In this paper, we will address common psychological reactions to disability such as anxiety, depression, denial, and anger in the framework of a stage model. In addition, this paper will discuss specific societal aspe...In this paper, we will address common psychological reactions to disability such as anxiety, depression, denial, and anger in the framework of a stage model. In addition, this paper will discuss specific societal aspects that can impact reaction and adjustment to disability. In this vein, we will examine the specific effects of societal attitudes and stigma upon individuals with disabilities. Strategies for changing attitudes and facilitating adjustment to disability will also be discussed.展开更多
This article focuses on current and future disability public policy having potential implications for the Rehabilitation Act and vocational rehabilitation services in the United States. It explores several models of d...This article focuses on current and future disability public policy having potential implications for the Rehabilitation Act and vocational rehabilitation services in the United States. It explores several models of disability reflected in public policy, important historical legislation, and the relationship of the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) to the Rehabilitation Act. Competing issues and conflicts between the WIA and the state vocational rehabilitation agencies are discussed. A framework for analyzing disability policy is identified to project the future of disability policy, as well as, how these issues and conflicts may impact the survival of the rehabilitation profession.展开更多
In this article, I will discuss disability issues as a second and a half generation American of Chinese descent who has worked with persons with disabilities, has taught rehabilitation counseling as well as having bee...In this article, I will discuss disability issues as a second and a half generation American of Chinese descent who has worked with persons with disabilities, has taught rehabilitation counseling as well as having been a rehabilitation psychologist for more than 35 years in the U.S. and Australia. I am pleased to be able to share some of my thoughts and experiences in this article that is a bit less formal than what you may expect in a professional journal. Though I hope that what I share will provoke some thinking and action from those who read these words.展开更多
Objective:Active and passive smoking are common environmental risk factors,but there is no definite conclusion about their effects on relapse and disability progression in multiple sclerosis(MS)and neuromyelitis optic...Objective:Active and passive smoking are common environmental risk factors,but there is no definite conclusion about their effects on relapse and disability progression in multiple sclerosis(MS)and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD).Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study.Patients were included from four centers.Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the clinical database,while data involving environmental exposures during daily life,relapse,and disability progression were obtained through telephone follow-up interviews.Determinants of relapse were assessed by Cox proportional models,and disability progression was assessed by linear regression.Kaplan‒Meier survival was used to estimate relapse within five years after the first attack.Results:A total of 130 MS patients and 318 NMOSD patients were included in this study,and females accounted for 60%and 79.6%,respectively.MS patients with an active smoking history had a higher risk of relapse,for which the association became borderline significant after accounting for covariates(aHR=1.52,95%CI=1.00,2.31;p=0.052).The relapse risk between ever-smokers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and smokers who smoked less than 10 cigarettes per day was not significantly different(aHR=0.96,95%CI=0.63,1.47;p=0.859).However,exposure to passive smoking was associated with a reduced risk of MS relapse(aHR=0.75,95%CI=0.56,1.00;p=0.044)compared with never-exposed patients.No associations were observed between active smoking/passive smoking and the risk of NMOSD relapse,but patients with a history of smoking were associated with a lower annual progression rate by Expanded Disability Status Scale(EDSS)(aβ=−0.20,95%CI=−0.38,−0.01;p=0.036)and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score(MSSS)(aβ=−0.23,95%CI=−0.44,−0.03;p=0.028).Conclusion:Our research shows that active smoking increases the relapse risk of MS and has a negative impact on disability progression;thus,smoking cessation should be encouraged.展开更多
1脑性瘫痪《国际功能、残疾和健康分类（儿童与青少年版）》核心分类组合的开发背景1.1 ICF-CY产生背景世界卫生组织于2001年5月正式发布《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（international classification of functioning,disability and he...1脑性瘫痪《国际功能、残疾和健康分类（儿童与青少年版）》核心分类组合的开发背景1.1 ICF-CY产生背景世界卫生组织于2001年5月正式发布《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（international classification of functioning,disability and health,ICF）,为不同国家和学科提供一种统一的、标准的语言和框架来描述健康状况和与健康有关的状况^（[1—2]）。展开更多
