A series of tests of a full-scale river icebreaker was conducted to investigate the characteristics of ice-induced hull vibration.The test was conducted when the river icebreaker was operating in an ice-covered river ...A series of tests of a full-scale river icebreaker was conducted to investigate the characteristics of ice-induced hull vibration.The test was conducted when the river icebreaker was operating in an ice-covered river at temperatures of-4 to 0°C with ice thicknesses of 300 to 400 mm.In the tests,the ice condition and icebreaker speed were chosen as the main influence factors.By analyzing the measured test data,we identified some important points regarding ice-induced hull vibration.When the river icebreaker navigates in an area with complete ice coverage,the peak value of the acceleration amplitude spectrum is highest.Also,the vibration response excited by the icebreaking load in an area with complete ice coverage exhibits more frequencies.With an increase in icebreaker speed,the vibration acceleration response gradually increases.However,habitability of the bow region on the main and driving decks is maintained due to the harmless vibration levels.In addition,the icebreaking operation of the river icebreaker causes violent local vibration of the grillage on the main deck.展开更多
In geological history, one major life explosion and five mass extinction events occurred. These major biological and environmental events affected the evolution of the Earth ecosystem and controlled the formation of o...In geological history, one major life explosion and five mass extinction events occurred. These major biological and environmental events affected the evolution of the Earth ecosystem and controlled the formation of organic-rich strata. The life explosion occurred in Cambrian and the five mass extinction events happened at the end of Ordovician, Late Devonian, end of Permian, end of Triassic, and end of Cretaceous, respectively. They are corresponded to the formation of multiple suites of organic-rich strata globally, which are crucial to the formation, evolution and distribution of the fossil energy on Earth. China’s energy is characterized by "unlimited new energy, rich in coal but insufficient in oil and gas ", and it is determined to rely on new energy sources to achieve " energy independence " and carbon neutrality. From the perspective of the Earth system evolution, we investigate the multiple relationships between energy and Earth, energy and environment, as well as energy and human beings, and carry out comprehensive research on energy. Energy science refers to the science of studying the various energy sources formation and distribution, evaluation and selection, production and utilization, orderly replacement, development prospects, etc. in temporal and spatial scales based on the evolution of the Earth system. The connotation of energy science includes three core contents:(1) The relationship between the Earth and energy, including the formation of energy in the Earth system and the feedback of energy consumption to the Earth’s climate and environment;(2) The relationship between the Earth environment and the human beings, including the Earth environment breeding human beings and human activities transforming the earth environment;(3) The relationship between the energy and the human beings, including the development of energy technology by human beings and the progress of human society driven by energy utilization. The energy science focuses on the formation and development of fossil energy, development and orderly replacement of new energy, exploration and utilization of energy in deep earth and deep space, and energy development strategy and planning. The proposal of energy science is of great significance for improving the discipline system, promoting energy development, clarifying the development direction of energy transition, driving the carbon neutral geology research and constructing a habitable Earth.展开更多
Today, education became more and more vital. Under the influence of International Trade, English education and study is payed much more attention. Good methods of teaching English can not only help students study happ...Today, education became more and more vital. Under the influence of International Trade, English education and study is payed much more attention. Good methods of teaching English can not only help students study happily but also efficiently.So it is very important to explore good ways of teaching English.展开更多
