The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Z...The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.展开更多
采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对不同发酵阶段低温大曲的真菌菌群多样性进行解析,探究低温大曲发酵过程中真菌群落结构的演替规律。结果表明,从入库前到拆曲,低温大曲中真菌菌群的超1指数和香农指数分别从156和2.90上升至376和4.29...采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对不同发酵阶段低温大曲的真菌菌群多样性进行解析,探究低温大曲发酵过程中真菌群落结构的演替规律。结果表明,从入库前到拆曲,低温大曲中真菌菌群的超1指数和香农指数分别从156和2.90上升至376和4.29,均依次在上霉、起潮火和潮火阶段出现显著提升(P<0.05)。马氏距离聚类分析结果显示,在潮火阶段之前,各阶段的低温大曲真菌群落结构各不相同,而在潮火阶段之后,群落结构趋于稳定。低温大曲发酵过程中共注释到9个优势真菌属(平均相对丰度>1.0%),包括覆膜孢酵母菌属(Saccharomycopsis)、威克汉姆酵母菌属(Wickerhamomyces)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)等,入库前,以Wickerhamomyces和Saccharomycopsis为主;上霉后,以Saccharomycopsis和根霉菌属(Rhizopus)为主。整个发酵过程中的核心类群由Wickerhamomyces、Saccharomyces和汉逊酵母菌属(Hanseniaspora)等组成,而入库后的特有类群主要由Rhizopus和Saccharomycopsis等组成。由此可见,上霉、起潮火和潮火阶段对低温大曲中真菌丰富度和多样性的提升具有促进作用,且潮火阶段对大曲中真菌群落结构的稳定亦有着积极影响。展开更多
基金supported by the Cooperation Project of Luzhou Laojiao Co.,Ltd.Sichuan University (21H0997)。
文摘The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.
文摘采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术对不同发酵阶段低温大曲的真菌菌群多样性进行解析,探究低温大曲发酵过程中真菌群落结构的演替规律。结果表明,从入库前到拆曲,低温大曲中真菌菌群的超1指数和香农指数分别从156和2.90上升至376和4.29,均依次在上霉、起潮火和潮火阶段出现显著提升(P<0.05)。马氏距离聚类分析结果显示,在潮火阶段之前,各阶段的低温大曲真菌群落结构各不相同,而在潮火阶段之后,群落结构趋于稳定。低温大曲发酵过程中共注释到9个优势真菌属(平均相对丰度>1.0%),包括覆膜孢酵母菌属(Saccharomycopsis)、威克汉姆酵母菌属(Wickerhamomyces)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)等,入库前,以Wickerhamomyces和Saccharomycopsis为主;上霉后,以Saccharomycopsis和根霉菌属(Rhizopus)为主。整个发酵过程中的核心类群由Wickerhamomyces、Saccharomyces和汉逊酵母菌属(Hanseniaspora)等组成,而入库后的特有类群主要由Rhizopus和Saccharomycopsis等组成。由此可见,上霉、起潮火和潮火阶段对低温大曲中真菌丰富度和多样性的提升具有促进作用,且潮火阶段对大曲中真菌群落结构的稳定亦有着积极影响。
