The purpose of this study is to forecast the profitable oil and gas reservoir,which is the key of finding hydrocarbon,based on the conception of special geologic bodies.With the guiding methodology of the research thi...The purpose of this study is to forecast the profitable oil and gas reservoir,which is the key of finding hydrocarbon,based on the conception of special geologic bodies.With the guiding methodology of the research thinking of integration of point-line-surface by using the methods and techniques of logging,seismic,seismic attribute,and logging constrained inversion in 3D data volume,the special geologic bodies of Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone of Qikou Sag,which has important hydrocarbon exploration potential,are recognized and described under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic framework.As a result,the developed scale,geometric shape and space distribution feature of the special geologic bodies are forecasted;the inner structure and sequence structure patterns of the geologic bodies are also ascertained.From the lowstand system tract (LST) and lacustrine expanding system tract (EST) to the highstand system tract (HST),the geologic bodies have evolved from relative centralization of lake basin reducing period to three relative dispersive isolated parts of broad lake basin period.According to the relevance and regularity of the development of geologic bodies,the conclusions can be obtained that three types of potential profitable reservoir traps,including the lithologic lens traps,lithologic updip pinchout traps and structural-lithologic composite traps,are forecasted.In addition,scientific basis for further hydrocarbon exploration in new area (few-well area and no-well area) is offered in the guidance of sequence stratigraphic model.展开更多
To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of ...To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of field analysis. By dint of solving the field models through transferring the continuous models into the discrete ones, the relationship between the geological ore-controlling effect field and the mineralization distribution field was analyzed, and the quantitative and located parameters were extracted for describing the geological factors controlling mineralization enrichment. The method was applied to the 3-dimensional localization and quantitative prediction for concealed ore bodies in the depths and margins of the Daehang mine in Guangxi, China, and the 3-dimensional distribution models of mineralization indexes and ore-controlling factors such as magmatic rocks, strata, faults, lithology and folds were built. With the methods of statistical analysis and the non-linear programming, the quantitative index set of the geological ore-controlling factors was obtained. In addition, the stereoscopic located and quantitative prediction models were set up by exploring the relationship between the mineralization indexes and the geological ore-controlling factors. So far, some concealed ore bodies with the resource volume of a medium-sized mineral deposit are found in the deep parts of the Dachang Mine by means of the deep prospecting drills following the prediction results, from which the effectiveness of the predication models and results is proved.展开更多
OneGeology is an international initiative of the geological surveys of the world and a flagship project of the"International Year of Planet Earth".Its aim is to create a digital geological map of the world a...OneGeology is an international initiative of the geological surveys of the world and a flagship project of the"International Year of Planet Earth".Its aim is to create a digital geological map of the world and to make it available via the web to all.The target scale is l:l million but the project is pragmatic and accepts a range of scales and the best available data.To date, 102 countries are participating in the project and。展开更多
The development of 3D geological models involves the integration of large amounts of geological data,as well as additional accessible proprietary lithological, structural,geochemical,geophysical,and borehole data.Luan...The development of 3D geological models involves the integration of large amounts of geological data,as well as additional accessible proprietary lithological, structural,geochemical,geophysical,and borehole data.Luanchuan,the case study area,southwestern Henan Province,is an important molybdenum-tungsten -lead-zinc polymetallic belt in China.展开更多
Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that ha...Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone(w(Fe)>45%)and poor iron zone(20%<w(Fe)<45%).It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body(poor plus rich)from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.展开更多
"Digital Earth"is one of integrated scientific technology based on development of information technology and modern space telemetry,and it possesses some special features such as application of great amount ..."Digital Earth"is one of integrated scientific technology based on development of information technology and modern space telemetry,and it possesses some special features such as application of great amount of geography data,which can describe the Earth in three dimensions and with higher resolution,i.e."virtual earth":the ordinary user also can readily obtain some information through certain means.Visualization and virtual reality are one展开更多
The key of finding hydrocarbon reservoir is to find the profitable oil and gas reservoir.This paper uses the conception of"special geologic bodies"to study the profitable reservoir.Constrained by the sequenc...The key of finding hydrocarbon reservoir is to find the profitable oil and gas reservoir.This paper uses the conception of"special geologic bodies"to study the profitable reservoir.Constrained by the sequence stratigraphy framework,this paper recognizes and describes the special geologic bodies of the Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone of Qikou Sag,which have important展开更多