As is universally acknowledged,educators have endeavored for ages to seek the more effective teaching method.Then action research has become a tool which is frequently applied to the teaching practice aiming to locate...As is universally acknowledged,educators have endeavored for ages to seek the more effective teaching method.Then action research has become a tool which is frequently applied to the teaching practice aiming to locate the teaching mode satisfactory to both teachers and students.The English majors are required to pass the TEM-4 exam when they are sophomores.It is essential for them to acquire the effective learning skills from reading classes.But it seems that vocabulary and grammar study—so called the traditional teaching method prove boring to students.Therefore,the tapestry approach is put forward.But the question is though the tapestry approach stimulates students’interest,can it can improve their English level?In order to figure out the result,two classes will be chosen in this research—one is controlled class,the other is experimental class.The traditional teaching method and the tapestry approach will be used in these two classes respectively.The experiment will last one semester.The students will be tested on two same TEM-4 papers at the beginning and at the end of the semester.The data will be collected for comparison.If the experimental class get the higher scores in the TEM-4 paper,it demonstrates that the tapestry approach is successful in balancing the need for interests and the need for English improvement.展开更多
Hainan eldi’s deer is a precious species of deer in the tropic zone,it is regardedas the first—class animal under protection in China.Based on all-year-round observation on thedeer’s feeding habit in the reserve fr...Hainan eldi’s deer is a precious species of deer in the tropic zone,it is regardedas the first—class animal under protection in China.Based on all-year-round observation on thedeer’s feeding habit in the reserve from 1985 to 1988,we discovered that Hainan eldi’s deer is aeuryphangous herbivore.They take various herbs as their main food and have fairly strongselectivity for woody plants,especially tending to eat the tender parts of plants and some fruits andflowers.Like other species of deer,they also like to lick the alkaline soil.This paper reports the re-search and evaluation on the feeding and choosing food characteristics of Hainan eldi’s deer,and onthe palatability of the main plants in the reserve.展开更多
Renewable energy is clearly a very important topic nowadays. The risk and the damage that could be caused by conventional energy resources cannot be hidden. There is an enormous need that people start formulating a be...Renewable energy is clearly a very important topic nowadays. The risk and the damage that could be caused by conventional energy resources cannot be hidden. There is an enormous need that people start formulating a better attitude towards renewable energy and change their consumption behaviour. Otherwise, the future of environment and the coming generations is defiantly not going to be promising. This paper will discuss the importance of sustainable energy and how the energy related behaviour is created. It will present a framework to influence the current behaviour and push it to be more green oriented. It is also important to know till what limit are governments responsible in this change, and what are the tools that they have to push towards green direction.展开更多
The food habits of Wild ass (Equus hemionus)and Goitred gazelle (Gazeds subgutturosa) in kalamaili ungulate Reserve in autumn was described, based on the investigation conducted in 1992. wild ass was much concentrated...The food habits of Wild ass (Equus hemionus)and Goitred gazelle (Gazeds subgutturosa) in kalamaili ungulate Reserve in autumn was described, based on the investigation conducted in 1992. wild ass was much concentrated around water sources, and had more food resource than Goitred gezelle. The quagmires in the reserve were critical conditions as food and water bases for both species. In terms of present survey, it was estimated that 680 Wild ass and 8840 Goitred gazelle lived in this reserve.展开更多
Four future missions for deep space exploration and future space-based exoplanet surveys on habitable planets by 2030 are scheduled to be launched.Two Mars exploration missions are designed to investigate geological s...Four future missions for deep space exploration and future space-based exoplanet surveys on habitable planets by 2030 are scheduled to be launched.Two Mars exploration missions are designed to investigate geological structure,the material on Martian surface,and retrieve returned samples.The asteroids and main belt comet exploration is expected to explore two objects within 10 years.The small-body mission will aim to land on the asteroid and get samples return to Earth.The basic physical characteristics of the two objects will be obtained through the mission.The exploration of Jupiter system will characterize the environment of Jupiter and the four largest Moons and understand the atmosphere of Jupiter.In addition,we further introduce two space-based exoplanet survey by 2030,Miyin Program and Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey(CHES Mission).Miyin program aims to detect habitable exoplanets using interferometry,while CHES mission expects to discover habitable exoplanets orbiting FGK stars within 10 pc through astrometry.The above-mentioned missions are positively to achieve breakthroughs in the field of planetary science.展开更多
