Eleven plant species were collected from the vicinity of lead-battery plant in the city of Gaziantep,Turkey.Lead,cadmium and copper concentrations in the soil and leaves of plants were determined by atomic absorption ...Eleven plant species were collected from the vicinity of lead-battery plant in the city of Gaziantep,Turkey.Lead,cadmium and copper concentrations in the soil and leaves of plants were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.Lead,Cd and Cu concentrations in the soil samples taken from battery area were found to be in the ranges of 304～602,0.4～0.44 and 31～37 mg·kg-1,respectively.Significantly increased lead concentration up to 2 750 mg·kg-1 was found in the leaves of Eleagnus angustifolia L.plant.The lead concentrations in the other plant leaves taken from 50 m around battery factory followed the order Ailanthus altissima>Morus sp.>Juglans regia L.>Ficus carica L.>Cydonia oblonga Miller>Prunus x domestica L.The plants,Populus nigra L.,Eleagnus angustifolia L.and Salix sp.were found useful for Cd,and the plant,Eleagnus angustifolia L.for Pb,to be considered as potential biomonitor.Especially,leaves of trees and plants taken from the distance of 50 m from battery plant have relatively higher Pb concentrations.Therefore,people who and animals which live in this area and benefit from these soil and plants have vital risks.展开更多
Eleven important medicinal plants generally used by the people of Turkey for the treatment of common cold have been studied for their mineral contents.Eleven minor and major elements(essential,non-essential and toxic)...Eleven important medicinal plants generally used by the people of Turkey for the treatment of common cold have been studied for their mineral contents.Eleven minor and major elements(essential,non-essential and toxic)were identified in the Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L.,Althaea officinalis L.,Verbascum phlomoides L.,Euphorbia chamaesyce L.,Zizyphus jujube Miller,Peganum harmala L.,Arum dioscoridis Sm.,Sambucus nigra L.,Piper longum L.,Tussilago farfara L.and Elettaria cardamomum Maton by employing flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry and electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry.Microwave digestion procedure for total concentration was applied under optimized conditions for dissolution of medicinal plants.Plant based biological certified reference materials(CRMs)served as standards for quantification.These elements are found to be present in varying concentrations in the studied plants.The baseline data presented in this work can be used in understanding the role of essential,non-essential and toxic elements in nutritive,preventive and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants.展开更多
Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants...Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants may be closely related to the success of the latter.Accordingly,this study examines differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants in Eastern China.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants were all notably higher than those of native species.Additionally,the specific leaf area(SLA)values of invasive plants were remarkably lower than those of native species.Plasticity indexes of SLA,maximum branch angle,and branch number of invasive plants were each notably lower than those of native species.The reproductive allocation coefficient was positively correlated with reproductive branch number and the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio but exhibited negative correlations with SLA and aboveground biomass.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants may strongly influence the success of their invasions.展开更多
Let P（s, δ） be a sphere plant family described by the transfer function set where the coefficients of the denominator and numerator polynomials are affine in a real uncertain parameter vector δ satisfying the Eucl...Let P（s, δ） be a sphere plant family described by the transfer function set where the coefficients of the denominator and numerator polynomials are affine in a real uncertain parameter vector δ satisfying the Euclidean norm constraint ｜｜δ｜｜〈δ. The concept of stabilizability radius of P（s, δ） is introduced which is the norm bound δs for δ such that every member plant of P（s, δ） is stabilizable if and only if ｜｜δ｜｜〈δs. The stabilizability radius can be simply interpreted as the ＇largest sphere＇ around the nominal plant P（s,θ） such that P（s, δ） is stabilizable. The numerical method and the analytical method are presented to solve the stabilizability radius calculation problem of the sphere plants.展开更多
