The operating mode of a single shaft hybrid electric vehicle （SSHEV） in which the electric motor exerts negative torque on the shaft to imitate engine braking is analyzed. The method of determining the quantity of r...The operating mode of a single shaft hybrid electric vehicle （SSHEV） in which the electric motor exerts negative torque on the shaft to imitate engine braking is analyzed. The method of determining the quantity of regenerative braking torque is proposed with the premise that the braking intensity required by the driver is satisfied. On this basis, factors that affect torque generated by the motor are listed, and how the battery＇ s temperature and state of charge （ SOC ） restrict and correct the braking torque is expounded. Finally, road test results show that the motor＇ s constant power or constant torque control is an effective way to recover the mechanical energy during decelerating.展开更多
Nowadays,the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing,not only in the automotive sector,but also in other transportation systems,to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of t...Nowadays,the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing,not only in the automotive sector,but also in other transportation systems,to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of the vehicles.Although railway vehicles are typically the most eco-friendly transportation system,since commonly their primary energy source is electricity,they can still gain benefits from hybrid technologies,as many lines worldwide are not electrified.In fact,hybrid solutions allow ICEpowered(internal combustion engine)railway vehicles,such as diesel multiple units(DMUs),to operate in fullelectric mode even when the track lacks electrification.The possibility to switch to full electric mode is of paramount importance when the vehicle runs on urban or underground track sections,where low or zero emission levels are required.We conduct the feasibility study of hybridization of an existing DMU vehicle,designed by Blue Engineering S.r.l.,running on the Aosta–Torino Italian railway line,which includes a non-electrified urban track section and an electrified underground section.The hybridization is obtained by replacing one of the diesel generators installed on the original vehicle with a battery pack,which ensures the vehicle to operate in full-electric mode to complete its mission profile.The hybridization is also exploited to implement a regenerative braking strategy,which allows an increase in the energetical efficiency of the vehicle up to 18%.This work shows the sizing of the battery pack based on dynamic simulations performed on the Turin underground track section,and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the hybridization process.展开更多
为提升电力机车制动产生的大量再生制动能量的回收利用率,同时兼顾补偿单相牵引供电系统在电网中引起的电压不平衡问题,本文提出了一种基于YNd变压器-多端口变换器的铁路混合储能系统(YNd-multiport converter based railway hybrid ene...为提升电力机车制动产生的大量再生制动能量的回收利用率,同时兼顾补偿单相牵引供电系统在电网中引起的电压不平衡问题,本文提出了一种基于YNd变压器-多端口变换器的铁路混合储能系统(YNd-multiport converter based railway hybrid energy storage system,YNd-MC-RHESS)。首先,分析了YNd-MC-RHESS的工作原理及其工作模式。其次,以提高再生制动能量的利用率为主要目标,基于非线性电流控制,提出了多端口变换器的功率优化调控策略,在交流/直流(AC/DC)变换器中引入非线性控制,提升了多端口变换器的响应速度与混合储能的能量分配效率。最后,基于典型工况,通过半实物动态模拟验证了所提控制策略可以调度功率在不同端口间按需转移,同时不同介质储能功率可合理分配与存储释放。实验结果表明,混合储能装置投入后,再生制动能量的利用率为93.67%,实现了再生制动能量的高效利用。展开更多
具有再生制动功能的电动汽车制动系统与传统燃油汽车的摩擦制动系统不同,在回收部分制动能量的同时其制动稳定性会发生变化.在保证安全制动距离的前提下,制动能量回收率的提高受到制动稳定性的制约和限制.针对电制动和常规摩擦制动组成...具有再生制动功能的电动汽车制动系统与传统燃油汽车的摩擦制动系统不同,在回收部分制动能量的同时其制动稳定性会发生变化.在保证安全制动距离的前提下,制动能量回收率的提高受到制动稳定性的制约和限制.针对电制动和常规摩擦制动组成的机电复合制动系统,建立了电制动力、电制动力矩和电池充电功率计算模型.考虑到电机转矩特性和电池充电功率限制,以最大化回收制动能量为目标,设计3种不同的机电复合制动控制策略.通过在ADVISOR软件中建立嵌入式仿真模块对制动能量回收率、电池荷电状态和纯电动模式的续驶里程进行了仿真计算和分析.计算结果表明:I曲线和ECE(Economic Commissionof Europe safety regulations)法规边界线都不是理想的制动力分配曲线,所提出的制动力分配曲线OABCD综合性能较好,制动能量回收率达到59.56%,且一个循环的荷电状态变化很小,仅降低了4.29%.实车试验表明能量回收能够提高续驶里程.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2011AA11A252)
文摘The operating mode of a single shaft hybrid electric vehicle （SSHEV） in which the electric motor exerts negative torque on the shaft to imitate engine braking is analyzed. The method of determining the quantity of regenerative braking torque is proposed with the premise that the braking intensity required by the driver is satisfied. On this basis, factors that affect torque generated by the motor are listed, and how the battery＇ s temperature and state of charge （ SOC ） restrict and correct the braking torque is expounded. Finally, road test results show that the motor＇ s constant power or constant torque control is an effective way to recover the mechanical energy during decelerating.