In this paper, food habits of the wolf (Canis lupus) was determined in Inner Monolia, using scat analysis. Results indicated that ungulates were the staple food items(frequency 53.8%, relative biomass 85.2%). In the s...In this paper, food habits of the wolf (Canis lupus) was determined in Inner Monolia, using scat analysis. Results indicated that ungulates were the staple food items(frequency 53.8%, relative biomass 85.2%). In the scats, animals was 40.3% by the frequency of occurrence, and 75.7% by the relative biomass. Compared with the food habits of wolves in Heilongjiang Province, wolves showed a different pattern in prey selection in this ergion. In this study, we estimated the relative biomass of food items, and amount of each prey ingested by a wolf, based on a linear regression equation, y=2.76+0.02x(r=0.997), which was obtained in the feeding trials, It is suggerted that wolves are opportunistic predator. Some suggestions for wolf conservation and management were disussed.展开更多
To investigate the woody species composition,diversity and structure of Kuandisha Afromontane forest,vegetation and environmental data were collected from 53 plots of 10 m 9 50 m for trees and shrubs and 265 subplots ...To investigate the woody species composition,diversity and structure of Kuandisha Afromontane forest,vegetation and environmental data were collected from 53 plots of 10 m 9 50 m for trees and shrubs and 265 subplots of 2 m 9 4 m for seedlings were laid along eight transect lines. The local name, scientific name, abundance,DBH, height and percentage foliage cover of species were recorded. Environmental variables, namely altitude, latitude and longitude as well as disturbance levels were also recorded in each plot. Structure, basal area, importance value index（IVI） and species prioritization were analyzed using spreadsheet programs. Correlation coefficients, frequency, relative frequency, Shannon diversity index,Shannon evenness and vegetation classification were analyzed using an R package. Sixty-six species belonging to40 families were recorded. Fabaceae was the most diverse family consisting of seven species, followed by Euphorbiaceae and Asteraceae. In terms of habit, 29 species were trees, 28 were shrubs, and 9 were lianas. The overall Shannon diversity index was 2.5. The frequency and relative frequency of woody species with DBH C2.5 cm ranged from 1.9 to 92.5 and 0.1 to 5, respectively. Seedling density varied among species ranging from five to 9938 individuals ha-1. The total basal area of woody species having DBH C2.5 cm is 15.3 m2ha-1. The IVI of species ranged from 0.13 for Solanum giganteum Jacq. to 28.4 for Croton macrostachyus Del. The woody vegetation was classified into five community types. Species richness,diversity and evenness of communities were strongly positively correlated. On the other hand, the correlation between disturbance and seedling density, and species richness was strongly negative. Thus, among the recorded woody species, a significant portion was either lacking regeneration or selectively removed for various purposes.The lack of seedlings of those species is mainly attributed to anthropogenic disturbances particularly free grazing. As a result, 14 tree, seven shrub and one liana species were prioritized for conservation and management interventions.展开更多
英语中一部分单词加上前缀in-或un-,可表示“不”、“无”、“非”等否定含义。它们与其同形的词根在意义上通常构成反义,如:correct/incorrect(正确的/不正确的);close/unclose(关、闭/打开)等。但是,有些由前缀in-或un-构成的派生词...英语中一部分单词加上前缀in-或un-,可表示“不”、“无”、“非”等否定含义。它们与其同形的词根在意义上通常构成反义,如:correct/incorrect(正确的/不正确的);close/unclose(关、闭/打开)等。但是,有些由前缀in-或un-构成的派生词却并无否定意义。它们与原词根貌似反义,实则同义或近义,使用时切勿望文生义。如: 1.habit vt.居住在 inhabit vt.居住于 1)They had habited different parts of the globe. 他们曾在世界各地住过。展开更多
In China people share the dishes on the table together from a big dinner party to a family dinner.It is due to the different cooking ways from the West,the different eating ways from the West.It is not good to eat in ...In China people share the dishes on the table together from a big dinner party to a family dinner.It is due to the different cooking ways from the West,the different eating ways from the West.It is not good to eat in the same plate together.Recently some pioneers appeal to establish a new way of eating:using public chopsticks,spoons to get food instead of personal chopsticks,spoons.Now when we advocate the new way of eating,surely we will meet some challenges from the traditional concepts.展开更多
Learning a language is slow and cumulative. No one can learn a language in 24 hours as many advertisements promise you. In fact, people work all their lives to learn languages. So it is important for all the people to...Learning a language is slow and cumulative. No one can learn a language in 24 hours as many advertisements promise you. In fact, people work all their lives to learn languages. So it is important for all the people to develop study habits because developing good habits in learning English will greatly increase studying efficiency and give twice the result with half the effort. In other words, good study habits are the keys to learning English.展开更多
