针对现有商品泡沫驱油剂在高温高盐低渗透油藏中起泡量少、泡沫在多孔介质中稳定性差、驱油效率不高的实际问题,通过醚化、季铵化和取代反应,合成了两种非对称两性Gemini表面活性剂(PAHC和PAOC)作为CO_(2)泡沫驱的起泡剂,将合成的产物...针对现有商品泡沫驱油剂在高温高盐低渗透油藏中起泡量少、泡沫在多孔介质中稳定性差、驱油效率不高的实际问题,通过醚化、季铵化和取代反应,合成了两种非对称两性Gemini表面活性剂(PAHC和PAOC)作为CO_(2)泡沫驱的起泡剂,将合成的产物作为主起泡剂构建一种CO_(2)泡沫驱油体系,评价了该体系的界面活性、耐温耐剪切性、黏弹性、泡沫性能等,并进行了驱替实验。结果表明,PAHC和PAOC的临界胶束浓度c_(cmc)分别为6.76×10^(-5)和5.25×10^(-5)mol/L,对应的表面张力γ_(cmc)分别为31.56和30.71 m N/m。PAHC和PAOC的Krafft点分别低于0℃、1℃。在江苏油田采油二厂高21-3井组油藏温度为80℃、矿化度为7704 mg/L条件下,在恒定剪切速率170 s^(-1)时,0.4%PAHC(或PAOC)+0.1%水杨酸钠+0.1%姜磺素接枝马来酸酐共聚物的PAHC-C_(16)S、PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫体系,耐温分别为81℃和88℃,黏度分别可稳定在6.2和6.4 m Pa·s,具有良好的注入性和黏弹性。PAHC-C_(16)S、PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫体系分别可将油水界面张力降至2.37×10^(-2)和1.81×10^(-2)m N/m。PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫抗温性、抗盐性略好于PAHC-C_(16)S泡沫,能满足江苏油田采油二厂高21-3井组CO_(2)泡沫驱要求。岩心驱油实验结果显示,PAHC-C_(16)S和PAOC-C_(18)S起泡体系分别在CO_(2)驱基础上提高平均采收率20.12百分点和21.91百分点,可见两种起泡体系具有良好的应用前景。展开更多
Cationic Gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α ,ω- bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide) have been synthesized by the following method: firstly dodecyl bromide was prepared by the reaction of dodecanol with bromic acid i...Cationic Gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α ,ω- bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide) have been synthesized by the following method: firstly dodecyl bromide was prepared by the reaction of dodecanol with bromic acid in the presence of strong sulfuric acid. Dodecylbromide was then reacted with N,N- tetramethyl ethane diamine(or N,N- tetramethyl hexana diamine) to prepare the title- compounds. Micellization of these Gemini surfactants was investigated using conductivity measurement. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration(cmc) of the Gemini surfactants has a much lower value compared with that of the corresponding " monomer" . For a series of the Geminis with the same length(s) in the spacer chain, the cmc decreased with increasing the carbon number (m) in the alkyl chain. The aggregation number(N) of the micelle also drastically decreased with m. For the same value of m, the cmc varied slightly with s, which indicated that the electrostatic interaction between the ionic- groups of the " monomer" has been naturally changed duo to a link between the two ionic- groups of the " monomer" through a spacer. However, N was strongly decreased with s,which may be a reason of steric inhibition coming from the ionic- groups due to a link of spacer. With increasing temperature, micellization of the Gemini surfactants was slightly enhanced.展开更多