It is generally believed that intelligent management for sewage treatment plants(STPs) is essential to the sustainable engineering of future smart cities.The core of management lies in the precise prediction of daily ...It is generally believed that intelligent management for sewage treatment plants(STPs) is essential to the sustainable engineering of future smart cities.The core of management lies in the precise prediction of daily volumes of sewage.The generation of sewage is the result of multiple factors from the whole social system.Characterized by strong process abstraction ability,data mining techniques have been viewed as promising prediction methods to realize intelligent STP management.However,existing data mining-based methods for this purpose just focus on a single factor such as an economical or meteorological factor and ignore their collaborative effects.To address this challenge,a deep learning-based intelligent management mechanism for STPs is proposed,to predict business volume.Specifically,the grey relation algorithm(GRA) and gated recursive unit network(GRU) are combined into a prediction model(GRAGRU).The GRA is utilized to select the factors that have a significant impact on the sewage business volume,and the GRU is set up to output the prediction results.We conducted a large number of experiments to verify the efficiency of the proposed GRA-GRU model.展开更多
Considering the ongoing climate transformations, the appropriate and reliable phenotyping information of plant leaves is quite significant for early detection of disease, yield improvement. In real-life digital agricu...Considering the ongoing climate transformations, the appropriate and reliable phenotyping information of plant leaves is quite significant for early detection of disease, yield improvement. In real-life digital agricultural environment, the real-time prediction and identification of living plants leaves has immensely grown in recent years. Hence, cost-effective and automated and timely detection of plans species is vital for sustainable agriculture. This paper presents a novel, non-invasive method aiming to establish a feasible, and viable technique for the precise identification and observation of altering behaviour of plants species at cellular level for four consecutive days by integrating machine learning (ML) and THz with a swissto12 materials characterization kit (MCK) in the frequency range of 0.75 to 1.1 THz. For this purpose, measurements observations data of seven various living plants leaves were determined and incorporate three different ML algorithms such as random forest (RF), support vector machine, (SVM), and K-nearest neighbour (KNN). The results demonstrated that RF exhibited higher accuracy of 98.87% followed by KNN and SVM with an accuracy of 94.64% and 89.67%, respectively, for precise detection of different leaves by observing their morphological features. In addition, RF outperformed other classifiers for determination of water-stressed leaves and having an accuracy of 99.42%. It is envisioned that proposed study can be proven beneficial and vital in digital agriculture technology for the timely detection of plants species to significantly help in mitigate yield and economic losses and improve crops quality.展开更多
The present situations of waste refrigerators recycling and disposing were analyzed. Three key technologies of layout design of recycling plants of waste refrigerators were presented as follows: 1) establishment of re...The present situations of waste refrigerators recycling and disposing were analyzed. Three key technologies of layout design of recycling plants of waste refrigerators were presented as follows: 1) establishment of recycling process of waste refrigerators; 2) the general plane layout of recycling plants; 3) the detailed layout of workshops of recycling plants. The focus of the three key technologies is to tackle the problem of the detailed layout of workshops of the recycling plants. By adopting Petri net, the model of logistics system of workshops was established and then optimized, and finally the detailed layout chart of recycling plants was gained. By adopting E-factory, the recycling plants were simulated. The results show that the method mentioned is effective.展开更多
This paper deals with species of the woody plants in China and their conservation problems. The floristic elements of woody plants was computed and the results indicate that the elements of Tropical Asia accounts for ...This paper deals with species of the woody plants in China and their conservation problems. The floristic elements of woody plants was computed and the results indicate that the elements of Tropical Asia accounts for the largest number of genus while the proportion of the elements of Temperate Asia is relatively small. For each of eight vegetation region, the number of woody plants was established and a list of the endangered and rare species was compiled. In regard to the problems of protecting the endangered precious and rare species at present we propose some workable solutions.