This paper introduced the past and current situation about distribution and population of wolf (Canis Iupus) in different countries. Wolf once distributed widely in the world. lts distribution area has diminished grea...This paper introduced the past and current situation about distribution and population of wolf (Canis Iupus) in different countries. Wolf once distributed widely in the world. lts distribution area has diminished greatly as their living conditions are destroyed, together with persecution from humans. The overall population of wolf is also declining. ln some countries, wolves are endangered or even extinct. Now some countries have pIaced the woIf on the natjonal Iist of protected animals. Alaska of the United States and Canada are the widely distributed areas of wolves in the world.展开更多
The food availability, composition of the diets and selective grazing of the Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) were studied in Hulunber Grassland in Nei Monggol. The food availability of Mongolian gazelle showed ...The food availability, composition of the diets and selective grazing of the Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) were studied in Hulunber Grassland in Nei Monggol. The food availability of Mongolian gazelle showed seasonal changes. The plant biomass was higher in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. The fecal compositions of the gazelle demonstrated that fibrous parts occupied 62.4%, 74.8%, and 66.0% in spring, autumn, and winter, respectively. The Mongolian gazelle preferred to grazeCompositeae, Leguminosae, Allium spp. and other forbs in spring and autumn, while the grasses, such asAneurolepidium chinense andStipa spp. were selectively feeding in winter.展开更多
The feeding habits of the Great Spotted Woodpecker （Picoides major） were surveyed by field observations and trace checking from 2005 to 2007, in Wulate Qianqi County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, during ...The feeding habits of the Great Spotted Woodpecker （Picoides major） were surveyed by field observations and trace checking from 2005 to 2007, in Wulate Qianqi County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, during which the woodpecker performed fourteen types of foraging techniques. Pecking and hammering were most common in winter; gleaning and probing were most common at times of high food availability at the trunk and tree branches during the breeding season and in summer. The woodpecker gleans arthropods and insect larvae in the breeding season and summer, seeds and nuts mainly in the winter and pokes holes for sap-sucking in winter. The main diet consisted of arthropods and plant seeds. The diet was significantly different between seasons The Great Spotted Woodpecker primarily consumes defoliators and the food on tree trunks from March to October. The contribution of wood borers to the diet was higher in winter, lower in the breeding season and summer. The proportion of the food on ground was small in the breeding season and high in the Summer and winter.展开更多
Based on the field survey of the traditional village in Shanggantang,Hunan province,P.R.China,we analyzed ecological strategies in aspects of the whole human habitation environment and vernacular building human habita...Based on the field survey of the traditional village in Shanggantang,Hunan province,P.R.China,we analyzed ecological strategies in aspects of the whole human habitation environment and vernacular building human habitation environment.The ecological strategies included adapting to the local climate,reducing source consumption,utilizing local materials and so on.The research is to provide a reference to practice and theoretical development of eco-folk houses in the area.展开更多
UI 阅读理解 (C) Habits,whether good or bad. are gradually formed.Wh(?)(?) (?) persondoes a certain thing again and again,he is impe led(驱使)by some unseen force to do the same thing (?)(?)peatedly;thus a habit is for...UI 阅读理解 (C) Habits,whether good or bad. are gradually formed.Wh(?)(?) (?) persondoes a certain thing again and again,he is impe led(驱使)by some unseen force to do the same thing (?)(?)peatedly;thus a habit is formed.Once a habit is formed,it isdifficult,and sometimes impossible,to get rid of.It istherefore very important that we should pay great atten-展开更多
Waiting in the elevator’s corner,I watched with fascina-tion as a woman got on,pushed“2”and then“4”.The elevatorascended(上升),stopping at both floors,but she didn’t getoff.“You missed your floor,”I commented....Waiting in the elevator’s corner,I watched with fascina-tion as a woman got on,pushed“2”and then“4”.The elevatorascended(上升),stopping at both floors,but she didn’t getoff.“You missed your floor,”I commented.“I’m going to the twenty-fourth floor.”展开更多
基金This study was funded by the National keyResearch and Development program (2016YFC0303406)FundamentalResearch Funds for the Central University (HEUCFD1515,HEUCFM170113)+2 种基金High Technology Ship Funds of Ministry ofIndustry and Information of China, Assembly Advanced Research Fundof China (No. 6140210020105)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No. 2014M552661)Major innovation projects of High TechnologyShip Funds of Ministry of Industry and Information of China, Navalpre-research project, National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 51209052 and 51 709 063).