Thirty-six typical REE deposits extracted from literatures,mineral resource database or reports,which are served as a basis for classifying deposit type.And then the five principal deposit types were identified:(1)alk...Thirty-six typical REE deposits extracted from literatures,mineral resource database or reports,which are served as a basis for classifying deposit type.And then the five principal deposit types were identified:(1)alkali-related type;(2)Ion-adsorbed type;(3)metamorphosed sedimentary type;(4)placer type;(5)sedimentary phosphate type.Data gathered for each deposit includes the deposit scale,geologic settings,main metallogenic ages,main and accessory minerals,and ore-bearing intrusions.展开更多
The existing studies of geological relics have formed a classification system,which is based on geological relic cause factors.According to the geological relics of the tourist conception and perspective of tourism ev...The existing studies of geological relics have formed a classification system,which is based on geological relic cause factors.According to the geological relics of the tourist conception and perspective of tourism evaluation examples from Hunan Province,the author proposed the展开更多
The Heibei highway in expansion project is located in Xiaoxing’anling permafrost areas.Its total length is 148 km,and has 17 island permafrost sections.Some sugared above area exists uneven subsidence,which affects r...The Heibei highway in expansion project is located in Xiaoxing’anling permafrost areas.Its total length is 148 km,and has 17 island permafrost sections.Some sugared above area exists uneven subsidence,which affects road life and the stability of roadbed largely. The main reason for this is seasonal freezing and thawing of soil,resulting in the changes of foundation bearing capacity,and then the roadbed instability.In addition,many weak layers in the sugared area展开更多
The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkabl...The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkable spatial characteristics and complex attribute information.As the amount of geological hazards data is rapidly growing,it has become an urgent demand for geologists to展开更多
The geological heritage resource of water landscape in Yandangshan Global Geopark consists of 5 subclasses and 9 types,which cover more than 20 geological heritage spots.Including Dalongqiu Waterfall that is one of th...The geological heritage resource of water landscape in Yandangshan Global Geopark consists of 5 subclasses and 9 types,which cover more than 20 geological heritage spots.Including Dalongqiu Waterfall that is one of the four most famous waterfalls in China,Yanhu Wetland and Baixi Stream, which are the core of the geopark,By investigating展开更多
The project"Groundwater Investigation in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin"was a 3 year project in the framework of the German-Namibian Technical Cooperation,concluded between the Republic of Namibia and the Federal ...The project"Groundwater Investigation in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin"was a 3 year project in the framework of the German-Namibian Technical Cooperation,concluded between the Republic of Namibia and the Federal Republic of Germany.The study is conducted by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(DWAF) and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources(BGR).展开更多
Our goal is to map the different geological features using satellite remotely sensed images of Cyprus acquired both from Landsat5/7 TM/ETM+,ASTER and Quickbird sensors.We want to distinguish such features on the basis...Our goal is to map the different geological features using satellite remotely sensed images of Cyprus acquired both from Landsat5/7 TM/ETM+,ASTER and Quickbird sensors.We want to distinguish such features on the basis of their spectral characteristics.Detailed reflectance spectra have been acquired using the SVC HR-1024 field spectroradiometer.This spectral information with results of a field visit has been used to determine how to process the spectra using image data. Other goals of this study are to explore the differences between the map arrived through image processing and展开更多
Because of the frequent serious geo-hazards met in constructing sub-river tunnels,the application of geological prediction is necessary to reduce the risk. Taking the Liuyang River Tunnel(10.1 km,with 362 m of the sub...Because of the frequent serious geo-hazards met in constructing sub-river tunnels,the application of geological prediction is necessary to reduce the risk. Taking the Liuyang River Tunnel(10.1 km,with 362 m of the sub-river part) which is one of the key projects of the dedicated-passenger railway from Wuhan to Guangzhou as an example,the application of integrated geological prediction technologies is expounded in detail.The effects of TSP(tunnel seismic prediction) and infrared water detectors are analyzed as key points in order to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these devices.The results of this research which can be adopted to improve the effects of the展开更多