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To carry out a literature survey on medicinal plants documented for use in malaria,and to create a comprehensive database documenting the usage and preparation of these medicinal plants for malaria.METHODS A...OBJECTIVE To carry out a literature survey on medicinal plants documented for use in malaria,and to create a comprehensive database documenting the usage and preparation of these medicinal plants for malaria.METHODS A search was done through Scopus,ScienceDirect,and PubMed,on all ethnobotanical surveys that were specifically done on medicinal plants used in malaria using the keywords″ethnobotanical″,″survey″,″ethnopharmacological″,and″malaria″.In addition,Dr Duke′s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database,and books on medicinal plants from the Library of Botany and Horticulture,Singapore Botanic Gardens,and the Medical and Science Libraries,National University of Singapore,were used in the search.Plants used specifically as quinine substitutes were also included.Plants that were reported to be used solely for fever(other than malarial fever),external application,or insect repelling property,were excluded.Data collected were analyzed according to family,genus,location of use,method of preparation,part used,and indication(treatment and/or prevention).RESULTS A total of 1739 plants from 185 families and 973 genera were reportedly used for malaria globally,with 59 plantsused in three or more continents.Of these,11 were used in four continents for malaria,and 7of these can be found in Singapore.Anti-malarial plants from the family Fabaceae and the genus Vernoniawere the most commonly reported.Most of the plants are prepared as decoctions,followed by infusions.Leaves were most frequently used,followed by roots,and bark.97.8% of the plants are used solely for curative purposes,1.8% of the plants are both curative and prophylactic,while 0.4% are solely prophylactic.Priority of plants for further research could either focus on geographical extent of use,plant family,or genus.CONCLUSION An extensive database documenting the medicinal plants used for malaria has been compiled.Sustained interest in anti-malarial medicinal plant research is evident over the past decade.Promising plants for further research is presented.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Su...OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Such important information may be permanently lost if not properly collated in time.METHODS Information on demographic data,plant-use methods and perception of usage was collated.Participants were recruited via the local newspapers,by word of mouth etc.The survey protocol was approved by the NUS Institutional Review Board.Fresh plant samples/photographs were obtained from the users and voucher specimens were kept.RESULTS Two hundredusers who have used a total of 103 species of fresh medicinal plants anytime in the last 5years participated in the survey.The five most commonly used plants were Clinacanthusnutans(34 users),Strobilanthescrispus(31 users),Pereskiableo(25 users),Aloe vera(18 users),and Zingiberofficinale(16 users).The top 3 most commonly cited medical conditions were diseases of respiratory system(50 users),neoplasm(29 users)anddiseases of circulatory system(20 users).A total of 173 users(86.5%)did not consult any healthcare professional for advice about plant usage,and only one user consulted the pharmacist.Some of the common reasons given for using fresh medicinal plants were recommendation by others(150,75.0%),efficacy(137,68.5%),and safety(117,58.5%).Most users(170,85.0%)were satisfied or highly satisfied with the outcome of plants used.CONCLUSION Two hundred users of fresh medicinal plants have been successfully interviewed and the information documented systematically in a database.The results suggest that fresh medicinal plants have a role to play in healthcare in modern society.The information collated will serve as a useful resource for identifying promising plants for future drug discovery efforts.展开更多
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects and the phytochemical constituents of methanol extracts of some plants used traditionally in kingdom of Saudi Arabia using castor oi...OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects and the phytochemical constituents of methanol extracts of some plants used traditionally in kingdom of Saudi Arabia using castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility test using charcoal meal method were examined.METHODS The methanolic extracts were initially assayed for their effects in castor oil-induced diarrhea at different doses(250and 500mg·kg-1 followed by their evaluation on the peristaltic movements in charcoal meal test.RESULTS The results of the present study indicates that,administration of the following methanol plant extracts;Rhazya stricta,Heliotropium bacciferum,Tribulus longipetalus,Achillea fragrantissima,Artemisia herba alba,Haloxylon salicornicum,Plantago coronopus,Cyperus conglomerates,Hordeum distichon,Eragrostis poaeoides,Astragalus spinosus,Lepidium sativum seeds induced a higher percentages of inhibition of diarrhea.While,the administration of Rhanterium epapposum,Moltkiopsis ciliate,Lasiurus hirsutus,Deverra triradiata,Lycium shawii.Echinops spinosus,Echinops hussoni,and Prosopis farcta were the least efficacy.The antidiarrheal effects of these plants might be due to their high contents of flavonoids and tannins.CONCLUSION It could be concluded that,the remarkable antidiarrheal effects of these plants attest to their utility in a wide range of stats of diarrhea.展开更多
