To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and...To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and function searching method(FSM).Specifically,the optimal working areas for the two clustering methods are first obtained quantitatively in terms of non-zero fraction(NZF)and singular value modularity index(SMI),in which the whole working area is divided into six sub-zones.Then,a judgement procedure is proposed for conveniently choosing the optimal DSM clustering method,which makes it easy to determine which DSM clustering method performs better for a given case.Subsequently,a conceptual model is constructed to assist project managers in effectively analyzing the network of projects and greatly reducing reworks in complex projects by defining preventive actions.Finally,the aircraft design process is presented to show how the proposed judgement mechanism can be utilized to reduce the reworks in actual projects.展开更多
With the widespread application of electronic communication technology,the resulting electromagnetic radiation pollution has been significantly increased.Metal matrix electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materia...With the widespread application of electronic communication technology,the resulting electromagnetic radiation pollution has been significantly increased.Metal matrix electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have disadvantages such as high density,easy corrosion,difficult processing and high price,etc.Polymer matrix EMI shielding composites possess light weight,corrosion resistance and easy processing.However,the current polymer matrix composites present relatively low electrical conductivity and poor EMI shielding performance.This review firstly discusses the key concept,loss mechanism and test method of EMI shielding.Then the current development status of EMI shielding materials is summarized,and the research progress of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites with different structures is illustrated,especially for their preparation methods and evaluation.Finally,the corresponding key scientific and technical problems are proposed,and their development trend is also prospected.展开更多
产品结构的分解聚类在产品开发中有着重要的地位,在用设计结构矩阵(D es ign structure m atrix,DSM)对产品结构进行建模的基础上,通过遗传算法实现了产品结构分解聚类的智能化和分解聚类结果的最优化。在算法的设计过程中开发了一种对...产品结构的分解聚类在产品开发中有着重要的地位,在用设计结构矩阵(D es ign structure m atrix,DSM)对产品结构进行建模的基础上,通过遗传算法实现了产品结构分解聚类的智能化和分解聚类结果的最优化。在算法的设计过程中开发了一种对DSM进行二维编码的方法,并给出了在二维编码基础上的多点杂交和基本变异方法。在构造适应度函数时,综合考虑了DSM模型中各元素之间的联系、聚类的数目以及各聚类中元素的数目。最后以某摩托车发动机为例,用该算法实现了产品结构DSM模型的智能化分解聚类,验证了该算法的可行性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71471087, 71071076, 61673209)the Funding for Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (No. BCXJ17-11)the Research and Innovation Program for Graduate Education of Jiangsu Province (No. KYZZ160145)
文摘To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and function searching method(FSM).Specifically,the optimal working areas for the two clustering methods are first obtained quantitatively in terms of non-zero fraction(NZF)and singular value modularity index(SMI),in which the whole working area is divided into six sub-zones.Then,a judgement procedure is proposed for conveniently choosing the optimal DSM clustering method,which makes it easy to determine which DSM clustering method performs better for a given case.Subsequently,a conceptual model is constructed to assist project managers in effectively analyzing the network of projects and greatly reducing reworks in complex projects by defining preventive actions.Finally,the aircraft design process is presented to show how the proposed judgement mechanism can be utilized to reduce the reworks in actual projects.
基金The authors are grateful for the support and funding from the Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51903145 and 51973173)Natural Science Basic Research Plan for Distinguished Young Scholars in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JC-11)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(D5000210627)This work is also financially supported by Polymer Electromagnetic Functional Materials Innovation Team of Shaanxi Sanqin Scholars.
文摘With the widespread application of electronic communication technology,the resulting electromagnetic radiation pollution has been significantly increased.Metal matrix electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have disadvantages such as high density,easy corrosion,difficult processing and high price,etc.Polymer matrix EMI shielding composites possess light weight,corrosion resistance and easy processing.However,the current polymer matrix composites present relatively low electrical conductivity and poor EMI shielding performance.This review firstly discusses the key concept,loss mechanism and test method of EMI shielding.Then the current development status of EMI shielding materials is summarized,and the research progress of polymer matrix EMI shielding composites with different structures is illustrated,especially for their preparation methods and evaluation.Finally,the corresponding key scientific and technical problems are proposed,and their development trend is also prospected.
文摘产品结构的分解聚类在产品开发中有着重要的地位,在用设计结构矩阵(D es ign structure m atrix,DSM)对产品结构进行建模的基础上,通过遗传算法实现了产品结构分解聚类的智能化和分解聚类结果的最优化。在算法的设计过程中开发了一种对DSM进行二维编码的方法,并给出了在二维编码基础上的多点杂交和基本变异方法。在构造适应度函数时,综合考虑了DSM模型中各元素之间的联系、聚类的数目以及各聚类中元素的数目。最后以某摩托车发动机为例,用该算法实现了产品结构DSM模型的智能化分解聚类,验证了该算法的可行性。