Through norms,concessions,assessment and training,the article shows the importance of the rehabilitation approach to identify the ways in which to help the disabled person achieve his driving licence and,therefore dri...Through norms,concessions,assessment and training,the article shows the importance of the rehabilitation approach to identify the ways in which to help the disabled person achieve his driving licence and,therefore drive a vehicle. It shows the number of variants that exist for each system allowing the adaptation of various automobile functions to the needs of disabled people and in this way we can understand how even seriously disabled people with very complex situations can drive when the correct adaptations are identified.展开更多
Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become ex...Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become extremely important for patient risk stratification.Previous studies have shown that the vulnerable plaque,i.e.one that is prone to rupture with thromboembolic complications,is often associated with a thin fibrous cap,a large lipid core and a high inflammatory burden.The mechanism of plaque rupture is not entirely clear but is thought to be a multi-factorial process involving thinning and weakening of the fibrous cap by enzymes secreted by activa-展开更多
One of the basic aspects that determines the success or failure in the use of assistive technologies on the part of people with disabilities is constituted by the ability that provide a disabled person with the techno...One of the basic aspects that determines the success or failure in the use of assistive technologies on the part of people with disabilities is constituted by the ability that provide a disabled person with the technology that corresponds effectively to his needs and to his capabilities,thus to interpret correctly the problems and to find the right ways of transferring this technological "knowledge". If the aids answer the effective needs and capabilities of the person he can achieve significant improvement to reach the goals of his individual rehabilitative project. The article highlights the key factors of success.展开更多
The article is intended to introduce the readers to the concept and background of Web accessibility in the United States. I will first discuss different definitions of Web accessibility. The beneficiaries of accessibl...The article is intended to introduce the readers to the concept and background of Web accessibility in the United States. I will first discuss different definitions of Web accessibility. The beneficiaries of accessible Web or the sufferers from inaccessible Web will be discussed based on the type of disability. The importance of Web accessibility will be introduced from the perspectives of ethical, demographic, legal, and financial importance. Web accessibility related standards and legislations will be discussed in great detail. Previous research on evaluating Web accessibility will be presented. Lastly, a system for automated Web accessibility transformation will be introduced as an alternative approach for enhancing Web accessibility.展开更多
This paper examined epistemological directions of studies related to attitudes toward persons with disabilities and reviewed definitions and accruement of knowledge in this body of literature. Historical perspectives ...This paper examined epistemological directions of studies related to attitudes toward persons with disabilities and reviewed definitions and accruement of knowledge in this body of literature. Historical perspectives concerning attitudes toward persons with disabilities were linked to socio-political issues, civil rights movements, models of disability, and differing values in society. Philosophical input of recent studies were examined and centered on unique directions in the research literature concerning attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Implications that argue for continued research in attitudes toward persons with disabilities were discussed.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we will address common psychological reactions to disability such as anxiety, depression, denial, and anger in the framework of a stage model. In addition, this paper will discuss specific societal aspects that can impact reaction and adjustment to disability. In this vein, we will examine the specific effects of societal attitudes and stigma upon individuals with disabilities. Strategies for changing attitudes and facilitating adjustment to disability will also be discussed.
文摘This article focuses on current and future disability public policy having potential implications for the Rehabilitation Act and vocational rehabilitation services in the United States. It explores several models of disability reflected in public policy, important historical legislation, and the relationship of the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) to the Rehabilitation Act. Competing issues and conflicts between the WIA and the state vocational rehabilitation agencies are discussed. A framework for analyzing disability policy is identified to project the future of disability policy, as well as, how these issues and conflicts may impact the survival of the rehabilitation profession.