文摘Nowadays,the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing,not only in the automotive sector,but also in other transportation systems,to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of the vehicles.Although railway vehicles are typically the most eco-friendly transportation system,since commonly their primary energy source is electricity,they can still gain benefits from hybrid technologies,as many lines worldwide are not electrified.In fact,hybrid solutions allow ICEpowered(internal combustion engine)railway vehicles,such as diesel multiple units(DMUs),to operate in fullelectric mode even when the track lacks electrification.The possibility to switch to full electric mode is of paramount importance when the vehicle runs on urban or underground track sections,where low or zero emission levels are required.We conduct the feasibility study of hybridization of an existing DMU vehicle,designed by Blue Engineering S.r.l.,running on the Aosta–Torino Italian railway line,which includes a non-electrified urban track section and an electrified underground section.The hybridization is obtained by replacing one of the diesel generators installed on the original vehicle with a battery pack,which ensures the vehicle to operate in full-electric mode to complete its mission profile.The hybridization is also exploited to implement a regenerative braking strategy,which allows an increase in the energetical efficiency of the vehicle up to 18%.This work shows the sizing of the battery pack based on dynamic simulations performed on the Turin underground track section,and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the hybridization process.
文摘为提升电力机车制动产生的大量再生制动能量的回收利用率,同时兼顾补偿单相牵引供电系统在电网中引起的电压不平衡问题,本文提出了一种基于YNd变压器-多端口变换器的铁路混合储能系统(YNd-multiport converter based railway hybrid energy storage system,YNd-MC-RHESS)。首先,分析了YNd-MC-RHESS的工作原理及其工作模式。其次,以提高再生制动能量的利用率为主要目标,基于非线性电流控制,提出了多端口变换器的功率优化调控策略,在交流/直流(AC/DC)变换器中引入非线性控制,提升了多端口变换器的响应速度与混合储能的能量分配效率。最后,基于典型工况,通过半实物动态模拟验证了所提控制策略可以调度功率在不同端口间按需转移,同时不同介质储能功率可合理分配与存储释放。实验结果表明,混合储能装置投入后,再生制动能量的利用率为93.67%,实现了再生制动能量的高效利用。
文摘具有再生制动功能的电动汽车制动系统与传统燃油汽车的摩擦制动系统不同,在回收部分制动能量的同时其制动稳定性会发生变化.在保证安全制动距离的前提下,制动能量回收率的提高受到制动稳定性的制约和限制.针对电制动和常规摩擦制动组成的机电复合制动系统,建立了电制动力、电制动力矩和电池充电功率计算模型.考虑到电机转矩特性和电池充电功率限制,以最大化回收制动能量为目标,设计3种不同的机电复合制动控制策略.通过在ADVISOR软件中建立嵌入式仿真模块对制动能量回收率、电池荷电状态和纯电动模式的续驶里程进行了仿真计算和分析.计算结果表明:I曲线和ECE(Economic Commissionof Europe safety regulations)法规边界线都不是理想的制动力分配曲线,所提出的制动力分配曲线OABCD综合性能较好,制动能量回收率达到59.56%,且一个循环的荷电状态变化很小,仅降低了4.29%.实车试验表明能量回收能够提高续驶里程.