Prior to commercialization of wild foods,their nutritional,ethnobotanical,anthropological and toxic details require to be investigated.Plants from the family of Amaranthaceae are used by indigenous communities as a so...Prior to commercialization of wild foods,their nutritional,ethnobotanical,anthropological and toxic details require to be investigated.Plants from the family of Amaranthaceae are used by indigenous communities as a source of nutrition in different plants of the world.This study focused on investigating the nutritional and biological activity,safety and potential of a tissue culture system of three plants from展开更多
Compact calli derived from immature spikelet of a foxtail millet variety—Jigu 11cann’t be directly used for protoplast isolation because of its firm physical structure,and must beloosened with subculturing in M<s...Compact calli derived from immature spikelet of a foxtail millet variety—Jigu 11cann’t be directly used for protoplast isolation because of its firm physical structure,and must beloosened with subculturing in M<sub>1</sub>,M<sub>2</sub> and M<sub>3</sub> media successively and altering these media compo-sitions.The loosened calli can be selected from the regulation and used for protoplast isolationsuccessfully.Rate of protoplast division in KM<sub>8</sub>P medium was 12.3—33.5%.Calli derivedthrough protoplast division are loose and cann’t be used directly for plan regeneration because ofits soft physical structure.When they were subcultured in N<sub>6</sub>—1,N<sub>6</sub>—2,N<sub>6</sub>—3 and N<sub>6</sub>—4 media,in which the media compositions were changed,the compact calli were obtained and 129 plantletswere regenerated from them.101 plants,which grew to maturity after transplanting the plantletsinto field,exhibited sterility in some degree.Most of the subsequent lines derived from the regen-erated plants were sterile and only two lines could get normal reproduction.展开更多
The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the performance of different plant species growing in different kinds of oil sands fine tailings,and to estimate the uptake of organic contaminants by plants from the...The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the performance of different plant species growing in different kinds of oil sands fine tailings,and to estimate the uptake of organic contaminants by plants from the oil sands fine tailings.In general,total hydrocarbon in the plant could be ranked(beginning with the highest)as:unweathered plant 4 tailings (UWT),Freeze Thawtailings(FT),weathered plant 4 tailings(WT),and consolidated tailings(CT) for the willow,poplar and cattails.For grass,CT amended with tailings sand and muskeg had the highest hydrocarbon level in the field treatment,however,other three kinds of tailings(FT,WT and UWT) had lower but similar to each other hydrocarbon levels.展开更多
While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observe...While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observed. The diurnal net photosynthetic rate(Pn) varied dramatically for all the plants studied. D. fragrans, Woodsia ilvensis and Urtica angustifolia all exhibited unimodal type Pn variation, with low Pn, weak photosynthetic capacity, and dramatic maximal photosynthesis(Pmax) changes. When compared to values for its associated plants, D. fragrans values were of intermediate level, indicating difficulty in adapting to its environment. Moreover, the nitrate reductase activity of D. fragrans was higher than that of only one species, Artemisia gmelinii. With increasing leaf maturity and chlorophyll content, D. fragrans exhibited declining LCP(light compensation point) and a relatively low LSP(light saturation point). Because of its overall relatively weak photosynthetic capacity, D. fragrans exhibited narrow ecological amplitude with respect to light adaptation.展开更多
The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its re...The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its regulations of protection of new varieties of plants conform to 1978 Act. At present, there is big debate whether China accedes to 1991 Act. This paper mainly discussed advantages and possibilities that China accedes to 1991 Act, and concluded that it is highly desirable that China should consider acceding to 1991 Act in order to contribute to development of system on protection of new varieties of plants.展开更多
Through the investigation on influence of temperature, humidity and effects of landscape in Harbin First Department Store （Hayibai） Center Recreational Square, the influence of landscape designing of plant on the en...Through the investigation on influence of temperature, humidity and effects of landscape in Harbin First Department Store （Hayibai） Center Recreational Square, the influence of landscape designing of plant on the environment was researched. Two improved suggestions were given after analyzing the results of the investigation. One is to further plan the market of designing of city recreational square, and to manage and maintain the city recreational square; the other is to make good policies to control and avoid some large scale political projects.展开更多