文摘In this article, I will discuss disability issues as a second and a half generation American of Chinese descent who has worked with persons with disabilities, has taught rehabilitation counseling as well as having been a rehabilitation psychologist for more than 35 years in the U.S. and Australia. I am pleased to be able to share some of my thoughts and experiences in this article that is a bit less formal than what you may expect in a professional journal. Though I hope that what I share will provoke some thinking and action from those who read these words.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20357)Program for Innovative Research Team of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC。
文摘Objective:Active and passive smoking are common environmental risk factors,but there is no definite conclusion about their effects on relapse and disability progression in multiple sclerosis(MS)and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD).Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study.Patients were included from four centers.Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the clinical database,while data involving environmental exposures during daily life,relapse,and disability progression were obtained through telephone follow-up interviews.Determinants of relapse were assessed by Cox proportional models,and disability progression was assessed by linear regression.Kaplan‒Meier survival was used to estimate relapse within five years after the first attack.Results:A total of 130 MS patients and 318 NMOSD patients were included in this study,and females accounted for 60%and 79.6%,respectively.MS patients with an active smoking history had a higher risk of relapse,for which the association became borderline significant after accounting for covariates(aHR=1.52,95%CI=1.00,2.31;p=0.052).The relapse risk between ever-smokers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and smokers who smoked less than 10 cigarettes per day was not significantly different(aHR=0.96,95%CI=0.63,1.47;p=0.859).However,exposure to passive smoking was associated with a reduced risk of MS relapse(aHR=0.75,95%CI=0.56,1.00;p=0.044)compared with never-exposed patients.No associations were observed between active smoking/passive smoking and the risk of NMOSD relapse,but patients with a history of smoking were associated with a lower annual progression rate by Expanded Disability Status Scale(EDSS)(aβ=−0.20,95%CI=−0.38,−0.01;p=0.036)and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score(MSSS)(aβ=−0.23,95%CI=−0.44,−0.03;p=0.028).Conclusion:Our research shows that active smoking increases the relapse risk of MS and has a negative impact on disability progression;thus,smoking cessation should be encouraged.
文摘1脑性瘫痪《国际功能、残疾和健康分类（儿童与青少年版）》核心分类组合的开发背景1.1 ICF-CY产生背景世界卫生组织于2001年5月正式发布《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（international classification of functioning,disability and health,ICF）,为不同国家和学科提供一种统一的、标准的语言和框架来描述健康状况和与健康有关的状况^（[1—2]）。
文摘Through norms,concessions,assessment and training,the article shows the importance of the rehabilitation approach to identify the ways in which to help the disabled person achieve his driving licence and,therefore drive a vehicle. It shows the number of variants that exist for each system allowing the adaptation of various automobile functions to the needs of disabled people and in this way we can understand how even seriously disabled people with very complex situations can drive when the correct adaptations are identified.
基金partially supported by the National 973 Basic Research Program of China (No.2013CB733803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.11272091)
文摘Introduction Stroke or heart attack,the leading cause of death and disability worldwide,is usually caused by rupture of atheromatous plaque.Therefore,the identification of vulnerable atheroma pre rupture has become extremely important for patient risk stratification.Previous studies have shown that the vulnerable plaque,i.e.one that is prone to rupture with thromboembolic complications,is often associated with a thin fibrous cap,a large lipid core and a high inflammatory burden.The mechanism of plaque rupture is not entirely clear but is thought to be a multi-factorial process involving thinning and weakening of the fibrous cap by enzymes secreted by activa-
文摘One of the basic aspects that determines the success or failure in the use of assistive technologies on the part of people with disabilities is constituted by the ability that provide a disabled person with the technology that corresponds effectively to his needs and to his capabilities,thus to interpret correctly the problems and to find the right ways of transferring this technological "knowledge". If the aids answer the effective needs and capabilities of the person he can achieve significant improvement to reach the goals of his individual rehabilitative project. The article highlights the key factors of success.
文摘The article is intended to introduce the readers to the concept and background of Web accessibility in the United States. I will first discuss different definitions of Web accessibility. The beneficiaries of accessible Web or the sufferers from inaccessible Web will be discussed based on the type of disability. The importance of Web accessibility will be introduced from the perspectives of ethical, demographic, legal, and financial importance. Web accessibility related standards and legislations will be discussed in great detail. Previous research on evaluating Web accessibility will be presented. Lastly, a system for automated Web accessibility transformation will be introduced as an alternative approach for enhancing Web accessibility.
文摘This paper examined epistemological directions of studies related to attitudes toward persons with disabilities and reviewed definitions and accruement of knowledge in this body of literature. Historical perspectives concerning attitudes toward persons with disabilities were linked to socio-political issues, civil rights movements, models of disability, and differing values in society. Philosophical input of recent studies were examined and centered on unique directions in the research literature concerning attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Implications that argue for continued research in attitudes toward persons with disabilities were discussed.