为丰富和发展表面活性剂减阻体系,研究了阳离子Gemini表面活性剂丙撑基双(十八烷基二甲基氯化铵)(18-3-18)与水杨酸钠(NaSal)组成的新型胶束体系的流变和减阻性能。考察了不同浓度胶束体系的流变特性,讨论了该胶束体系的摩擦阻力系数和...为丰富和发展表面活性剂减阻体系,研究了阳离子Gemini表面活性剂丙撑基双(十八烷基二甲基氯化铵)(18-3-18)与水杨酸钠(NaSal)组成的新型胶束体系的流变和减阻性能。考察了不同浓度胶束体系的流变特性,讨论了该胶束体系的摩擦阻力系数和减阻率随广义雷诺数的变化关系,并比较了在光滑管及粗糙管中该体系的减阻效果。结果表明,18-3-18/NaSal胶束体系具有良好的黏弹性、触变性和剪切变稀性。随胶束体系浓度增大,减阻效果提高。对18-3-18/NaSal(5 mmol L 1/10 mmol L 1)胶束减阻体系,存在临界广义雷诺数,最大减阻率为78.5%;对18-3-18/NaSal(7.5mmol L 1/15 mmol L 1,10 mmol L 1/20 mmol L 1)胶束体系在光滑管中的最大减阻率可分别达到82.3%和81.7%。该胶束体系在光滑管中的减阻效果优于粗糙管中的减阻效果,表明18-3-18/NaSal胶束是一种新型减阻胶束体系。展开更多
报道了一种含多酯基不对称阳离子Gem in i表面活性剂(Ⅰ)的合成。在甲醇钠催化下,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与邻苯二甲酸二甲酯酯交换制得二(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(Ⅱ),收率92%(以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯计);氯乙酸分别与十二醇、十六醇反...报道了一种含多酯基不对称阳离子Gem in i表面活性剂(Ⅰ)的合成。在甲醇钠催化下,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与邻苯二甲酸二甲酯酯交换制得二(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(Ⅱ),收率92%(以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯计);氯乙酸分别与十二醇、十六醇反应合成氯乙酸十二醇酯(Ⅲ)和十六醇酯(Ⅳ),产率分别为93%(以十二醇计)、91%(以十六醇计);(Ⅱ)与(Ⅲ)反应,经石油醚洗涤除去杂质后,再与(Ⅳ)季铵盐化,经乙腈重结晶,得白色晶体(I),采用两相滴定法测定其质量分数为99.5%,收率59%(以氯乙酸十二醇酯计)。用IR1、HNMR、元素分析表征了其结构,测定了其CMC和γCMC,研究了其乳化性和泡沫性质。展开更多
在甲醇钠催化下,丁二酸二甲酯与N,N-二甲基乙醇胺进行酯交换反应合成二(二甲基胺基乙基)丁二酸酯,产率91.2%(以丁二酸二甲酯计);再与正溴代十二烷或正溴代十六烷反应合成了两种新型含丁二酸酯基的Gem in i阳离子表面活性剂n-CnH2n+1(CH3...在甲醇钠催化下,丁二酸二甲酯与N,N-二甲基乙醇胺进行酯交换反应合成二(二甲基胺基乙基)丁二酸酯,产率91.2%(以丁二酸二甲酯计);再与正溴代十二烷或正溴代十六烷反应合成了两种新型含丁二酸酯基的Gem in i阳离子表面活性剂n-CnH2n+1(CH3)2N+CH2CH2OCOCH2CH2COOCH2-CH2N+(CH3)2CnH2n+1-n.2B r(n=12或16)[以二(二甲基胺基乙基)丁二酸酯计,产率85%].研究了其在1 M HC l介质中对碳钢的缓蚀效果,结果表明,在1×10-3mol.L-1时,对碳钢的缓蚀效率分别为97.27%和98.10%.展开更多
文摘针对现有商品泡沫驱油剂在高温高盐低渗透油藏中起泡量少、泡沫在多孔介质中稳定性差、驱油效率不高的实际问题,通过醚化、季铵化和取代反应,合成了两种非对称两性Gemini表面活性剂(PAHC和PAOC)作为CO_(2)泡沫驱的起泡剂,将合成的产物作为主起泡剂构建一种CO_(2)泡沫驱油体系,评价了该体系的界面活性、耐温耐剪切性、黏弹性、泡沫性能等,并进行了驱替实验。结果表明,PAHC和PAOC的临界胶束浓度c_(cmc)分别为6.76×10^(-5)和5.25×10^(-5)mol/L,对应的表面张力γ_(cmc)分别为31.56和30.71 m N/m。PAHC和PAOC的Krafft点分别低于0℃、1℃。在江苏油田采油二厂高21-3井组油藏温度为80℃、矿化度为7704 mg/L条件下,在恒定剪切速率170 s^(-1)时,0.4%PAHC(或PAOC)+0.1%水杨酸钠+0.1%姜磺素接枝马来酸酐共聚物的PAHC-C_(16)S、PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫体系,耐温分别为81℃和88℃,黏度分别可稳定在6.2和6.4 m Pa·s,具有良好的注入性和黏弹性。PAHC-C_(16)S、PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫体系分别可将油水界面张力降至2.37×10^(-2)和1.81×10^(-2)m N/m。PAOC-C_(18)S泡沫抗温性、抗盐性略好于PAHC-C_(16)S泡沫,能满足江苏油田采油二厂高21-3井组CO_(2)泡沫驱要求。岩心驱油实验结果显示,PAHC-C_(16)S和PAOC-C_(18)S起泡体系分别在CO_(2)驱基础上提高平均采收率20.12百分点和21.91百分点,可见两种起泡体系具有良好的应用前景。
