Methamphetamine(METH)addiction is a severe and increasingly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder for which current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches remain limited and predominantly symptom-oriented.Exercise,as a s...Methamphetamine(METH)addiction is a severe and increasingly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder for which current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches remain limited and predominantly symptom-oriented.Exercise,as a safe,accessible and cost-effective non-pharmacological intervention,has emerged as a promising strategy to ameliorate METH-induced neurotoxicity and addiction-related behaviors.Growing evidence indicates that these benefits are closely linked to the regulation of exercise-induced biomarkers,defined as molecular indicators whose expression or activity is dynamically altered during or after physical activity.This review focuses on the core regulatory role of exercise-induced biomarkers in METH addiction and systematically summarizes their involvement in key neurobiological pathways,outlining molecular pathological mechanisms such as dysregulation of dopamine,glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter systems,neuroinflammation and oxidative stress,and epigenetic remodeling,and emphasizing how these processes converge on changes in candidate biomarkers in the brain and periphery.On this basis,the review describes how exercise modulates neural plasticity,neurotransmitter systems,inflammation and oxidative stress through biomarkers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),exerkines,inflammatory cytokines,metabolites and noncoding RNAs,with particular attention to neurotrophic and immune-related markers,microRNAs and other epigenetic regulators that can reverse METH-induced synaptic and structural abnormalities and promote recovery of cognitive and emotional functions.Advances in high-throughput omics technologies,including transcriptomics,metabolomics and multi-omics integration,are summarized to illustrate the screening and identification of key exercise-responsive biomarkers.Studies in METH-addicted animal models have revealed differentially expressed genes,signaling pathways(e.g.,PI3K-Akt,mTOR,Wnt)and core nodes such as NFKBIA and CXCL12 that may mediate the protective effects of exercise.The review further discusses the potential of exercisemediated biomarkers as objective indicators for diagnosis,dynamic monitoring of therapeutic efficacy and patient stratification.Multi-gene diagnostic models based on peripheral samples(e.g.,hair follicles,blood)demonstrate how biomarker panels can distinguish non-recovered,almost-recovered and healthy individuals,providing a molecular basis for staging METH use disorder and evaluating the impact of exercise interventions.The temporal dynamics of biomarker changes before and after exercise are highlighted,underscoring the value of longitudinal monitoring of factors such as BDNF,immune-related genes and circulating microRNAs to capture treatment-relevant windows of plasticity.In addition,the underlying molecular basis of exercise as an adjunct therapy and gene-targeted exercise strategies that leverage individual biomarker and gene expression profiles to optimize exercise prescriptions are summarized.Current conceptual and technical challenges are outlined,including heterogeneity of biomarker responses,individual variability,assay sensitivity and specificity,and gaps between preclinical findings and clinical application,together with future directions for integrating exercise with multi-omics,artificial intelligence-assisted biomarker discovery and,prospectively,gene-editing-based interventions.Particular emphasis is placed on the need to standardize exercise protocols,incorporate stage-specific and sex-sensitive designs,and combine exercise with pharmacotherapy and psychosocial rehabilitation in real-world clinical settings across diverse healthcare systems.Overall,this review aims to provide a comprehensive and integrated mechanistic framework and updated theoretical support for the application of exercise-mediated biomarkers in the diagnosis,therapeutic effect monitoring and personalized intervention of METH addiction,and to offer new and clinically relevant insights into the development of precision medicine strategies for substance use disorders.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA) and rheumatoid arthritis(RA) have long been framed as degenerative and autoimmune entities, respectively;mounting evidence instead supports a unified mechano-immune paradigm in which joint loading a...Osteoarthritis(OA) and rheumatoid arthritis(RA) have long been framed as degenerative and autoimmune entities, respectively;mounting evidence instead supports a unified mechano-immune paradigm in which joint loading and inflammatory signaling are reciprocally reinforcing. In this review, we synthesize advances across mechanotransduction(Piezo1;YAP/TAZ), focaladhesion/cytoskeletal regulation(vinculin, filamin-A;upstream talin-1/Kindlin-2/paxillin), and niche inflammatory mediators(HE4, IL-36/IL-38) to explain how mechanical stress and cytokines co-produce persistent catabolism, synovial invasion, and fibrotic remodeling. We articulate a dual-hit model in which OA is predominantly mechanical-overload-driven, with secondary inflammation, whereas RA is immune-driven but imposes abnormal mechanical stress that further distorts joint biomechanics;both converge on canonical hubs(NF-κB/MAPK/JAK-STAT) to accelerate matrix degradation and apoptosis. Building on this framework, we