New sigma point filtering algorithms, including the unscented Kalman filter （UKF） and the divided difference filter （DDF）, are designed to solve the nonlinear filtering problem under the condition of correlated no...New sigma point filtering algorithms, including the unscented Kalman filter （UKF） and the divided difference filter （DDF）, are designed to solve the nonlinear filtering problem under the condition of correlated noises. Based on the minimum mean square error estimation theory, the nonlinear optimal predictive and correction recursive formulas under the hypothesis that the input noise is correlated with the measurement noise are derived and can be described in a unified framework. Then, UKF and DDF with correlated noises are proposed on the basis of approximation of the posterior mean and covariance in the unified framework by using unscented transformation and second order Stirling＇s interpolation. The proposed UKF and DDF with correlated noises break through the limitation that input noise and measurement noise must be assumed to be uneorrelated in standard UKF and DDF. Two simulation examples show the effectiveness and feasibility of new algorithms for dealing with nonlinear filtering issue with correlated noises.展开更多
From the viewpoint of system approach, karst drainage basin is the ideel unit in studying structure and evolutional regularity of karst hydrogeomorpholegical system, It is because the drainage basin is a natural unit ...From the viewpoint of system approach, karst drainage basin is the ideel unit in studying structure and evolutional regularity of karst hydrogeomorpholegical system, It is because the drainage basin is a natural unit with clear border which can reflect the internal structure and outside environment of the system and their interrelation. Through the research on karst hydrology and geomorphology, four basic characteristics of the karst drainage basin have been identified.展开更多
Some profile of a rock section and some isopleth of a fractured surface of the rock were divided each into three parts. Then three parts were measured by dividers method and lattice method. It was discovered that the...Some profile of a rock section and some isopleth of a fractured surface of the rock were divided each into three parts. Then three parts were measured by dividers method and lattice method. It was discovered that the fractal dimensions of the three parts were remarkably different, so the fractured surface of rock was not simple fractal but multi range fractals.展开更多
Service composition is a hot and active research area in service-oriented computing which has gained great momentum. An quality of service (QoS) oriented and tree-based approach was proposed to implement service compo...Service composition is a hot and active research area in service-oriented computing which has gained great momentum. An quality of service (QoS) oriented and tree-based approach was proposed to implement service composition efficiently. Firstly, service descriptions were transformed to mapping relations which denote the association between input and output concepts. Then, the service composition problems were resolved by building mapping relation tree dynamically based on the divide and conquer method, and all mapping relation trees were combined without redundant branch to obtain the composition scheme. Finally, the optimal composition scheme was chosen based on quality of service attributes including the preference of service request. Experiment results illustrate that this method can improve the composition efficiency and reduce the searching time by increasing the number of services in repository.展开更多
Viral-mediated gene transfer of thymidine kinase ofherpes simplex virus (HSV-tk) has been used to confercytotoxic sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV) in a variety oftnmor cells. HSV-tk converts GCV into a phosphorylatedc...Viral-mediated gene transfer of thymidine kinase ofherpes simplex virus (HSV-tk) has been used to confercytotoxic sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV) in a variety oftnmor cells. HSV-tk converts GCV into a phosphorylatedcompound which is toxic for dividing cells by blockingDNA synthesis. Our previous study has shown展开更多
As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time de...As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time demand＂, which may lead to an imprecise inventory cost. Through the real-time statistic of the inventory quantities, this paper considers the precise （Q, τ） inventory cost model of dual supplier procurement by using an infinitesimal dividing method. The traditional modeling method of the inventory cost for dual supplier procurement includes complex procedures. To reduce the complexity effectively, the presented method investigates the statistics properties in real-time of the inventory quantities with the application of the infinitesimal dividing method. It is proved that the optimal holding and shortage costs of dual supplier procurement are less than those of single supplier procurement respectively. With the assumption that both suppliers have the same distribution of lead times, the convexity of the cost function per unit time is proved. So the optimal solution can be easily obtained by applying the classical convex optimization methods. The numerical examples are given to verify the main conclusions.展开更多
Based on image strip dividing, an effective and fast image retargeting algorithm is proposed for resizing images. First,we construct the image energy map using gradient magnitude of the pixels and calculate the accumu...Based on image strip dividing, an effective and fast image retargeting algorithm is proposed for resizing images. First,we construct the image energy map using gradient magnitude of the pixels and calculate the accumulated energy of each column,dividing the image into several strips by integrating similar energy columns. The reduced amount of dimension is decided in inverse proportion to the average energy for each strip. Then we retarget the image combining scaling with cropping in terms of each strip＇s reduced ratio. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of implementing fast image retargeting and preserving both the local structures and the global visual effect of the image.展开更多
(June 1-15, 1993) On June 5, the United Nations Environmental Programme held meeting at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing marking the 21st World Environment Day. Over 500 people from across the country and from ...(June 1-15, 1993) On June 5, the United Nations Environmental Programme held meeting at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing marking the 21st World Environment Day. Over 500 people from across the country and from UNEP and other international organizations participated the commemorative conference.展开更多
To investigate the judging problem of optimal dividing matrix among several fuzzy dividing matrices in fuzzy dividing space, correspondingly, which is determined by the various choices of cluster samples in the totali...To investigate the judging problem of optimal dividing matrix among several fuzzy dividing matrices in fuzzy dividing space, correspondingly, which is determined by the various choices of cluster samples in the totality sample space, two algorithms are proposed on the basis of the data analysis method in rough sets theory： information system discrete algorithm （algorithm 1） and samples representatives judging algorithm （algorithm 2）. On the principle of the farthest distance, algorithm 1 transforms continuous data into discrete form which could be transacted by rough sets theory. Taking the approximate precision as a criterion, algorithm 2 chooses the sample space with a good representative. Hence, the clustering sample set in inducing and computing optimal dividing matrix can be achieved. Several theorems are proposed to provide strict theoretic foundations for the execution of the algorithm model. An applied example based on the new algorithm model is given, whose result verifies the feasibility of this new algorithm model.展开更多
基金Projects(61135001, 61075029, 61074155) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20110491690) supported by the Postdocteral Science Foundation of China
文摘New sigma point filtering algorithms, including the unscented Kalman filter （UKF） and the divided difference filter （DDF）, are designed to solve the nonlinear filtering problem under the condition of correlated noises. Based on the minimum mean square error estimation theory, the nonlinear optimal predictive and correction recursive formulas under the hypothesis that the input noise is correlated with the measurement noise are derived and can be described in a unified framework. Then, UKF and DDF with correlated noises are proposed on the basis of approximation of the posterior mean and covariance in the unified framework by using unscented transformation and second order Stirling＇s interpolation. The proposed UKF and DDF with correlated noises break through the limitation that input noise and measurement noise must be assumed to be uneorrelated in standard UKF and DDF. Two simulation examples show the effectiveness and feasibility of new algorithms for dealing with nonlinear filtering issue with correlated noises.
