对以上5大科学部类和所有150个学科也产生了较大的影响,但影响力很不均衡,且处在动态变化之中;体育科学引用自身知识和体育科学知识被自身引用的比例为21％～24％,从20世纪50年代开始呈明显上升趋势,知识自我供给能力不断增强;不同科学部类的亲缘学科、近缘学科与远缘学科,随着社会的发展、体育科学历史责任的转变和学术研究的不断深入在不同时期呈现较大的变化.