propose integrated multi-marker panels that combine mechanosensors and adhesion proteins with conventional assays(CRP, ESR, anti-CCP) to enhance differential diagnosis and prognostication, particularly in postmenopausal women, where estrogen decline heightens mechano-immune susceptibility, thereby offering a means to quantify the impact of mechano-immune dysregulation. Integrating mechanotransductive and cytoskeletal biomarkers with conventional serological indices has been reported to improve differential diagnosis between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in exploratory studies. While the magnitude of diagnostic gain varies across cohorts, combined biomarker strategies generally show enhanced discriminatory performance compared with single-marker approaches. These findings highlight translational potential but require validation in large, standardized clinical populations before routine implementation. Finally, we map translational opportunities spanning Piezo1 inhibition(GsMTx4), YAP/TAZ blockade(verteporfin), IL-36 axis antagonism(IL-36Ra, IL-38), anti-HE4 strategies for RA-ILD, and adhesion-stabilizing approaches, alongside mechanoresponsive biomaterials for regenerative applications and precision medicine guided by biomarker profiles. Collectively, this review reframes OA and RA as mechano-immune syndromes and delineates a clinically actionable roadmap from biophysics to bedside.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with profound impact on patients’quality of life and long-term health,and early detection and intervention are particularly critical.In recent years,the ...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with profound impact on patients’quality of life and long-term health,and early detection and intervention are particularly critical.In recent years,the search for precise and reliable biomarkers has become one of the key strategies to effectively address the clinical challenges of PD.In this paper,we systematically evaluated potential biomarkers,including proteins,metabolites,epigenetic markers,and exosomes,in the peripheral blood of PD patients.Protein markers are one of the main directions of biomarker research in PD.In particular,α‑synuclein and its phosphorylated form play a key role in the pathological process of PD.It has been shown that aggregation ofα-synuclein may be associated with pathologic protein deposition in PD and may be a potential marker for early diagnosis of PD.In terms of metabolites,uric acid,as a metabolite,plays an important role in oxidative stress and neuroprotection in PD.It has been found that changes in uric acid levels may be associated with the onset and progression of PD,showing its potential as an early diagnostic marker.Epigenetic markers,such as DNA methylation modifications and miRNAs,have also attracted much attention in Parkinson’s disease research.Changes in these markers may affect the expression of PD-related genes and have an important impact on the onset and progression of the disease,providing new research perspectives for the early diagnosis of PD.In addition,exosomes,as a potential biomarker carrier for PD,are able to carry a variety of biomolecules involved in intercellular communication and pathological regulation.Studies have shown that exosomes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD,and their detection in blood may provide a new breakthrough for early diagnosis.It has been shown that exosomes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD,and their detection in blood may provide new breakthroughs in early diagnosis.In summary,through in-depth evaluation of biomarkers in the peripheral blood of PD patients,this paper demonstrates the important potential of these markers in the early diagnosis of PD and in the study of pathological mechanisms.Future studies will continue to explore the clinical application value of these biomarkers to promote the early detection of PD and individualized treatment strategies.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Galangin,apotent scavenger of free radicals,is used as herbal medicine for various ailments for centuries in Asia.With complex pathophysiology,ischemic stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and ...OBJECTIVE Galangin,apotent scavenger of free radicals,is used as herbal medicine for various ailments for centuries in Asia.With complex pathophysiology,ischemic stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and disability worldwide.We have reported that galangin provides a direct protection against ischemic injury as a potential neuroprotective agent and has potential therapeutic effects on the changes of serum amino acids for ischemic stroke;however,its mechanism on changes of amino acids in the ischemic brain tissue has not yet been clarified.METHODS In this paper,we explored the amino acid biomarkers of brain tissue in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia and the effect of galangin on those potential biomarkers with a rapid,sensitive and accurate methodology of simultaneous quantification of 12 AAs in rat brain tissue by the RRLC/QQQ.RESULTS we identified that glutamic acid,alanine and aspartic acid all showed significant change in galangin-treated groups compared to vehicle-treated rats and four pathway-related enzymes were identified by multiplex interactions with the three amino acids.With metabolite-protein network analysis and molecule docking,six of 28 proteins were identified and may become the potential biomarkers of galangin for acute ischemic stroke.CONCLUSION All data in our study provide thought for exploring the mechanism of disease,discovering new targets for drug candidates and elucidating the related regulatory signal network.展开更多