The marine early\|middle Early Paleogene in the northern Tethys Himalayas was found in southern Tibet in mid 1980s (Hao and Wan, 1985), and the bio\|, litho\|, and chrono\| stratigraphy were patterned by then (Hao and...The marine early\|middle Early Paleogene in the northern Tethys Himalayas was found in southern Tibet in mid 1980s (Hao and Wan, 1985), and the bio\|, litho\|, and chrono\| stratigraphy were patterned by then (Hao and Wan, 1985; Willems et al., 1993, 1996). It seems that there is not an abrupt boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene (P/E) because they are composed of carbonate rocks. This similarity is widespread in the world. They are well examined in many ocean DSDP and ODP logs in similar continuous sediments. But in fact, it is sure that there is a geologic event between the Paleocene and Eocene around the world. Foraminifer extinction, stable isotope record, clay mineral changes, etc. verify the geologic event existence at the latest Paleocene. Unlike the K/T boundary, there is at present little direct or indirect evidence of such catastrophes coincident with the transition (Zachos et al., 1993). This work first shows that there could be also a geologic event across the boundary of latest Paleocene to earliest Eocene exposed on land, certainly in China territory.The P/E transitional sediment is exposed and remeasured at Gongzha, northwestern flank of the Zhepure Shan Syncline, west to Tingri. Here the P/E transitional stratum is approximately equivalent to the upper Member IV and the entire Member V (Willems et al., 1993, 1996). The exact boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene, i.e. between the Unit 16 and Unit 17, is determined by benthic foraminiferal zonations. The fossil zone Alveolina beginning at Unit 17 is just above the boundary that is partly different from Willems et al (1993, 1996).展开更多
Alxa,located at the junction of the North China plate and the Tarim plate,is characterized by complicated geological conditions and obvious climate changes.Unique geological and geographic conditions formed a variety ...Alxa,located at the junction of the North China plate and the Tarim plate,is characterized by complicated geological conditions and obvious climate changes.Unique geological and geographic conditions formed a variety of landscapes in Alxa, including desert landscape,Gobi landscape,wind -erosion landform,canyon landform,etc.This paper compares and evaluates the scientific interests展开更多
Coalbed methane enrichment will be controlled by many good macro geological dynamical conditions; there is evident difference of enrichment grade in different area and different geological conditions.This paper has st...Coalbed methane enrichment will be controlled by many good macro geological dynamical conditions; there is evident difference of enrichment grade in different area and different geological conditions.This paper has studied tectonic dynamical conditions, thermal dynamical conditions and hydraulic conditions, which affect coalbed methane enrichment in Qinshui basin.Coalbed methane enrichment units have been divided based on tectonic dynamical conditions of Qinshui basin,combined with thermal dynamical conditions and hydraulic conditions.展开更多
IntroductionAs a public institution directly affiliated to China Geological Survey, the DevelopmentResearch Center of China Geological Survey mainly undertakes the work for geologicalsurvey, development research, IT-a...IntroductionAs a public institution directly affiliated to China Geological Survey, the DevelopmentResearch Center of China Geological Survey mainly undertakes the work for geologicalsurvey, development research, IT-applied development and management support. It is alsoresponsible for accepting and safekeeping the geological archives and relevant service aswell as providing business support, technical guidance and related research on the strategicactions of ore-prospecting breakthrough.展开更多
Yushkinite,found in quartz-calcite veins in the Pai-Hoi Anticlinorium(the middle reaches of the Silovayaha River,Komi Republic,Russia),is associated with fluorite,sphalerite,and sulvanite and occurs as fine-lamellar a...Yushkinite,found in quartz-calcite veins in the Pai-Hoi Anticlinorium(the middle reaches of the Silovayaha River,Komi Republic,Russia),is associated with fluorite,sphalerite,and sulvanite and occurs as fine-lamellar aggregates.The mineral is pinkish purple,with perfect cleavage parallel to(0001).The Mohs’ hardness is lower than 1.Under reflected light,展开更多
基金Project(40872077) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008CDA098) supported by the Key Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China+1 种基金Project(TPR-2010-01) supported by the Open Project Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources,Ministry of Education,Chinasupported by the research institute exploration and development,PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company
文摘The purpose of this study is to forecast the profitable oil and gas reservoir,which is the key of finding hydrocarbon,based on the conception of special geologic bodies.With the guiding methodology of the research thinking of integration of point-line-surface by using the methods and techniques of logging,seismic,seismic attribute,and logging constrained inversion in 3D data volume,the special geologic bodies of Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone of Qikou Sag,which has important hydrocarbon exploration potential,are recognized and described under the constraint of sequence stratigraphic framework.As a result,the developed scale,geometric shape and space distribution feature of the special geologic bodies are forecasted;the inner structure and sequence structure patterns of the geologic bodies are also ascertained.From the lowstand system tract (LST) and lacustrine expanding system tract (EST) to the highstand system tract (HST),the geologic bodies have evolved from relative centralization of lake basin reducing period to three relative dispersive isolated parts of broad lake basin period.According to the relevance and regularity of the development of geologic bodies,the conclusions can be obtained that three types of potential profitable reservoir traps,including the lithologic lens traps,lithologic updip pinchout traps and structural-lithologic composite traps,are forecasted.In addition,scientific basis for further hydrocarbon exploration in new area (few-well area and no-well area) is offered in the guidance of sequence stratigraphic model.
