This paper describes using NIRS to determine CP,NDF,RS,VC in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp pekinensis). Two hundred and forty-two samples of Chinese cabbage were collected from the main producing areas i...This paper describes using NIRS to determine CP,NDF,RS,VC in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp pekinensis). Two hundred and forty-two samples of Chinese cabbage were collected from the main producing areas in China for calibration and prediction of the four constituents above. The results of calibration showed that the multiple correlation coefficients between NIRS and chemical methods were 0. 9958,0. 9852,0. 9821 and 0. 9814,and the standard errors were 0. 398,0. 134,0. 098 and 0. 51 ,respectively. The correlation coefficients of prediction were 0. 994,0. 978,0. 974 and 0. 981 ,and standard errors were 0. 353,0. 127, 0. 108 and 0. 548,respectively. These results indicate that NIRS can be used to determine the four constituents of Chinese cabbage as accurately as chemical methods.展开更多
Rhizome atractylodes macrocephalae is the dry roots of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.It is one of commonly used Chinese medicine.In the "Shennong′s Herbal",it was listed as the top grade.It mainly contain...Rhizome atractylodes macrocephalae is the dry roots of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.It is one of commonly used Chinese medicine.In the "Shennong′s Herbal",it was listed as the top grade.It mainly contains volatile oil,atractylenolides,atractylodes polysaccharides,glycosides and amino acids.And it has the medical functions of good for spleen and intestine,diuretic and dehumidification,hidroschesis,miscarriage prevention and soon.In order to provide references for further development and utilization,this paper systematic arranged the Chinese medicine atractylodes chemical composition,pharmacological effects,processing technology and effect of processing technology on chemical composition and pharmacological action.展开更多
The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the traditional Tibetan medicine of Incarvillea younghusbandii were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 70 peaks were separated and 39 compounds were identified which accoun...The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the traditional Tibetan medicine of Incarvillea younghusbandii were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 70 peaks were separated and 39 compounds were identified which accounted for 66.2% of the total essential oil from the whole plants of I.younghusbandii.展开更多
The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the whole plants of the traditional Tibetan medicine of Codonopsis thalictrifolia Wall.were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 45 of them were i...The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the whole plants of the traditional Tibetan medicine of Codonopsis thalictrifolia Wall.were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 45 of them were identified by comparing their mass spectra with that of the standards in the database and the literatures.展开更多
The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the flowers of traditional Tibetan medicine of Cremanthodium brummeo-pilosum were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 33 compounds were identifie...The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the flowers of traditional Tibetan medicine of Cremanthodium brummeo-pilosum were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 33 compounds were identified which accounted for 63% of the total essential oil from the flowers of C.brummeo-pilosum.展开更多
The cellulase was used for extracting the volatile constituents of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt.The effects of the pH,the amounts and the fineness of cellulase were discussed.The average yield obtained was 4.05%.16 ch...The cellulase was used for extracting the volatile constituents of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt.The effects of the pH,the amounts and the fineness of cellulase were discussed.The average yield obtained was 4.05%.16 chemical components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)method.The cellulase extraction (CE)method was made a camparison with distillation extraction (DSE)method.展开更多
The constituents from the aerial parts of Eriophyton wallichii were analyzed by HPLC-MSn.A total of 7 peaks in the chromatograms were identified based on the detailed UV and tandem mass spectra analysis.Two of them we...The constituents from the aerial parts of Eriophyton wallichii were analyzed by HPLC-MSn.A total of 7 peaks in the chromatograms were identified based on the detailed UV and tandem mass spectra analysis.Two of them were confirmed by comparison retention time with those of authentic samples.展开更多
The development of molecular biomechanics parallels the development of molecular biology.As biological research moves towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellular functions,biomechanics research also mov...The development of molecular biomechanics parallels the development of molecular biology.As biological research moves towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellular functions,biomechanics research also moves to smaller and smaller scales from tissues to cells to molecules.In many ways,molecular biology and molecular biomechanics represent similar reductionist approaches that attempt to explain the complex cell by examining its constituent molecules in hope that their assemblies would help elucidate the cellular behavior.The development of molecular biomechanics is also driven,at least in part,by the development of molecu-展开更多