Estimate of the Deterministic Neutron RBE for Radiation-induced Pseudo-Pelger Huët Cell Formation R.E.Goans1,2,C.J.Iddins1,R.E.Goans,Jr.3(1.Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site,Oak Ridge,TN;2.MJW C...Estimate of the Deterministic Neutron RBE for Radiation-induced Pseudo-Pelger Huët Cell Formation R.E.Goans1,2,C.J.Iddins1,R.E.Goans,Jr.3(1.Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site,Oak Ridge,TN;2.MJW Corporation,Amherst,NY;3.LMU Debusk School of Medicine,Harrogate,TN)Abstract:Using archival peripheral blood slides from radiation accident patients,we have recently described the pseudo-Pelger Huët anomaly(PPHA)in neutrophils as a new radiation-induced biomarker,useful for dosimetry not only immediately after a radiation incident but also potentially helpful as a tool in retrospective dosimetry.展开更多
Objective:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated favorable efficacy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However,its clinical application remains limited by the lack of reliable and non-in...Objective:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated favorable efficacy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However,its clinical application remains limited by the lack of reliable and non-invasive biomarkers.Although existing histological biomarkers such as programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)and tumor mutation burden(TMB)can be used for reference,they rely on invasive sampling and are susceptible to tumor heterogeneity.This study evaluated a series of peripheral blood inflammation-related indicators,including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),and interleukin-6(IL-6),to explore their potential as non-invasive predictive and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC.Furthermore,a prediction model based on the above indicators was constructed to provide a practical and feasible tool for optimizing individualized clinical management in patients with resectable NSCLC.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 144 patients with resectable(stageⅠB-ⅢB)NSCLC who underwent surgery after receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy at the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,between 2019 and 2022.Peripheral blood-related indicators at baseline and before surgery were collected.Clinical data that might influence treatment efficacy were also recorded,including age,sex,body mass index,smoking history,pathological type,clinical stage,and use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.The relationships between peripheral blood inflammatory indicators(NLR,LMR,PLR,SII,and IL-6)and objective response rate(ORR),pathological complete response(pCR),major pathological response(MPR),and disease-free survival(DFS)were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to determine optimal cutoff values for each indicator.A prediction model for the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression combined with a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.Results:The median age of included patients was 58 years,and 91.0%(131/144)were male.Among pathological types,squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 74.3%(107/144),adenocarcinoma for 22.9%(33/144),and other types for 4 cases.The overall ORR,pCR,and MPR rates were 69.2%,42.4%,and 61.5%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that patients with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly higher ORR(P=0.007),pCR(P=0.027),and MPR(P=0.019).Lower baseline LMR was associated with a higher ORR.Elevated baseline PLR was significantly associated with pCR(P=0.014)and MPR(P=0.043).Increased baseline SII(P=0.015)and IL-6(P=0.043)were associated with higher MPR rates.Multivariate analysis showed that squamous cell carcinoma was an independent predictor of MPR(OR=7.34,95%CI 1.02 to 52.51,P=0.047),and lower baseline LMR was an independent predictor of ORR in NSCLC(OR=0.21,95%CI 0.05 to 0.92,cutoff value 3.12;P=0.04).Further survival analysis indicated that low baseline NLR(HR=0.363,P=0.014),low preoperative LMR(HR=0.260,P=0.018),and high preoperative SII(HR=0.278,P=0.003)significantly reduced the risk of DFS.A prediction model including 9 factors(age,pathological type,baseline NLR,baseline neutrophils,baseline IL-6,baseline monocytes,preoperative lymphocytes,preoperative SII,and preoperative LMR)was established for predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC,with an AUC of 0.818.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy demonstrates favorable clinical efficacy in patients with NSCLC,particularly in those with squamous cell carcinoma.Meanwhile,peripheral blood inflammation-related indicators may serve as important biomarkers for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC.展开更多
