Understanding why elements are distributed in tree xylem in a particular way is a significant challenge in dendrochemistry.This study explored a hypothesis that metal elements in the xylem interact due to differences ...Understanding why elements are distributed in tree xylem in a particular way is a significant challenge in dendrochemistry.This study explored a hypothesis that metal elements in the xylem interact due to differences in physical properties such as ionic radius and ionization potential.Scots pine in an even-aged stand established during the early 1970s in eastern Siberia was the study species.Increment cores were taken from the north and south sides of trees and scanned with an X-ray fluorescent multi scanner.With the help of X-ray scanning,the following elements were analyzed:aluminum(Al),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),titanium(Ti),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),copper(Cu),strontium(Sr)and zinc(Zn).Scanning data on the elements were split into early-wood and late-wood data for each year of growth.The following ratios were analyzed:Ca/Sr,Fe/Ca,Fe/Sr,Al/Cu,Al/Zn,Ti/Mn,and Mn/K.Among these,ones having a consistent pattern across tree rings,the ratios show a more or less dependable relationship:that an element shows a larger decrease(relative another element)that has a larger ionic radius and lower ionization potential.Hypothetically,this may be due to the advantage of an ion with smaller ionic radius and higher ionization potential under a deficit of accommodation centers in organic molecules.An experiment approach should be applied to clarify the relationships.展开更多
Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as growth.Howev...Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as growth.However,as nutrients become less available in the soil,the remobilization of nutrients in biomass tissues(plant internal cycling)helps sustain tree nutrition.Our study aims to quantify the impact of Removing Harvest Residues and Litter(RHRL)during five years on tree growth,wood density,and stem wood nutrient concentrations in young beech and oak forest stands.Result:Our study found that,RHRL significantly decreased tree growth ring width by 14%,and wood density by 3%,in beech trees,in near bark rings.RHRL also significantly reduced nutrient concentration in near bark and near pith areas of both studied species.Mg,Na and S were found lower by 44%,76%,and 56%,respectively,in near bark area of beech trees.In near bark area of oak trees,K,Ca,Mg,Na,S,and Fe were lower by 20%,25%,41%,48%,41%,and 16%,respectively.K and Mg concentrations decreased more strongly in near pith area compared to near bark area suggesting internal translocation of these two elements.Conclusion:In beech trees,wood density proved to be an important factor while quantifying the effect of removing harvest residuals on tree growth and biomass.Soil nutrient loss intensified the remobilization of nutrients con-tained in older tree rings(close to the pith)towards newly formed rings(close to bark).In our study,in beech trees,K was found to be the most recycled major nutrient.These results demonstrate the potential of such analysis for providing valuable insight into the effect of RHRL in premature stands on the physiological adaptive strategies of trees and an indication of soil fertility status.展开更多
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation(grant No.:23-44-00067).
文摘Understanding why elements are distributed in tree xylem in a particular way is a significant challenge in dendrochemistry.This study explored a hypothesis that metal elements in the xylem interact due to differences in physical properties such as ionic radius and ionization potential.Scots pine in an even-aged stand established during the early 1970s in eastern Siberia was the study species.Increment cores were taken from the north and south sides of trees and scanned with an X-ray fluorescent multi scanner.With the help of X-ray scanning,the following elements were analyzed:aluminum(Al),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),titanium(Ti),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),copper(Cu),strontium(Sr)and zinc(Zn).Scanning data on the elements were split into early-wood and late-wood data for each year of growth.The following ratios were analyzed:Ca/Sr,Fe/Ca,Fe/Sr,Al/Cu,Al/Zn,Ti/Mn,and Mn/K.Among these,ones having a consistent pattern across tree rings,the ratios show a more or less dependable relationship:that an element shows a larger decrease(relative another element)that has a larger ionic radius and lower ionization potential.Hypothetically,this may be due to the advantage of an ion with smaller ionic radius and higher ionization potential under a deficit of accommodation centers in organic molecules.An experiment approach should be applied to clarify the relationships.
基金This work was supported within the XyloDensMap project,INRAE funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture under the convention n°A6.01/2017.
文摘Background:Higher exportation of harvest residues from forests due to increased demand for woody biomass,has reportedly diminished soil mineral resources and may lead to degraded tree nutrition as well as growth.However,as nutrients become less available in the soil,the remobilization of nutrients in biomass tissues(plant internal cycling)helps sustain tree nutrition.Our study aims to quantify the impact of Removing Harvest Residues and Litter(RHRL)during five years on tree growth,wood density,and stem wood nutrient concentrations in young beech and oak forest stands.Result:Our study found that,RHRL significantly decreased tree growth ring width by 14%,and wood density by 3%,in beech trees,in near bark rings.RHRL also significantly reduced nutrient concentration in near bark and near pith areas of both studied species.Mg,Na and S were found lower by 44%,76%,and 56%,respectively,in near bark area of beech trees.In near bark area of oak trees,K,Ca,Mg,Na,S,and Fe were lower by 20%,25%,41%,48%,41%,and 16%,respectively.K and Mg concentrations decreased more strongly in near pith area compared to near bark area suggesting internal translocation of these two elements.Conclusion:In beech trees,wood density proved to be an important factor while quantifying the effect of removing harvest residuals on tree growth and biomass.Soil nutrient loss intensified the remobilization of nutrients con-tained in older tree rings(close to the pith)towards newly formed rings(close to bark).In our study,in beech trees,K was found to be the most recycled major nutrient.These results demonstrate the potential of such analysis for providing valuable insight into the effect of RHRL in premature stands on the physiological adaptive strategies of trees and an indication of soil fertility status.