文摘Eleven plant species were collected from the vicinity of lead-battery plant in the city of Gaziantep,Turkey.Lead,cadmium and copper concentrations in the soil and leaves of plants were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.Lead,Cd and Cu concentrations in the soil samples taken from battery area were found to be in the ranges of 304～602,0.4～0.44 and 31～37 mg·kg-1,respectively.Significantly increased lead concentration up to 2 750 mg·kg-1 was found in the leaves of Eleagnus angustifolia L.plant.The lead concentrations in the other plant leaves taken from 50 m around battery factory followed the order Ailanthus altissima>Morus sp.>Juglans regia L.>Ficus carica L.>Cydonia oblonga Miller>Prunus x domestica L.The plants,Populus nigra L.,Eleagnus angustifolia L.and Salix sp.were found useful for Cd,and the plant,Eleagnus angustifolia L.for Pb,to be considered as potential biomonitor.Especially,leaves of trees and plants taken from the distance of 50 m from battery plant have relatively higher Pb concentrations.Therefore,people who and animals which live in this area and benefit from these soil and plants have vital risks.
基金Financial support from the Unit of the Scientific Research Projects of Innü University(Grant no:2008/34)
文摘Eleven important medicinal plants generally used by the people of Turkey for the treatment of common cold have been studied for their mineral contents.Eleven minor and major elements(essential,non-essential and toxic)were identified in the Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L.,Althaea officinalis L.,Verbascum phlomoides L.,Euphorbia chamaesyce L.,Zizyphus jujube Miller,Peganum harmala L.,Arum dioscoridis Sm.,Sambucus nigra L.,Piper longum L.,Tussilago farfara L.and Elettaria cardamomum Maton by employing flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry and electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry.Microwave digestion procedure for total concentration was applied under optimized conditions for dissolution of medicinal plants.Plant based biological certified reference materials(CRMs)served as standards for quantification.These elements are found to be present in varying concentrations in the studied plants.The baseline data presented in this work can be used in understanding the role of essential,non-essential and toxic elements in nutritive,preventive and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants.
基金Project(31300343)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment,ChinaProject(12JDG086)supported by Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Jiangsu University,China
文摘Because co-occurring native and invasive plants are subjected to similar environmental selection pressures,the differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants may be closely related to the success of the latter.Accordingly,this study examines differences in functional traits and reproductive allocation strategies between native and invasive plants in Eastern China.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants were all notably higher than those of native species.Additionally,the specific leaf area(SLA)values of invasive plants were remarkably lower than those of native species.Plasticity indexes of SLA,maximum branch angle,and branch number of invasive plants were each notably lower than those of native species.The reproductive allocation coefficient was positively correlated with reproductive branch number and the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio but exhibited negative correlations with SLA and aboveground biomass.Plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio,and the reproductive allocation coefficient of invasive plants may strongly influence the success of their invasions.
基金Project(JSPS.KAKENHI22560451) supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceProject(69904003) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(YJ0267016) supported by the Advanced Ordnance Research Supporting Fund of China
文摘Let P（s, δ） be a sphere plant family described by the transfer function set where the coefficients of the denominator and numerator polynomials are affine in a real uncertain parameter vector δ satisfying the Euclidean norm constraint ｜｜δ｜｜〈δ. The concept of stabilizability radius of P（s, δ） is introduced which is the norm bound δs for δ such that every member plant of P（s, δ） is stabilizable if and only if ｜｜δ｜｜〈δs. The stabilizability radius can be simply interpreted as the ＇largest sphere＇ around the nominal plant P（s,θ） such that P（s, δ） is stabilizable. The numerical method and the analytical method are presented to solve the stabilizability radius calculation problem of the sphere plants.