Neurocysticercosis is associated with central and peripheral immune system dysfunction;however,the cytokine expressions in individual studies are conflicting.The present paper aims to systematically review evidence of...Neurocysticercosis is associated with central and peripheral immune system dysfunction;however,the cytokine expressions in individual studies are conflicting.The present paper aims to systematically review evidence of central and peripheral cytokine alterations in neurocysticercosis integrating findings from various affective states.A meta-analysis was conducted in comparison of central and peripheral cytokine concentrations in patients with neurocysticercosis with control subjects.Fourteen articles with a total of 518 neurocysticercosis patients and 386 controls were included.Overall,concentrations of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)(P=0.0005)and IL-2(P〈0.00001)were significantly lower,but tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)(P〈0.00001),IL-4(P=0.00001),IL-10(P〈0.00001)and soluble ICAM-1(P〈0.00001),sIL-2R(P〈0.00001)were significantly higher in neurocysticercosis patients compared with controls.There were no significant differences of IL-6and IL-8levels between neurocysticercosis patients and control subjects although sIL-2Rand IL-6were low in CSF of neurocysticercosis patients,which was supported by only one study.These results indicate that a Th1/Th2 imbalance exists in neurocysticercosis,which may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.展开更多
In recent years,miR-124 has emerged as a critical modulator of immunity and inflammation.Here,we summarize studies on the function and mechanism of miR-124 in the immune system and immunity-related diseases.They indic...In recent years,miR-124 has emerged as a critical modulator of immunity and inflammation.Here,we summarize studies on the function and mechanism of miR-124 in the immune system and immunity-related diseases.They indicated that miR-124 exerts a crucial role in the development of immune system,regulation of immune responses,and inflammatory disorders.It is evident that miR-124 may serve as an informative diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the future.展开更多
The study of each part of petroleum system is necessary.However,recently,petroleum geologists focused their attention on the study of source rock, migration and accumulation with use of different geochemical methods.O...The study of each part of petroleum system is necessary.However,recently,petroleum geologists focused their attention on the study of source rock, migration and accumulation with use of different geochemical methods.Of these,carbon isotope and biomarkers or chemical fossils are new scopes in petroleum geology especially in correlation.The member 1 of Gachsaran formation can be divided into 6 keybeds,among them the B keybed is展开更多
Both viral diseases and cancer account for a large proportion of serious health problems. Viral infection and cancer are biologically and medically correlated and in many ways share common cellular pathways that lead ...Both viral diseases and cancer account for a large proportion of serious health problems. Viral infection and cancer are biologically and medically correlated and in many ways share common cellular pathways that lead to disease development or progression. Better understanding how these signaling events are specifically activated by different pathogenic stimuli and how they activate different downstream transcriptions in response to these stimuli at high specificity and efficiency will provide a new molecular basis for the development of novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic or preventive targets against both classes of diseases. Research in our laboratory has been prompted to investigate the regulation and modes of action of these pathways, with a more intensive focus on the NF-κB signaling, in the settings of severe or oncogenic viral infection as well as cancer development. It is hoped that our research will lead to eventual clinical application of biomarkers derived from these signaling pathways.展开更多
Saturated hydracarbon of coal,carbonaceous mudstone and oils from the Lower Jurassic coal measures in the Turpan basin were studied,and biomarker characteristics and coal thermal maturity analyzed to draw the followin...Saturated hydracarbon of coal,carbonaceous mudstone and oils from the Lower Jurassic coal measures in the Turpan basin were studied,and biomarker characteristics and coal thermal maturity analyzed to draw the following conclusions. There are many similar biomarker characteristics between oil from middl-lower Jurassic of Turpan Basin and coal and carbonaceous mudstone in the same strata. They all contain specific r-lupane, I-norbietane, C24-tetracyclic and high content of C29-steranes. These characteristics suggest that they have similar matter source of the organic matter derived from matter with abundant high plants. Meanwhile, biomarkers often used to indicate depositional environments characterized by high Pr/Ph ratio, little or no gammacerane and high abundance dibenzofurans, such biomarker distributions are indicative of suboxic and freshwater environment. Although coal and carbonaceous mudstone remain in lower thermal maturity (Ro=0.47-0.53), but C29-ββ/(αα+ββ) sterane ratio (0.294-0.489) and bezohopane are detected. Because these ferture are related to bacterial activity, bacterial degrdation of organic matter maybe take an important role in coal-derived oil.展开更多
