It is believed that in ancient China,there were only works on graphology,phonology and critical interpretation,but no works on grammar.In works of grammar history published in modern times,they just dwell briefly on a...It is believed that in ancient China,there were only works on graphology,phonology and critical interpretation,but no works on grammar.In works of grammar history published in modern times,they just dwell briefly on ancient grammar,and they consider that there were only some explanations of form words,a few books of form words,but no syntactic analyses.However,in fact,in ancient classical works there were abundant materials of grammatical analyses.Ancient scholars worked out quite a few grammar rules,some of which were profound and coincidental with modern grammar theories.In the present research of ancient Chinese grammar,grammatical analyses made by ancient scholars should be summed up and inherited.展开更多
I SOS AND ITS WEAKNESSSOS(structural-oral-situational)or the structural approach focuses on knowing.that isto say,it concentrates on the code,the grammatical system.The linguistic items,words andsentences which contai...I SOS AND ITS WEAKNESSSOS(structural-oral-situational)or the structural approach focuses on knowing.that isto say,it concentrates on the code,the grammatical system.The linguistic items,words andsentences which contain meaning within themselves,are presented and practised in isolationfrom the communicative purposes of the context within which they are used.The assumptionis that when learners have achieved the knowledge of that target language in abstract。展开更多
Quantitative correlation of several theoretical electrophilicity measures over different families of organic compounds are examined relative to the experimental values of Mayr et al.Notably,the ability to predict thes...Quantitative correlation of several theoretical electrophilicity measures over different families of organic compounds are examined relative to the experimental values of Mayr et al.Notably,the ability to predict these values accurately will help to elucidate the reactivity and selectivity trends observed in charge-transfer reactions.A crucial advantage of this theoretical approach is that itprovides this information without the need of experiments,which are often demanding and time-consuming.Here,two different types of electrophilicity measures were analyzed.First,models derived from conceptual density functional theory(c-DFT),including Parr's original proposal and further generalizations of this index,are investigated.For instance,the approaches of Gázquez et al.and Chamorro et al.are considered,whereby it is possible to distinguish between processes in which a molecule gains or loses electrons.Further,we also explored two novel electrophilicity definitions.On one hand,the potential of environmental perturbations to affect electron incorporation into a system is analyzed in terms of recent developments in c-DFT.These studies highlight the importance of considering the molecular surroundings when a consistent description of chemical reactivity is needed.On the other hand,we test a new definition of electrophilicity that is free from inconsistencies(so-called thermodynamic electrophilicity).This approach is based on Parr's pioneering insights,though it corrects issues present in the standard working expression for the calculation of electrophilicity.Additionally,we use machine-learning tools(i.e.,symbolic regression)to identify the models that best fit the experimental values.In this way,the best possible description of the electrophilicity values in terms of different electronic structure quantities is obtained.Overall,this straightforward approach enables one to obtain good correlations between the theoretical and experimental quantities by using the simple,yet powerful,interpretative advantage of c-DFT methods.In general,we observed that the correlations found at the HF/6-31 G(d)level of theory are of semi-quantitative value.To obtain more accurate results,we showed that working with families of compounds with similar functional groups is indispensable.展开更多
Based on a systematic analysis of newspaper advertisements the paper intends to explore the language characteristics of English advertisements in the aspect of word choice and grammatical patterns. In this way, it wil...Based on a systematic analysis of newspaper advertisements the paper intends to explore the language characteristics of English advertisements in the aspect of word choice and grammatical patterns. In this way, it will direct us to the right way to the study of English advertisement.展开更多
文摘It is believed that in ancient China,there were only works on graphology,phonology and critical interpretation,but no works on grammar.In works of grammar history published in modern times,they just dwell briefly on ancient grammar,and they consider that there were only some explanations of form words,a few books of form words,but no syntactic analyses.However,in fact,in ancient classical works there were abundant materials of grammatical analyses.Ancient scholars worked out quite a few grammar rules,some of which were profound and coincidental with modern grammar theories.In the present research of ancient Chinese grammar,grammatical analyses made by ancient scholars should be summed up and inherited.
文摘I SOS AND ITS WEAKNESSSOS(structural-oral-situational)or the structural approach focuses on knowing.that isto say,it concentrates on the code,the grammatical system.The linguistic items,words andsentences which contain meaning within themselves,are presented and practised in isolationfrom the communicative purposes of the context within which they are used.The assumptionis that when learners have achieved the knowledge of that target language in abstract。
基金support by FONDECYT(1140313)Financiamiento Basal para Centros Cientificos y Tecnoldgicos de Excelencia-FB0807project RC-130006 CILLIS,Chile
文摘Quantitative correlation of several theoretical electrophilicity measures over different families of organic compounds are examined relative to the experimental values of Mayr et al.Notably,the ability to predict these values accurately will help to elucidate the reactivity and selectivity trends observed in charge-transfer reactions.A crucial advantage of this theoretical approach is that itprovides this information without the need of experiments,which are often demanding and time-consuming.Here,two different types of electrophilicity measures were analyzed.First,models derived from conceptual density functional theory(c-DFT),including Parr's original proposal and further generalizations of this index,are investigated.For instance,the approaches of Gázquez et al.and Chamorro et al.are considered,whereby it is possible to distinguish between processes in which a molecule gains or loses electrons.Further,we also explored two novel electrophilicity definitions.On one hand,the potential of environmental perturbations to affect electron incorporation into a system is analyzed in terms of recent developments in c-DFT.These studies highlight the importance of considering the molecular surroundings when a consistent description of chemical reactivity is needed.On the other hand,we test a new definition of electrophilicity that is free from inconsistencies(so-called thermodynamic electrophilicity).This approach is based on Parr's pioneering insights,though it corrects issues present in the standard working expression for the calculation of electrophilicity.Additionally,we use machine-learning tools(i.e.,symbolic regression)to identify the models that best fit the experimental values.In this way,the best possible description of the electrophilicity values in terms of different electronic structure quantities is obtained.Overall,this straightforward approach enables one to obtain good correlations between the theoretical and experimental quantities by using the simple,yet powerful,interpretative advantage of c-DFT methods.In general,we observed that the correlations found at the HF/6-31 G(d)level of theory are of semi-quantitative value.To obtain more accurate results,we showed that working with families of compounds with similar functional groups is indispensable.
文摘Based on a systematic analysis of newspaper advertisements the paper intends to explore the language characteristics of English advertisements in the aspect of word choice and grammatical patterns. In this way, it will direct us to the right way to the study of English advertisement.