It is well known that turbo decoding always begins from the first component decoder and supposes that the apriori information is '0' at the first iterative decoding. To alternatively start decoding at two comp...It is well known that turbo decoding always begins from the first component decoder and supposes that the apriori information is '0' at the first iterative decoding. To alternatively start decoding at two component decoders, we can gain two soft output values for the received observation of an input bit. It is obvious that two soft output values comprise more sufficient extrinsic information than only one output value obtained in the conventional scheme since different start points of decoding result in different combinations of the a priori information and the input codewords with different symbol orders due to the permutation of an interleaver. Summarizing two soft output values for erery bit before making hard decisions, we can correct more errors due to their complement. Consequently, turbo codes can achieve better error correcting performance than before in this way. Simulation results show that the performance of turbo codes using the novel proposed decoding scheme can get a growing improvement with the increment of SNR in general compared to the conventional scheme. When the bit error probability is 10-5 , the proposed scheme can achieve 0.5 dB asymptotic coding gain or so under the given simulation conditions.展开更多
A laboratory experiment was carried out to determine the response of six groundnut varieties to infestation by larvae of Trogoderma granarium Everts （Coleoptera： Dermestidae） and their nutritional constituents. The...A laboratory experiment was carried out to determine the response of six groundnut varieties to infestation by larvae of Trogoderma granarium Everts （Coleoptera： Dermestidae） and their nutritional constituents. The improved groundnut varieties used included SAMNUT 10, RMP-91, SAMNUT 19, SAMNUT 23, EX-DAKAR and RRB. The crude fat content varied significantly among the varieties from 32.7% to 53.1% in EX-DAKAR and RRB, respectively. The seed varieties were not significantly different in crude protein, ash and moisture content. The moisture content ranged between 6.6% and 8.9% in EX-DAKAR and SAMNUT 19 varieties, respectively. The crude protein content ranged between 19.7% and 31.3% in SAMNUT 19 and EX-DAKAR, respectively. The ash content varied between 3.0% and 7.4% in RRB and RMP-91 varieties, respectively. The results showed that the seeds were attacked by the 4th instar larvae of T. granarium as indicated by percentage seed weight damage, seed weight loss and dust production. SAMNUT 10 variety had the least seed damage of 33.1%, 41.4% and 43.7% in 1 month, 2 and 3 months post-infestation. In view of the damage, it was evident that SAMNUT 10 variety had the least percent seed damage and loss suggesting the possible inclusion of the variety in breeding programme against the insect pest.展开更多
This paper discussed the definition and essential factors of green agriculture, including green ecological environment, green material energy input, application and the popularization of green agricultural technology,...This paper discussed the definition and essential factors of green agriculture, including green ecological environment, green material energy input, application and the popularization of green agricultural technology, the green behavior of worker, green policy regulations guarantee, fund support, supply and the production of green agriculture products, as well as the concept of green agriculture, structural mechanism and function. And finally existing problems in present green agriculture and five suggestions of green agricultural sustainable develonment were proposed.展开更多
文摘This paper describes using NIRS to determine CP,NDF,RS,VC in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp pekinensis). Two hundred and forty-two samples of Chinese cabbage were collected from the main producing areas in China for calibration and prediction of the four constituents above. The results of calibration showed that the multiple correlation coefficients between NIRS and chemical methods were 0. 9958,0. 9852,0. 9821 and 0. 9814,and the standard errors were 0. 398,0. 134,0. 098 and 0. 51 ,respectively. The correlation coefficients of prediction were 0. 994,0. 978,0. 974 and 0. 981 ,and standard errors were 0. 353,0. 127, 0. 108 and 0. 548,respectively. These results indicate that NIRS can be used to determine the four constituents of Chinese cabbage as accurately as chemical methods.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473549)National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund Project(31402237)+1 种基金National "Major New Drug Creation" Major Science and Technology Projects(2014ZX09304-306-04)Ministry of Education of the Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Fee(XDJK2015D016)
文摘Rhizome atractylodes macrocephalae is the dry roots of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.It is one of commonly used Chinese medicine.In the "Shennong′s Herbal",it was listed as the top grade.It mainly contains volatile oil,atractylenolides,atractylodes polysaccharides,glycosides and amino acids.And it has the medical functions of good for spleen and intestine,diuretic and dehumidification,hidroschesis,miscarriage prevention and soon.In order to provide references for further development and utilization,this paper systematic arranged the Chinese medicine atractylodes chemical composition,pharmacological effects,processing technology and effect of processing technology on chemical composition and pharmacological action.