Exosomes,ubiquitously present in body fluids,serve as non-invasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis,monitoring,and treatment.As intercellular messengers,exosomes encapsulate a rich array of proteins,nucleic acids,and ...Exosomes,ubiquitously present in body fluids,serve as non-invasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis,monitoring,and treatment.As intercellular messengers,exosomes encapsulate a rich array of proteins,nucleic acids,and metabolites,although most studies have primarily focused on proteins and RNA.Recently,exosome metabolomics has demonstrated clinical value and potential advantages in disease detection and pathophysiology,despite significant challenges,particularly in exosome isolation and metabolite detection.This review discusses the significant technical challenges in exosome isolation and metabolite detection,highlighting the advancements in these areas that support the clinical application of exosome metabolomics,and illustrates the potential of exosomal metabolites from various body fluids as biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Some problems often occur in the analysis for petroleum samples by GC-MS.When high content wax composes oil samples,the n-alkanes in saturated fraction would disturb the mass chromatograph distribution and result of b...Some problems often occur in the analysis for petroleum samples by GC-MS.When high content wax composes oil samples,the n-alkanes in saturated fraction would disturb the mass chromatograph distribution and result of biomarkers.The n-alkanes can be removed from the saturated fraction by complexation,which n-alkanes react with carbamide supersaturated in methanol solution.Nevertheless,levels of the complexation can also affect on the mass chromatograph distribution and result of biomarkers.This paper discusses these problems and measures.展开更多
基金supported by grants from The National Natural Science Foundation of China(82472611)The“14th Five Year Plan”Scientific Research and Innovation Team of Chengdu Sport University(23CXTD02)Sports Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Key Laboratory of Sports Medicine,General Administration of Sport of China(2025-A028)。
文摘Methamphetamine(METH)addiction is a severe and increasingly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder for which current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches remain limited and predominantly symptom-oriented.Exercise,as a safe,accessible and cost-effective non-pharmacological intervention,has emerged as a promising strategy to ameliorate METH-induced neurotoxicity and addiction-related behaviors.Growing evidence indicates that these benefits are closely linked to the regulation of exercise-induced biomarkers,defined as molecular indicators whose expression or activity is dynamically altered during or after physical activity.This review focuses on the core regulatory role of exercise-induced biomarkers in METH addiction and systematically summarizes their involvement in key neurobiological pathways,outlining molecular pathological mechanisms such as dysregulation of dopamine,glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter systems,neuroinflammation and oxidative stress,and epigenetic remodeling,and emphasizing how these processes converge on changes in candidate biomarkers in the brain and periphery.On this basis,the review describes how exercise modulates neural plasticity,neurotransmitter systems,inflammation and oxidative stress through biomarkers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),exerkines,inflammatory cytokines,metabolites and noncoding RNAs,with particular attention to neurotrophic and immune-related markers,microRNAs and other epigenetic regulators that can reverse METH-induced synaptic and structural abnormalities and promote recovery of cognitive and emotional functions.Advances in high-throughput omics technologies,including transcriptomics,metabolomics and multi-omics integration,are summarized to illustrate the screening and identification of key exercise-responsive biomarkers.Studies in METH-addicted animal models have revealed differentially expressed genes,signaling pathways(e.g.,PI3K-Akt,mTOR,Wnt)and core nodes such as NFKBIA and CXCL12 that may mediate the protective effects of exercise.The review further discusses the potential of exercisemediated biomarkers as objective indicators for diagnosis,dynamic monitoring of therapeutic efficacy and patient stratification.Multi-gene diagnostic models based on peripheral samples(e.g.,hair follicles,blood)demonstrate how biomarker panels can distinguish non-recovered,almost-recovered and healthy individuals,providing a molecular basis for staging METH use disorder and evaluating the impact of exercise interventions.The temporal dynamics of biomarker changes before and after exercise are highlighted,underscoring the value of longitudinal monitoring of factors such as BDNF,immune-related genes and circulating microRNAs to capture treatment-relevant windows of plasticity.In addition,the underlying molecular basis of exercise as an adjunct therapy and gene-targeted exercise strategies that leverage individual biomarker and gene expression profiles to optimize exercise prescriptions are summarized.Current conceptual and technical challenges are outlined,including heterogeneity of biomarker responses,individual variability,assay sensitivity and specificity,and gaps between preclinical findings and clinical application,together with future directions for integrating exercise with multi-omics,artificial intelligence-assisted biomarker discovery and,prospectively,gene-editing-based interventions.Particular emphasis is placed on the need to standardize exercise protocols,incorporate stage-specific and sex-sensitive designs,and combine exercise with pharmacotherapy and psychosocial rehabilitation in real-world clinical settings across diverse healthcare systems.Overall,this review aims to provide a comprehensive and integrated mechanistic framework and updated theoretical support for the application of exercise-mediated biomarkers in the diagnosis,therapeutic effect monitoring and personalized intervention of METH addiction,and to offer new and clinically relevant insights into the development of precision medicine strategies for substance use disorders.