文摘From the viewpoint of system approach, karst drainage basin is the ideel unit in studying structure and evolutional regularity of karst hydrogeomorpholegical system, It is because the drainage basin is a natural unit with clear border which can reflect the internal structure and outside environment of the system and their interrelation. Through the research on karst hydrology and geomorphology, four basic characteristics of the karst drainage basin have been identified.
文摘Some profile of a rock section and some isopleth of a fractured surface of the rock were divided each into three parts. Then three parts were measured by dividers method and lattice method. It was discovered that the fractal dimensions of the three parts were remarkably different, so the fractured surface of rock was not simple fractal but multi range fractals.
基金Project(2007AA01Z126) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Service composition is a hot and active research area in service-oriented computing which has gained great momentum. An quality of service (QoS) oriented and tree-based approach was proposed to implement service composition efficiently. Firstly, service descriptions were transformed to mapping relations which denote the association between input and output concepts. Then, the service composition problems were resolved by building mapping relation tree dynamically based on the divide and conquer method, and all mapping relation trees were combined without redundant branch to obtain the composition scheme. Finally, the optimal composition scheme was chosen based on quality of service attributes including the preference of service request. Experiment results illustrate that this method can improve the composition efficiency and reduce the searching time by increasing the number of services in repository.
文摘Viral-mediated gene transfer of thymidine kinase ofherpes simplex virus (HSV-tk) has been used to confercytotoxic sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV) in a variety oftnmor cells. HSV-tk converts GCV into a phosphorylatedcompound which is toxic for dividing cells by blockingDNA synthesis. Our previous study has shown
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2007AA04Z102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6087407160574077).
文摘As one of the basic inventory cost models, the （Q, τ）inventory cost model of dual suppliers with random procurement lead time is mostly formulated by using the concepts of ＂effective lead time＂ and ＂lead time demand＂, which may lead to an imprecise inventory cost. Through the real-time statistic of the inventory quantities, this paper considers the precise （Q, τ） inventory cost model of dual supplier procurement by using an infinitesimal dividing method. The traditional modeling method of the inventory cost for dual supplier procurement includes complex procedures. To reduce the complexity effectively, the presented method investigates the statistics properties in real-time of the inventory quantities with the application of the infinitesimal dividing method. It is proved that the optimal holding and shortage costs of dual supplier procurement are less than those of single supplier procurement respectively. With the assumption that both suppliers have the same distribution of lead times, the convexity of the cost function per unit time is proved. So the optimal solution can be easily obtained by applying the classical convex optimization methods. The numerical examples are given to verify the main conclusions.
文摘Based on image strip dividing, an effective and fast image retargeting algorithm is proposed for resizing images. First,we construct the image energy map using gradient magnitude of the pixels and calculate the accumulated energy of each column,dividing the image into several strips by integrating similar energy columns. The reduced amount of dimension is decided in inverse proportion to the average energy for each strip. Then we retarget the image combining scaling with cropping in terms of each strip＇s reduced ratio. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of implementing fast image retargeting and preserving both the local structures and the global visual effect of the image.
文摘(June 1-15, 1993) On June 5, the United Nations Environmental Programme held meeting at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing marking the 21st World Environment Day. Over 500 people from across the country and from UNEP and other international organizations participated the commemorative conference.
文摘To investigate the judging problem of optimal dividing matrix among several fuzzy dividing matrices in fuzzy dividing space, correspondingly, which is determined by the various choices of cluster samples in the totality sample space, two algorithms are proposed on the basis of the data analysis method in rough sets theory： information system discrete algorithm （algorithm 1） and samples representatives judging algorithm （algorithm 2）. On the principle of the farthest distance, algorithm 1 transforms continuous data into discrete form which could be transacted by rough sets theory. Taking the approximate precision as a criterion, algorithm 2 chooses the sample space with a good representative. Hence, the clustering sample set in inducing and computing optimal dividing matrix can be achieved. Several theorems are proposed to provide strict theoretic foundations for the execution of the algorithm model. An applied example based on the new algorithm model is given, whose result verifies the feasibility of this new algorithm model.