文摘The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the traditional Tibetan medicine of Incarvillea younghusbandii were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 70 peaks were separated and 39 compounds were identified which accounted for 66.2% of the total essential oil from the whole plants of I.younghusbandii.
文摘The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the whole plants of the traditional Tibetan medicine of Codonopsis thalictrifolia Wall.were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 45 of them were identified by comparing their mass spectra with that of the standards in the database and the literatures.
文摘The chemical constituents of the essential oil from the flowers of traditional Tibetan medicine of Cremanthodium brummeo-pilosum were analyzed by GC-MS.More than 60 peaks were separated and 33 compounds were identified which accounted for 63% of the total essential oil from the flowers of C.brummeo-pilosum.
文摘The cellulase was used for extracting the volatile constituents of the Leonurus japonicus Houtt.The effects of the pH,the amounts and the fineness of cellulase were discussed.The average yield obtained was 4.05%.16 chemical components were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)method.The cellulase extraction (CE)method was made a camparison with distillation extraction (DSE)method.
文摘The constituents from the aerial parts of Eriophyton wallichii were analyzed by HPLC-MSn.A total of 7 peaks in the chromatograms were identified based on the detailed UV and tandem mass spectra analysis.Two of them were confirmed by comparison retention time with those of authentic samples.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health grants A1077343,A144902,A1038282,HL093723,HL091020,GM096187,and TW008753
文摘The development of molecular biomechanics parallels the development of molecular biology.As biological research moves towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellular functions,biomechanics research also moves to smaller and smaller scales from tissues to cells to molecules.In many ways,molecular biology and molecular biomechanics represent similar reductionist approaches that attempt to explain the complex cell by examining its constituent molecules in hope that their assemblies would help elucidate the cellular behavior.The development of molecular biomechanics is also driven,at least in part,by the development of molecu-
文摘It is well known that turbo decoding always begins from the first component decoder and supposes that the apriori information is '0' at the first iterative decoding. To alternatively start decoding at two component decoders, we can gain two soft output values for the received observation of an input bit. It is obvious that two soft output values comprise more sufficient extrinsic information than only one output value obtained in the conventional scheme since different start points of decoding result in different combinations of the a priori information and the input codewords with different symbol orders due to the permutation of an interleaver. Summarizing two soft output values for erery bit before making hard decisions, we can correct more errors due to their complement. Consequently, turbo codes can achieve better error correcting performance than before in this way. Simulation results show that the performance of turbo codes using the novel proposed decoding scheme can get a growing improvement with the increment of SNR in general compared to the conventional scheme. When the bit error probability is 10-5 , the proposed scheme can achieve 0.5 dB asymptotic coding gain or so under the given simulation conditions.
文摘A laboratory experiment was carried out to determine the response of six groundnut varieties to infestation by larvae of Trogoderma granarium Everts （Coleoptera： Dermestidae） and their nutritional constituents. The improved groundnut varieties used included SAMNUT 10, RMP-91, SAMNUT 19, SAMNUT 23, EX-DAKAR and RRB. The crude fat content varied significantly among the varieties from 32.7% to 53.1% in EX-DAKAR and RRB, respectively. The seed varieties were not significantly different in crude protein, ash and moisture content. The moisture content ranged between 6.6% and 8.9% in EX-DAKAR and SAMNUT 19 varieties, respectively. The crude protein content ranged between 19.7% and 31.3% in SAMNUT 19 and EX-DAKAR, respectively. The ash content varied between 3.0% and 7.4% in RRB and RMP-91 varieties, respectively. The results showed that the seeds were attacked by the 4th instar larvae of T. granarium as indicated by percentage seed weight damage, seed weight loss and dust production. SAMNUT 10 variety had the least seed damage of 33.1%, 41.4% and 43.7% in 1 month, 2 and 3 months post-infestation. In view of the damage, it was evident that SAMNUT 10 variety had the least percent seed damage and loss suggesting the possible inclusion of the variety in breeding programme against the insect pest.
文摘This paper discussed the definition and essential factors of green agriculture, including green ecological environment, green material energy input, application and the popularization of green agricultural technology, the green behavior of worker, green policy regulations guarantee, fund support, supply and the production of green agriculture products, as well as the concept of green agriculture, structural mechanism and function. And finally existing problems in present green agriculture and five suggestions of green agricultural sustainable develonment were proposed.