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA) and rheumatoid arthritis(RA) have long been framed as degenerative and autoimmune entities, respectively;mounting evidence instead supports a unified mechano-immune paradigm in which joint loading and inflammatory signaling are reciprocally reinforcing. In this review, we synthesize advances across mechanotransduction(Piezo1;YAP/TAZ), focaladhesion/cytoskeletal regulation(vinculin, filamin-A;upstream talin-1/Kindlin-2/paxillin), and niche inflammatory mediators(HE4, IL-36/IL-38) to explain how mechanical stress and cytokines co-produce persistent catabolism, synovial invasion, and fibrotic remodeling. We articulate a dual-hit model in which OA is predominantly mechanical-overload-driven, with secondary inflammation, whereas RA is immune-driven but imposes abnormal mechanical stress that further distorts joint biomechanics;both converge on canonical hubs(NF-κB/MAPK/JAK-STAT) to accelerate matrix degradation and apoptosis. Building on this framework, we propose integrated multi-marker panels that combine mechanosensors and adhesion proteins with conventional assays(CRP, ESR, anti-CCP) to enhance differential diagnosis and prognostication, particularly in postmenopausal women, where estrogen decline heightens mechano-immune susceptibility, thereby offering a means to quantify the impact of mechano-immune dysregulation. Integrating mechanotransductive and cytoskeletal biomarkers with conventional serological indices has been reported to improve differential diagnosis between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in exploratory studies. While the magnitude of diagnostic gain varies across cohorts, combined biomarker strategies generally show enhanced discriminatory performance compared with single-marker approaches. These findings highlight translational potential but require validation in large, standardized clinical populations before routine implementation. Finally, we map translational opportunities spanning Piezo1 inhibition(GsMTx4), YAP/TAZ blockade(verteporfin), IL-36 axis antagonism(IL-36Ra, IL-38), anti-HE4 strategies for RA-ILD, and adhesion-stabilizing approaches, alongside mechanoresponsive biomaterials for regenerative applications and precision medicine guided by biomarker profiles. Collectively, this review reframes OA and RA as mechano-immune syndromes and delineates a clinically actionable roadmap from biophysics to bedside.
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with profound impact on patients’quality of life and long-term health,and early detection and intervention are particularly critical.In recent years,the search for precise and reliable biomarkers has become one of the key strategies to effectively address the clinical challenges of PD.In this paper,we systematically evaluated potential biomarkers,including proteins,metabolites,epigenetic markers,and exosomes,in the peripheral blood of PD patients.Protein markers are one of the main directions of biomarker research in PD.In particular,α‑synuclein and its phosphorylated form play a key role in the pathological process of PD.It has been shown that aggregation ofα-synuclein may be associated with pathologic protein deposition in PD and may be a potential marker for early diagnosis of PD.In terms of metabolites,uric acid,as a metabolite,plays an important role in oxidative stress and neuroprotection in PD.It has been found that changes in uric acid levels may be associated with the onset and progression of PD,showing its potential as an early diagnostic marker.Epigenetic markers,such as DNA methylation modifications and miRNAs,have also attracted much attention in Parkinson’s disease research.Changes in these markers may affect the expression of PD-related genes and have an important impact on the onset and progression of the disease,providing new research perspectives for the early diagnosis of PD.In addition,exosomes,as a potential biomarker carrier for PD,are able to carry a variety of biomolecules involved in intercellular communication and pathological regulation.Studies have shown that exosomes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD,and their detection in blood may provide a new breakthrough for early diagnosis.It has been shown that exosomes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD,and their detection in blood may provide new breakthroughs in early diagnosis.In summary,through in-depth evaluation of biomarkers in the peripheral blood of PD patients,this paper demonstrates the important potential of these markers in the early diagnosis of PD and in the study of pathological mechanisms.Future studies will continue to explore the clinical application value of these biomarkers to promote the early detection of PD and individualized treatment strategies.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81303261,81274133)the Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for″Significant New Drugs Creation″(2012ZX09103-201-055)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes of China(ZZ2014005,ZZ2014060)
文摘OBJECTIVE Galangin,apotent scavenger of free radicals,is used as herbal medicine for various ailments for centuries in Asia.With complex pathophysiology,ischemic stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and disability worldwide.We have reported that galangin provides a direct protection against ischemic injury as a potential neuroprotective agent and has potential therapeutic effects on the changes of serum amino acids for ischemic stroke;however,its mechanism on changes of amino acids in the ischemic brain tissue has not yet been clarified.METHODS In this paper,we explored the amino acid biomarkers of brain tissue in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia and the effect of galangin on those potential biomarkers with a rapid,sensitive and accurate methodology of simultaneous quantification of 12 AAs in rat brain tissue by the RRLC/QQQ.RESULTS we identified that glutamic acid,alanine and aspartic acid all showed significant change in galangin-treated groups compared to vehicle-treated rats and four pathway-related enzymes were identified by multiplex interactions with the three amino acids.With metabolite-protein network analysis and molecule docking,six of 28 proteins were identified and may become the potential biomarkers of galangin for acute ischemic stroke.CONCLUSION All data in our study provide thought for exploring the mechanism of disease,discovering new targets for drug candidates and elucidating the related regulatory signal network.