基金Project(2007CB416608) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2006BAB01B07) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period
文摘To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of field analysis. By dint of solving the field models through transferring the continuous models into the discrete ones, the relationship between the geological ore-controlling effect field and the mineralization distribution field was analyzed, and the quantitative and located parameters were extracted for describing the geological factors controlling mineralization enrichment. The method was applied to the 3-dimensional localization and quantitative prediction for concealed ore bodies in the depths and margins of the Daehang mine in Guangxi, China, and the 3-dimensional distribution models of mineralization indexes and ore-controlling factors such as magmatic rocks, strata, faults, lithology and folds were built. With the methods of statistical analysis and the non-linear programming, the quantitative index set of the geological ore-controlling factors was obtained. In addition, the stereoscopic located and quantitative prediction models were set up by exploring the relationship between the mineralization indexes and the geological ore-controlling factors. So far, some concealed ore bodies with the resource volume of a medium-sized mineral deposit are found in the deep parts of the Dachang Mine by means of the deep prospecting drills following the prediction results, from which the effectiveness of the predication models and results is proved.
文摘OneGeology is an international initiative of the geological surveys of the world and a flagship project of the"International Year of Planet Earth".Its aim is to create a digital geological map of the world and to make it available via the web to all.The target scale is l:l million but the project is pragmatic and accepts a range of scales and the best available data.To date, 102 countries are participating in the project and。
文摘The development of 3D geological models involves the integration of large amounts of geological data,as well as additional accessible proprietary lithological, structural,geochemical,geophysical,and borehole data.Luanchuan,the case study area,southwestern Henan Province,is an important molybdenum-tungsten -lead-zinc polymetallic belt in China.
基金supported by Iron Ore Research Center of Yazd University
文摘Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone(w(Fe)>45%)and poor iron zone(20%<w(Fe)<45%).It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body(poor plus rich)from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.
文摘"Digital Earth"is one of integrated scientific technology based on development of information technology and modern space telemetry,and it possesses some special features such as application of great amount of geography data,which can describe the Earth in three dimensions and with higher resolution,i.e."virtual earth":the ordinary user also can readily obtain some information through certain means.Visualization and virtual reality are one
文摘The key of finding hydrocarbon reservoir is to find the profitable oil and gas reservoir.This paper uses the conception of"special geologic bodies"to study the profitable reservoir.Constrained by the sequence stratigraphy framework,this paper recognizes and describes the special geologic bodies of the Member 3 of Dongying Formation in Littoral Slope Zone of Qikou Sag,which have important
基金supported by the China Geological Survey(Grant Nos.12120111210451212011121040)
文摘Thirty-six typical REE deposits extracted from literatures,mineral resource database or reports,which are served as a basis for classifying deposit type.And then the five principal deposit types were identified:(1)alkali-related type;(2)Ion-adsorbed type;(3)metamorphosed sedimentary type;(4)placer type;(5)sedimentary phosphate type.Data gathered for each deposit includes the deposit scale,geologic settings,main metallogenic ages,main and accessory minerals,and ore-bearing intrusions.
文摘The existing studies of geological relics have formed a classification system,which is based on geological relic cause factors.According to the geological relics of the tourist conception and perspective of tourism evaluation examples from Hunan Province,the author proposed the
文摘The Heibei highway in expansion project is located in Xiaoxing’anling permafrost areas.Its total length is 148 km,and has 17 island permafrost sections.Some sugared above area exists uneven subsidence,which affects road life and the stability of roadbed largely. The main reason for this is seasonal freezing and thawing of soil,resulting in the changes of foundation bearing capacity,and then the roadbed instability.In addition,many weak layers in the sugared area
文摘The formation and development of geological hazards are extremely complex,depending on factors such as the topography,geology,meteorology, project,human activity,and so on;the geological hazards data include remarkable spatial characteristics and complex attribute information.As the amount of geological hazards data is rapidly growing,it has become an urgent demand for geologists to
文摘The geological heritage resource of water landscape in Yandangshan Global Geopark consists of 5 subclasses and 9 types,which cover more than 20 geological heritage spots.Including Dalongqiu Waterfall that is one of the four most famous waterfalls in China,Yanhu Wetland and Baixi Stream, which are the core of the geopark,By investigating
文摘The project"Groundwater Investigation in the Cuvelai-Etosha Basin"was a 3 year project in the framework of the German-Namibian Technical Cooperation,concluded between the Republic of Namibia and the Federal Republic of Germany.The study is conducted by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(DWAF) and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources(BGR).