基金Project(KJZD-M202000801) supported by the Major Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,ChinaProject(2016YFE0205600) supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China+1 种基金Project(CXQT19023) supported by the Chongqing University Innovation Group Project,ChinaProjects(KFJJ2018069,1853061,1856033) supported by the Key Platform Opening Project of Chongqing Technology and Business University,China。
文摘It is generally believed that intelligent management for sewage treatment plants(STPs) is essential to the sustainable engineering of future smart cities.The core of management lies in the precise prediction of daily volumes of sewage.The generation of sewage is the result of multiple factors from the whole social system.Characterized by strong process abstraction ability,data mining techniques have been viewed as promising prediction methods to realize intelligent STP management.However,existing data mining-based methods for this purpose just focus on a single factor such as an economical or meteorological factor and ignore their collaborative effects.To address this challenge,a deep learning-based intelligent management mechanism for STPs is proposed,to predict business volume.Specifically,the grey relation algorithm(GRA) and gated recursive unit network(GRU) are combined into a prediction model(GRAGRU).The GRA is utilized to select the factors that have a significant impact on the sewage business volume,and the GRU is set up to output the prediction results.We conducted a large number of experiments to verify the efficiency of the proposed GRA-GRU model.
基金This research was funded under EPSRC DTA studentship which is awarded to A.Z.for his PhD.Research Council(DTG EP/N509668/1 Eng).
文摘Considering the ongoing climate transformations, the appropriate and reliable phenotyping information of plant leaves is quite significant for early detection of disease, yield improvement. In real-life digital agricultural environment, the real-time prediction and identification of living plants leaves has immensely grown in recent years. Hence, cost-effective and automated and timely detection of plans species is vital for sustainable agriculture. This paper presents a novel, non-invasive method aiming to establish a feasible, and viable technique for the precise identification and observation of altering behaviour of plants species at cellular level for four consecutive days by integrating machine learning (ML) and THz with a swissto12 materials characterization kit (MCK) in the frequency range of 0.75 to 1.1 THz. For this purpose, measurements observations data of seven various living plants leaves were determined and incorporate three different ML algorithms such as random forest (RF), support vector machine, (SVM), and K-nearest neighbour (KNN). The results demonstrated that RF exhibited higher accuracy of 98.87% followed by KNN and SVM with an accuracy of 94.64% and 89.67%, respectively, for precise detection of different leaves by observing their morphological features. In addition, RF outperformed other classifiers for determination of water-stressed leaves and having an accuracy of 99.42%. It is envisioned that proposed study can be proven beneficial and vital in digital agriculture technology for the timely detection of plants species to significantly help in mitigate yield and economic losses and improve crops quality.
文摘The present situations of waste refrigerators recycling and disposing were analyzed. Three key technologies of layout design of recycling plants of waste refrigerators were presented as follows: 1) establishment of recycling process of waste refrigerators; 2) the general plane layout of recycling plants; 3) the detailed layout of workshops of recycling plants. The focus of the three key technologies is to tackle the problem of the detailed layout of workshops of the recycling plants. By adopting Petri net, the model of logistics system of workshops was established and then optimized, and finally the detailed layout chart of recycling plants was gained. By adopting E-factory, the recycling plants were simulated. The results show that the method mentioned is effective.
文摘This paper deals with species of the woody plants in China and their conservation problems. The floristic elements of woody plants was computed and the results indicate that the elements of Tropical Asia accounts for the largest number of genus while the proportion of the elements of Temperate Asia is relatively small. For each of eight vegetation region, the number of woody plants was established and a list of the endangered and rare species was compiled. In regard to the problems of protecting the endangered precious and rare species at present we propose some workable solutions.