文摘A series of tests of a full-scale river icebreaker was conducted to investigate the characteristics of ice-induced hull vibration.The test was conducted when the river icebreaker was operating in an ice-covered river at temperatures of-4 to 0°C with ice thicknesses of 300 to 400 mm.In the tests,the ice condition and icebreaker speed were chosen as the main influence factors.By analyzing the measured test data,we identified some important points regarding ice-induced hull vibration.When the river icebreaker navigates in an area with complete ice coverage,the peak value of the acceleration amplitude spectrum is highest.Also,the vibration response excited by the icebreaking load in an area with complete ice coverage exhibits more frequencies.With an increase in icebreaker speed,the vibration acceleration response gradually increases.However,habitability of the bow region on the main and driving decks is maintained due to the harmless vibration levels.In addition,the icebreaking operation of the river icebreaker causes violent local vibration of the grillage on the main deck.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41902151)。
文摘In geological history, one major life explosion and five mass extinction events occurred. These major biological and environmental events affected the evolution of the Earth ecosystem and controlled the formation of organic-rich strata. The life explosion occurred in Cambrian and the five mass extinction events happened at the end of Ordovician, Late Devonian, end of Permian, end of Triassic, and end of Cretaceous, respectively. They are corresponded to the formation of multiple suites of organic-rich strata globally, which are crucial to the formation, evolution and distribution of the fossil energy on Earth. China’s energy is characterized by "unlimited new energy, rich in coal but insufficient in oil and gas ", and it is determined to rely on new energy sources to achieve " energy independence " and carbon neutrality. From the perspective of the Earth system evolution, we investigate the multiple relationships between energy and Earth, energy and environment, as well as energy and human beings, and carry out comprehensive research on energy. Energy science refers to the science of studying the various energy sources formation and distribution, evaluation and selection, production and utilization, orderly replacement, development prospects, etc. in temporal and spatial scales based on the evolution of the Earth system. The connotation of energy science includes three core contents:(1) The relationship between the Earth and energy, including the formation of energy in the Earth system and the feedback of energy consumption to the Earth’s climate and environment;(2) The relationship between the Earth environment and the human beings, including the Earth environment breeding human beings and human activities transforming the earth environment;(3) The relationship between the energy and the human beings, including the development of energy technology by human beings and the progress of human society driven by energy utilization. The energy science focuses on the formation and development of fossil energy, development and orderly replacement of new energy, exploration and utilization of energy in deep earth and deep space, and energy development strategy and planning. The proposal of energy science is of great significance for improving the discipline system, promoting energy development, clarifying the development direction of energy transition, driving the carbon neutral geology research and constructing a habitable Earth.
文摘Today, education became more and more vital. Under the influence of International Trade, English education and study is payed much more attention. Good methods of teaching English can not only help students study happily but also efficiently.So it is very important to explore good ways of teaching English.
文摘As is universally acknowledged,educators have endeavored for ages to seek the more effective teaching method.Then action research has become a tool which is frequently applied to the teaching practice aiming to locate the teaching mode satisfactory to both teachers and students.The English majors are required to pass the TEM-4 exam when they are sophomores.It is essential for them to acquire the effective learning skills from reading classes.But it seems that vocabulary and grammar study—so called the traditional teaching method prove boring to students.Therefore,the tapestry approach is put forward.But the question is though the tapestry approach stimulates students’interest,can it can improve their English level?In order to figure out the result,two classes will be chosen in this research—one is controlled class,the other is experimental class.The traditional teaching method and the tapestry approach will be used in these two classes respectively.The experiment will last one semester.The students will be tested on two same TEM-4 papers at the beginning and at the end of the semester.The data will be collected for comparison.If the experimental class get the higher scores in the TEM-4 paper,it demonstrates that the tapestry approach is successful in balancing the need for interests and the need for English improvement.
文摘Hainan eldi’s deer is a precious species of deer in the tropic zone,it is regardedas the first—class animal under protection in China.Based on all-year-round observation on thedeer’s feeding habit in the reserve from 1985 to 1988,we discovered that Hainan eldi’s deer is aeuryphangous herbivore.They take various herbs as their main food and have fairly strongselectivity for woody plants,especially tending to eat the tender parts of plants and some fruits andflowers.Like other species of deer,they also like to lick the alkaline soil.This paper reports the re-search and evaluation on the feeding and choosing food characteristics of Hainan eldi’s deer,and onthe palatability of the main plants in the reserve.