文摘Estimate of the Deterministic Neutron RBE for Radiation-induced Pseudo-Pelger Huët Cell Formation R.E.Goans1,2,C.J.Iddins1,R.E.Goans,Jr.3(1.Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site,Oak Ridge,TN;2.MJW Corporation,Amherst,NY;3.LMU Debusk School of Medicine,Harrogate,TN)Abstract:Using archival peripheral blood slides from radiation accident patients,we have recently described the pseudo-Pelger Huët anomaly(PPHA)in neutrophils as a new radiation-induced biomarker,useful for dosimetry not only immediately after a radiation incident but also potentially helpful as a tool in retrospective dosimetry.
基金supported by the Key Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2024PT5102)the Outstanding Youth Program under the Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Department of Education(23B0011)+1 种基金the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.2023-05-39)the Postgraduate Innovative Project of Central South University(2024XQLH151),China.
文摘Objective:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated favorable efficacy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However,its clinical application remains limited by the lack of reliable and non-invasive biomarkers.Although existing histological biomarkers such as programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)and tumor mutation burden(TMB)can be used for reference,they rely on invasive sampling and are susceptible to tumor heterogeneity.This study evaluated a series of peripheral blood inflammation-related indicators,including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),and interleukin-6(IL-6),to explore their potential as non-invasive predictive and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC.Furthermore,a prediction model based on the above indicators was constructed to provide a practical and feasible tool for optimizing individualized clinical management in patients with resectable NSCLC.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 144 patients with resectable(stageⅠB-ⅢB)NSCLC who underwent surgery after receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy at the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,between 2019 and 2022.Peripheral blood-related indicators at baseline and before surgery were collected.Clinical data that might influence treatment efficacy were also recorded,including age,sex,body mass index,smoking history,pathological type,clinical stage,and use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.The relationships between peripheral blood inflammatory indicators(NLR,LMR,PLR,SII,and IL-6)and objective response rate(ORR),pathological complete response(pCR),major pathological response(MPR),and disease-free survival(DFS)were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to determine optimal cutoff values for each indicator.A prediction model for the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression combined with a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.Results:The median age of included patients was 58 years,and 91.0%(131/144)were male.Among pathological types,squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 74.3%(107/144),adenocarcinoma for 22.9%(33/144),and other types for 4 cases.The overall ORR,pCR,and MPR rates were 69.2%,42.4%,and 61.5%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that patients with squamous cell carcinoma had significantly higher ORR(P=0.007),pCR(P=0.027),and MPR(P=0.019).Lower baseline LMR was associated with a higher ORR.Elevated baseline PLR was significantly associated with pCR(P=0.014)and MPR(P=0.043).Increased baseline SII(P=0.015)and IL-6(P=0.043)were associated with higher MPR rates.Multivariate analysis showed that squamous cell carcinoma was an independent predictor of MPR(OR=7.34,95%CI 1.02 to 52.51,P=0.047),and lower baseline LMR was an independent predictor of ORR in NSCLC(OR=0.21,95%CI 0.05 to 0.92,cutoff value 3.12;P=0.04).Further survival analysis indicated that low baseline NLR(HR=0.363,P=0.014),low preoperative LMR(HR=0.260,P=0.018),and high preoperative SII(HR=0.278,P=0.003)significantly reduced the risk of DFS.A prediction model including 9 factors(age,pathological type,baseline NLR,baseline neutrophils,baseline IL-6,baseline monocytes,preoperative lymphocytes,preoperative SII,and preoperative LMR)was established for predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC,with an AUC of 0.818.Conclusion:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy demonstrates favorable clinical efficacy in patients with NSCLC,particularly in those with squamous cell carcinoma.Meanwhile,peripheral blood inflammation-related indicators may serve as important biomarkers for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in NSCLC.