文摘Cationic Gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α ,ω- bis(dimethyl dodecylammonium bromide) have been synthesized by the following method: firstly dodecyl bromide was prepared by the reaction of dodecanol with bromic acid in the presence of strong sulfuric acid. Dodecylbromide was then reacted with N,N- tetramethyl ethane diamine(or N,N- tetramethyl hexana diamine) to prepare the title- compounds. Micellization of these Gemini surfactants was investigated using conductivity measurement. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration(cmc) of the Gemini surfactants has a much lower value compared with that of the corresponding " monomer" . For a series of the Geminis with the same length(s) in the spacer chain, the cmc decreased with increasing the carbon number (m) in the alkyl chain. The aggregation number(N) of the micelle also drastically decreased with m. For the same value of m, the cmc varied slightly with s, which indicated that the electrostatic interaction between the ionic- groups of the " monomer" has been naturally changed duo to a link between the two ionic- groups of the " monomer" through a spacer. However, N was strongly decreased with s,which may be a reason of steric inhibition coming from the ionic- groups due to a link of spacer. With increasing temperature, micellization of the Gemini surfactants was slightly enhanced.
文摘为丰富和发展表面活性剂减阻体系,研究了阳离子Gemini表面活性剂丙撑基双(十八烷基二甲基氯化铵)(18-3-18)与水杨酸钠(NaSal)组成的新型胶束体系的流变和减阻性能。考察了不同浓度胶束体系的流变特性,讨论了该胶束体系的摩擦阻力系数和减阻率随广义雷诺数的变化关系,并比较了在光滑管及粗糙管中该体系的减阻效果。结果表明,18-3-18/NaSal胶束体系具有良好的黏弹性、触变性和剪切变稀性。随胶束体系浓度增大,减阻效果提高。对18-3-18/NaSal(5 mmol L 1/10 mmol L 1)胶束减阻体系,存在临界广义雷诺数,最大减阻率为78.5%;对18-3-18/NaSal(7.5mmol L 1/15 mmol L 1,10 mmol L 1/20 mmol L 1)胶束体系在光滑管中的最大减阻率可分别达到82.3%和81.7%。该胶束体系在光滑管中的减阻效果优于粗糙管中的减阻效果,表明18-3-18/NaSal胶束是一种新型减阻胶束体系。
文摘报道了一种含多酯基不对称阳离子Gem in i表面活性剂(Ⅰ)的合成。在甲醇钠催化下,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与邻苯二甲酸二甲酯酯交换制得二(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(Ⅱ),收率92%(以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯计);氯乙酸分别与十二醇、十六醇反应合成氯乙酸十二醇酯(Ⅲ)和十六醇酯(Ⅳ),产率分别为93%(以十二醇计)、91%(以十六醇计);(Ⅱ)与(Ⅲ)反应,经石油醚洗涤除去杂质后,再与(Ⅳ)季铵盐化,经乙腈重结晶,得白色晶体(I),采用两相滴定法测定其质量分数为99.5%,收率59%(以氯乙酸十二醇酯计)。用IR1、HNMR、元素分析表征了其结构,测定了其CMC和γCMC,研究了其乳化性和泡沫性质。
文摘在甲醇钠催化下,丁二酸二甲酯与N,N-二甲基乙醇胺进行酯交换反应合成二(二甲基胺基乙基)丁二酸酯,产率91.2%(以丁二酸二甲酯计);再与正溴代十二烷或正溴代十六烷反应合成了两种新型含丁二酸酯基的Gem in i阳离子表面活性剂n-CnH2n+1(CH3)2N+CH2CH2OCOCH2CH2COOCH2-CH2N+(CH3)2CnH2n+1-n.2B r(n=12或16)[以二(二甲基胺基乙基)丁二酸酯计,产率85%].研究了其在1 M HC l介质中对碳钢的缓蚀效果,结果表明,在1×10-3mol.L-1时,对碳钢的缓蚀效率分别为97.27%和98.10%.