基金The project support by a research collaboration with Leeward Pacific Pte Ltd(R-148-000-172-592to KHL)an NUS Graduate Research Scholarship
文摘OBJECTIVE To carry out a literature survey on medicinal plants documented for use in malaria,and to create a comprehensive database documenting the usage and preparation of these medicinal plants for malaria.METHODS A search was done through Scopus,ScienceDirect,and PubMed,on all ethnobotanical surveys that were specifically done on medicinal plants used in malaria using the keywords″ethnobotanical″,″survey″,″ethnopharmacological″,and″malaria″.In addition,Dr Duke′s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database,and books on medicinal plants from the Library of Botany and Horticulture,Singapore Botanic Gardens,and the Medical and Science Libraries,National University of Singapore,were used in the search.Plants used specifically as quinine substitutes were also included.Plants that were reported to be used solely for fever(other than malarial fever),external application,or insect repelling property,were excluded.Data collected were analyzed according to family,genus,location of use,method of preparation,part used,and indication(treatment and/or prevention).RESULTS A total of 1739 plants from 185 families and 973 genera were reportedly used for malaria globally,with 59 plantsused in three or more continents.Of these,11 were used in four continents for malaria,and 7of these can be found in Singapore.Anti-malarial plants from the family Fabaceae and the genus Vernoniawere the most commonly reported.Most of the plants are prepared as decoctions,followed by infusions.Leaves were most frequently used,followed by roots,and bark.97.8% of the plants are used solely for curative purposes,1.8% of the plants are both curative and prophylactic,while 0.4% are solely prophylactic.Priority of plants for further research could either focus on geographical extent of use,plant family,or genus.CONCLUSION An extensive database documenting the medicinal plants used for malaria has been compiled.Sustained interest in anti-malarial medicinal plant research is evident over the past decade.Promising plants for further research is presented.
基金The project supported by the National University of Singapore(NUS)Academic Research Fund(R-148-000-137-112to KHL)NUS Provost Industrial PhD Programme Research Scholarship(to SYY)Singapore International Graduate Award(to SZ)
文摘OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Such important information may be permanently lost if not properly collated in time.METHODS Information on demographic data,plant-use methods and perception of usage was collated.Participants were recruited via the local newspapers,by word of mouth etc.The survey protocol was approved by the NUS Institutional Review Board.Fresh plant samples/photographs were obtained from the users and voucher specimens were kept.RESULTS Two hundredusers who have used a total of 103 species of fresh medicinal plants anytime in the last 5years participated in the survey.The five most commonly used plants were Clinacanthusnutans(34 users),Strobilanthescrispus(31 users),Pereskiableo(25 users),Aloe vera(18 users),and Zingiberofficinale(16 users).The top 3 most commonly cited medical conditions were diseases of respiratory system(50 users),neoplasm(29 users)anddiseases of circulatory system(20 users).A total of 173 users(86.5%)did not consult any healthcare professional for advice about plant usage,and only one user consulted the pharmacist.Some of the common reasons given for using fresh medicinal plants were recommendation by others(150,75.0%),efficacy(137,68.5%),and safety(117,58.5%).Most users(170,85.0%)were satisfied or highly satisfied with the outcome of plants used.CONCLUSION Two hundred users of fresh medicinal plants have been successfully interviewed and the information documented systematically in a database.The results suggest that fresh medicinal plants have a role to play in healthcare in modern society.The information collated will serve as a useful resource for identifying promising plants for future drug discovery efforts.
基金The project supported by King AbdulAziz City for Science&Technology(A-T-32)
文摘OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects and the phytochemical constituents of methanol extracts of some plants used traditionally in kingdom of Saudi Arabia using castor oil-induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal motility test using charcoal meal method were examined.METHODS The methanolic extracts were initially assayed for their effects in castor oil-induced diarrhea at different doses(250and 500mg·kg-1 followed by their evaluation on the peristaltic movements in charcoal meal test.RESULTS The results of the present study indicates that,administration of the following methanol plant extracts;Rhazya stricta,Heliotropium bacciferum,Tribulus longipetalus,Achillea fragrantissima,Artemisia herba alba,Haloxylon salicornicum,Plantago coronopus,Cyperus conglomerates,Hordeum distichon,Eragrostis poaeoides,Astragalus spinosus,Lepidium sativum seeds induced a higher percentages of inhibition of diarrhea.While,the administration of Rhanterium epapposum,Moltkiopsis ciliate,Lasiurus hirsutus,Deverra triradiata,Lycium shawii.Echinops spinosus,Echinops hussoni,and Prosopis farcta were the least efficacy.The antidiarrheal effects of these plants might be due to their high contents of flavonoids and tannins.CONCLUSION It could be concluded that,the remarkable antidiarrheal effects of these plants attest to their utility in a wide range of stats of diarrhea.