文摘Renewable energy is clearly a very important topic nowadays. The risk and the damage that could be caused by conventional energy resources cannot be hidden. There is an enormous need that people start formulating a better attitude towards renewable energy and change their consumption behaviour. Otherwise, the future of environment and the coming generations is defiantly not going to be promising. This paper will discuss the importance of sustainable energy and how the energy related behaviour is created. It will present a framework to influence the current behaviour and push it to be more green oriented. It is also important to know till what limit are governments responsible in this change, and what are the tools that they have to push towards green direction.
文摘The food habits of Wild ass (Equus hemionus)and Goitred gazelle (Gazeds subgutturosa) in kalamaili ungulate Reserve in autumn was described, based on the investigation conducted in 1992. wild ass was much concentrated around water sources, and had more food resource than Goitred gezelle. The quagmires in the reserve were critical conditions as food and water bases for both species. In terms of present survey, it was estimated that 680 Wild ass and 8840 Goitred gazelle lived in this reserve.
基金Supported by the B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB41000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11773081,11573073)CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team,Foundation of Minor Planets of the Purple Mountain Observatory and Youth Innovation Promotion Association。
文摘Four future missions for deep space exploration and future space-based exoplanet surveys on habitable planets by 2030 are scheduled to be launched.Two Mars exploration missions are designed to investigate geological structure,the material on Martian surface,and retrieve returned samples.The asteroids and main belt comet exploration is expected to explore two objects within 10 years.The small-body mission will aim to land on the asteroid and get samples return to Earth.The basic physical characteristics of the two objects will be obtained through the mission.The exploration of Jupiter system will characterize the environment of Jupiter and the four largest Moons and understand the atmosphere of Jupiter.In addition,we further introduce two space-based exoplanet survey by 2030,Miyin Program and Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey(CHES Mission).Miyin program aims to detect habitable exoplanets using interferometry,while CHES mission expects to discover habitable exoplanets orbiting FGK stars within 10 pc through astrometry.The above-mentioned missions are positively to achieve breakthroughs in the field of planetary science.
文摘In this paper, food habits of the wolf (Canis lupus) was determined in Inner Monolia, using scat analysis. Results indicated that ungulates were the staple food items(frequency 53.8%, relative biomass 85.2%). In the scats, animals was 40.3% by the frequency of occurrence, and 75.7% by the relative biomass. Compared with the food habits of wolves in Heilongjiang Province, wolves showed a different pattern in prey selection in this ergion. In this study, we estimated the relative biomass of food items, and amount of each prey ingested by a wolf, based on a linear regression equation, y=2.76+0.02x(r=0.997), which was obtained in the feeding trials, It is suggerted that wolves are opportunistic predator. Some suggestions for wolf conservation and management were disussed.
基金funded by the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute,Community Based Integrated Natural Resources Management(CBINRM)project grant
文摘To investigate the woody species composition,diversity and structure of Kuandisha Afromontane forest,vegetation and environmental data were collected from 53 plots of 10 m 9 50 m for trees and shrubs and 265 subplots of 2 m 9 4 m for seedlings were laid along eight transect lines. The local name, scientific name, abundance,DBH, height and percentage foliage cover of species were recorded. Environmental variables, namely altitude, latitude and longitude as well as disturbance levels were also recorded in each plot. Structure, basal area, importance value index（IVI） and species prioritization were analyzed using spreadsheet programs. Correlation coefficients, frequency, relative frequency, Shannon diversity index,Shannon evenness and vegetation classification were analyzed using an R package. Sixty-six species belonging to40 families were recorded. Fabaceae was the most diverse family consisting of seven species, followed by Euphorbiaceae and Asteraceae. In terms of habit, 29 species were trees, 28 were shrubs, and 9 were lianas. The overall Shannon diversity index was 2.5. The frequency and relative frequency of woody species with DBH C2.5 cm ranged from 1.9 to 92.5 and 0.1 to 5, respectively. Seedling density varied among species ranging from five to 9938 individuals ha-1. The total basal area of woody species having DBH C2.5 cm is 15.3 m2ha-1. The IVI of species ranged from 0.13 for Solanum giganteum Jacq. to 28.4 for Croton macrostachyus Del. The woody vegetation was classified into five community types. Species richness,diversity and evenness of communities were strongly positively correlated. On the other hand, the correlation between disturbance and seedling density, and species richness was strongly negative. Thus, among the recorded woody species, a significant portion was either lacking regeneration or selectively removed for various purposes.The lack of seedlings of those species is mainly attributed to anthropogenic disturbances particularly free grazing. As a result, 14 tree, seven shrub and one liana species were prioritized for conservation and management interventions.