文摘Neurocysticercosis is associated with central and peripheral immune system dysfunction;however,the cytokine expressions in individual studies are conflicting.The present paper aims to systematically review evidence of central and peripheral cytokine alterations in neurocysticercosis integrating findings from various affective states.A meta-analysis was conducted in comparison of central and peripheral cytokine concentrations in patients with neurocysticercosis with control subjects.Fourteen articles with a total of 518 neurocysticercosis patients and 386 controls were included.Overall,concentrations of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)(P=0.0005)and IL-2(P〈0.00001)were significantly lower,but tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)(P〈0.00001),IL-4(P=0.00001),IL-10(P〈0.00001)and soluble ICAM-1(P〈0.00001),sIL-2R(P〈0.00001)were significantly higher in neurocysticercosis patients compared with controls.There were no significant differences of IL-6and IL-8levels between neurocysticercosis patients and control subjects although sIL-2Rand IL-6were low in CSF of neurocysticercosis patients,which was supported by only one study.These results indicate that a Th1/Th2 imbalance exists in neurocysticercosis,which may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81273606,81473259 to XL,81603116 to YS)National Science and Technology Major Project(grant number 2014ZX09J14103-08C to XL)
文摘In recent years,miR-124 has emerged as a critical modulator of immunity and inflammation.Here,we summarize studies on the function and mechanism of miR-124 in the immune system and immunity-related diseases.They indicated that miR-124 exerts a crucial role in the development of immune system,regulation of immune responses,and inflammatory disorders.It is evident that miR-124 may serve as an informative diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the future.
文摘The study of each part of petroleum system is necessary.However,recently,petroleum geologists focused their attention on the study of source rock, migration and accumulation with use of different geochemical methods.Of these,carbon isotope and biomarkers or chemical fossils are new scopes in petroleum geology especially in correlation.The member 1 of Gachsaran formation can be divided into 6 keybeds,among them the B keybed is
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (30872930)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2006Z3-E4081and 2007A03260001)Science and Technology Department of Zhuhai Municipality (PC20071076)
文摘Both viral diseases and cancer account for a large proportion of serious health problems. Viral infection and cancer are biologically and medically correlated and in many ways share common cellular pathways that lead to disease development or progression. Better understanding how these signaling events are specifically activated by different pathogenic stimuli and how they activate different downstream transcriptions in response to these stimuli at high specificity and efficiency will provide a new molecular basis for the development of novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic or preventive targets against both classes of diseases. Research in our laboratory has been prompted to investigate the regulation and modes of action of these pathways, with a more intensive focus on the NF-κB signaling, in the settings of severe or oncogenic viral infection as well as cancer development. It is hoped that our research will lead to eventual clinical application of biomarkers derived from these signaling pathways.
文摘Saturated hydracarbon of coal,carbonaceous mudstone and oils from the Lower Jurassic coal measures in the Turpan basin were studied,and biomarker characteristics and coal thermal maturity analyzed to draw the following conclusions. There are many similar biomarker characteristics between oil from middl-lower Jurassic of Turpan Basin and coal and carbonaceous mudstone in the same strata. They all contain specific r-lupane, I-norbietane, C24-tetracyclic and high content of C29-steranes. These characteristics suggest that they have similar matter source of the organic matter derived from matter with abundant high plants. Meanwhile, biomarkers often used to indicate depositional environments characterized by high Pr/Ph ratio, little or no gammacerane and high abundance dibenzofurans, such biomarker distributions are indicative of suboxic and freshwater environment. Although coal and carbonaceous mudstone remain in lower thermal maturity (Ro=0.47-0.53), but C29-ββ/(αα+ββ) sterane ratio (0.294-0.489) and bezohopane are detected. Because these ferture are related to bacterial activity, bacterial degrdation of organic matter maybe take an important role in coal-derived oil.
文摘Exosomes,ubiquitously present in body fluids,serve as non-invasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis,monitoring,and treatment.As intercellular messengers,exosomes encapsulate a rich array of proteins,nucleic acids,and metabolites,although most studies have primarily focused on proteins and RNA.Recently,exosome metabolomics has demonstrated clinical value and potential advantages in disease detection and pathophysiology,despite significant challenges,particularly in exosome isolation and metabolite detection.This review discusses the significant technical challenges in exosome isolation and metabolite detection,highlighting the advancements in these areas that support the clinical application of exosome metabolomics,and illustrates the potential of exosomal metabolites from various body fluids as biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and treatment.
文摘Some problems often occur in the analysis for petroleum samples by GC-MS.When high content wax composes oil samples,the n-alkanes in saturated fraction would disturb the mass chromatograph distribution and result of biomarkers.The n-alkanes can be removed from the saturated fraction by complexation,which n-alkanes react with carbamide supersaturated in methanol solution.Nevertheless,levels of the complexation can also affect on the mass chromatograph distribution and result of biomarkers.This paper discusses these problems and measures.