文摘Prior to commercialization of wild foods,their nutritional,ethnobotanical,anthropological and toxic details require to be investigated.Plants from the family of Amaranthaceae are used by indigenous communities as a source of nutrition in different plants of the world.This study focused on investigating the nutritional and biological activity,safety and potential of a tissue culture system of three plants from
文摘Compact calli derived from immature spikelet of a foxtail millet variety—Jigu 11cann’t be directly used for protoplast isolation because of its firm physical structure,and must beloosened with subculturing in M<sub>1</sub>,M<sub>2</sub> and M<sub>3</sub> media successively and altering these media compo-sitions.The loosened calli can be selected from the regulation and used for protoplast isolationsuccessfully.Rate of protoplast division in KM<sub>8</sub>P medium was 12.3—33.5%.Calli derivedthrough protoplast division are loose and cann’t be used directly for plan regeneration because ofits soft physical structure.When they were subcultured in N<sub>6</sub>—1,N<sub>6</sub>—2,N<sub>6</sub>—3 and N<sub>6</sub>—4 media,in which the media compositions were changed,the compact calli were obtained and 129 plantletswere regenerated from them.101 plants,which grew to maturity after transplanting the plantletsinto field,exhibited sterility in some degree.Most of the subsequent lines derived from the regen-erated plants were sterile and only two lines could get normal reproduction.
文摘The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the performance of different plant species growing in different kinds of oil sands fine tailings,and to estimate the uptake of organic contaminants by plants from the oil sands fine tailings.In general,total hydrocarbon in the plant could be ranked(beginning with the highest)as:unweathered plant 4 tailings (UWT),Freeze Thawtailings(FT),weathered plant 4 tailings(WT),and consolidated tailings(CT) for the willow,poplar and cattails.For grass,CT amended with tailings sand and muskeg had the highest hydrocarbon level in the field treatment,however,other three kinds of tailings(FT,WT and UWT) had lower but similar to each other hydrocarbon levels.
基金Supported by Funding(Topic 31072091/C020601)from the NSFC(Natural Science Foundation of China)(20082010)
文摘While comparing photosynthetic characteristics of Dryopteris fragrans(L.) Schott to those of several commonly associated plants in its native community, coordination between D. fragrans and its environment was observed. The diurnal net photosynthetic rate(Pn) varied dramatically for all the plants studied. D. fragrans, Woodsia ilvensis and Urtica angustifolia all exhibited unimodal type Pn variation, with low Pn, weak photosynthetic capacity, and dramatic maximal photosynthesis(Pmax) changes. When compared to values for its associated plants, D. fragrans values were of intermediate level, indicating difficulty in adapting to its environment. Moreover, the nitrate reductase activity of D. fragrans was higher than that of only one species, Artemisia gmelinii. With increasing leaf maturity and chlorophyll content, D. fragrans exhibited declining LCP(light compensation point) and a relatively low LSP(light saturation point). Because of its overall relatively weak photosynthetic capacity, D. fragrans exhibited narrow ecological amplitude with respect to light adaptation.
文摘The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its regulations of protection of new varieties of plants conform to 1978 Act. At present, there is big debate whether China accedes to 1991 Act. This paper mainly discussed advantages and possibilities that China accedes to 1991 Act, and concluded that it is highly desirable that China should consider acceding to 1991 Act in order to contribute to development of system on protection of new varieties of plants.
文摘Through the investigation on influence of temperature, humidity and effects of landscape in Harbin First Department Store （Hayibai） Center Recreational Square, the influence of landscape designing of plant on the environment was researched. Two improved suggestions were given after analyzing the results of the investigation. One is to further plan the market of designing of city recreational square, and to manage and maintain the city recreational square; the other is to make good policies to control and avoid some large scale political projects.