文摘Our goal is to map the different geological features using satellite remotely sensed images of Cyprus acquired both from Landsat5/7 TM/ETM+,ASTER and Quickbird sensors.We want to distinguish such features on the basis of their spectral characteristics.Detailed reflectance spectra have been acquired using the SVC HR-1024 field spectroradiometer.This spectral information with results of a field visit has been used to determine how to process the spectra using image data. Other goals of this study are to explore the differences between the map arrived through image processing and
文摘Because of the frequent serious geo-hazards met in constructing sub-river tunnels,the application of geological prediction is necessary to reduce the risk. Taking the Liuyang River Tunnel(10.1 km,with 362 m of the sub-river part) which is one of the key projects of the dedicated-passenger railway from Wuhan to Guangzhou as an example,the application of integrated geological prediction technologies is expounded in detail.The effects of TSP(tunnel seismic prediction) and infrared water detectors are analyzed as key points in order to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these devices.The results of this research which can be adopted to improve the effects of the
文摘The marine early\|middle Early Paleogene in the northern Tethys Himalayas was found in southern Tibet in mid 1980s (Hao and Wan, 1985), and the bio\|, litho\|, and chrono\| stratigraphy were patterned by then (Hao and Wan, 1985; Willems et al., 1993, 1996). It seems that there is not an abrupt boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene (P/E) because they are composed of carbonate rocks. This similarity is widespread in the world. They are well examined in many ocean DSDP and ODP logs in similar continuous sediments. But in fact, it is sure that there is a geologic event between the Paleocene and Eocene around the world. Foraminifer extinction, stable isotope record, clay mineral changes, etc. verify the geologic event existence at the latest Paleocene. Unlike the K/T boundary, there is at present little direct or indirect evidence of such catastrophes coincident with the transition (Zachos et al., 1993). This work first shows that there could be also a geologic event across the boundary of latest Paleocene to earliest Eocene exposed on land, certainly in China territory.The P/E transitional sediment is exposed and remeasured at Gongzha, northwestern flank of the Zhepure Shan Syncline, west to Tingri. Here the P/E transitional stratum is approximately equivalent to the upper Member IV and the entire Member V (Willems et al., 1993, 1996). The exact boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene, i.e. between the Unit 16 and Unit 17, is determined by benthic foraminiferal zonations. The fossil zone Alveolina beginning at Unit 17 is just above the boundary that is partly different from Willems et al (1993, 1996).
文摘Alxa,located at the junction of the North China plate and the Tarim plate,is characterized by complicated geological conditions and obvious climate changes.Unique geological and geographic conditions formed a variety of landscapes in Alxa, including desert landscape,Gobi landscape,wind -erosion landform,canyon landform,etc.This paper compares and evaluates the scientific interests
文摘Coalbed methane enrichment will be controlled by many good macro geological dynamical conditions; there is evident difference of enrichment grade in different area and different geological conditions.This paper has studied tectonic dynamical conditions, thermal dynamical conditions and hydraulic conditions, which affect coalbed methane enrichment in Qinshui basin.Coalbed methane enrichment units have been divided based on tectonic dynamical conditions of Qinshui basin,combined with thermal dynamical conditions and hydraulic conditions.
文摘IntroductionAs a public institution directly affiliated to China Geological Survey, the DevelopmentResearch Center of China Geological Survey mainly undertakes the work for geologicalsurvey, development research, IT-applied development and management support. It is alsoresponsible for accepting and safekeeping the geological archives and relevant service aswell as providing business support, technical guidance and related research on the strategicactions of ore-prospecting breakthrough.
文摘Yushkinite,found in quartz-calcite veins in the Pai-Hoi Anticlinorium(the middle reaches of the Silovayaha River,Komi Republic,Russia),is associated with fluorite,sphalerite,and sulvanite and occurs as fine-lamellar aggregates.The mineral is pinkish purple,with perfect cleavage parallel to(0001).The Mohs’ hardness is lower than 1.Under reflected light,