文摘英语中一部分单词加上前缀in-或un-,可表示“不”、“无”、“非”等否定含义。它们与其同形的词根在意义上通常构成反义,如:correct/incorrect(正确的/不正确的);close/unclose(关、闭/打开)等。但是,有些由前缀in-或un-构成的派生词却并无否定意义。它们与原词根貌似反义,实则同义或近义,使用时切勿望文生义。如: 1.habit vt.居住在 inhabit vt.居住于 1)They had habited different parts of the globe. 他们曾在世界各地住过。
文摘In China people share the dishes on the table together from a big dinner party to a family dinner.It is due to the different cooking ways from the West,the different eating ways from the West.It is not good to eat in the same plate together.Recently some pioneers appeal to establish a new way of eating:using public chopsticks,spoons to get food instead of personal chopsticks,spoons.Now when we advocate the new way of eating,surely we will meet some challenges from the traditional concepts.
文摘Learning a language is slow and cumulative. No one can learn a language in 24 hours as many advertisements promise you. In fact, people work all their lives to learn languages. So it is important for all the people to develop study habits because developing good habits in learning English will greatly increase studying efficiency and give twice the result with half the effort. In other words, good study habits are the keys to learning English.
文摘This paper introduced the past and current situation about distribution and population of wolf (Canis Iupus) in different countries. Wolf once distributed widely in the world. lts distribution area has diminished greatly as their living conditions are destroyed, together with persecution from humans. The overall population of wolf is also declining. ln some countries, wolves are endangered or even extinct. Now some countries have pIaced the woIf on the natjonal Iist of protected animals. Alaska of the United States and Canada are the widely distributed areas of wolves in the world.
文摘The food availability, composition of the diets and selective grazing of the Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) were studied in Hulunber Grassland in Nei Monggol. The food availability of Mongolian gazelle showed seasonal changes. The plant biomass was higher in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. The fecal compositions of the gazelle demonstrated that fibrous parts occupied 62.4%, 74.8%, and 66.0% in spring, autumn, and winter, respectively. The Mongolian gazelle preferred to grazeCompositeae, Leguminosae, Allium spp. and other forbs in spring and autumn, while the grasses, such asAneurolepidium chinense andStipa spp. were selectively feeding in winter.
文摘The feeding habits of the Great Spotted Woodpecker （Picoides major） were surveyed by field observations and trace checking from 2005 to 2007, in Wulate Qianqi County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, during which the woodpecker performed fourteen types of foraging techniques. Pecking and hammering were most common in winter; gleaning and probing were most common at times of high food availability at the trunk and tree branches during the breeding season and in summer. The woodpecker gleans arthropods and insect larvae in the breeding season and summer, seeds and nuts mainly in the winter and pokes holes for sap-sucking in winter. The main diet consisted of arthropods and plant seeds. The diet was significantly different between seasons The Great Spotted Woodpecker primarily consumes defoliators and the food on tree trunks from March to October. The contribution of wood borers to the diet was higher in winter, lower in the breeding season and summer. The proportion of the food on ground was small in the breeding season and high in the Summer and winter.
基金Funded by the Science and Technology Research Foundation of Hunan Government(No.08jj3106)
文摘Based on the field survey of the traditional village in Shanggantang,Hunan province,P.R.China,we analyzed ecological strategies in aspects of the whole human habitation environment and vernacular building human habitation environment.The ecological strategies included adapting to the local climate,reducing source consumption,utilizing local materials and so on.The research is to provide a reference to practice and theoretical development of eco-folk houses in the area.
文摘UI 阅读理解 (C) Habits,whether good or bad. are gradually formed.Wh(?)(?) (?) persondoes a certain thing again and again,he is impe led(驱使)by some unseen force to do the same thing (?)(?)peatedly;thus a habit is formed.Once a habit is formed,it isdifficult,and sometimes impossible,to get rid of.It istherefore very important that we should pay great atten-
文摘Waiting in the elevator’s corner,I watched with fascina-tion as a woman got on,pushed“2”and then“4”.The elevatorascended(上升),stopping at both floors,but she didn’t getoff.“You missed your floor,”I commented.“I’m going to the twenty-fourth floor.”
