Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological resilience.However,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management...Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological resilience.However,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and research.Our study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species cohorts.The analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,Mexico.First,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster analyses.Then,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site quality.The principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the community.The generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak cohort.The developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.展开更多
Artificial neural network models are a popular estimation tool for fitting nonlinear relationships because they require no assumptions about the form of the fitting function,non-Gaussian distributions,multicollinearit...Artificial neural network models are a popular estimation tool for fitting nonlinear relationships because they require no assumptions about the form of the fitting function,non-Gaussian distributions,multicollinearity,outliers and noise in the data.The problems of backpropagation models using artificial neural networks include determination of the structure of the network and overlearning courses.According to data from 1981 to 2008 from 15 permanent sample plots on Dagangshan Mountain in Jiangxi Province,a back-propagation artificial neural network model(BPANN)and a support vector machine model(SVM)for basal area of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantations were constructed using four kinds of prediction factors,including stand age,site index,surviving stem numbers and quadratic mean diameters.Artificial intelligence methods,especially SVM,could be effective in describing stand basal area growth of Chinese fir under different growth conditions with higher simulation precision than traditional regression models.SVM and the Chapman–Richards nonlinear mixed-effects model had less systematic bias than the BPANN.展开更多
Growth and yield modeling has a long history in forestry. The methods of measuring the growth of stand basal area have evolved from those developed in the U.S.A. and Germany during the last century. Stand basal area m...Growth and yield modeling has a long history in forestry. The methods of measuring the growth of stand basal area have evolved from those developed in the U.S.A. and Germany during the last century. Stand basal area modeling has progressed rapidly since the first widely used model was published by the U.S. Forest Service. Over the years, a variety of models have been developed for predicting the growth and yield of uneven/even-aged stands using stand-level approaches. The modeling methodology has not only moved from an empirical approach to a more ecological process-based approach but also accommodated a variety of techniques such as： 1） simultaneous equation methods, 2） difference models, 3） artificial neural network techniques, 4） linear/nonlinear regression models, and 5） matrix models. Empirical models using statistical methods were developed to reproduce accurately and precisely field observations. In contrast, process models have a shorter history, developed originally as research and education tools with the aim of increasing the understanding of cause and effect relationships. Empirical and process models can be married into hybrid models in which the shortcomings of both component approaches can, to some extent, be overcome. Algebraic difference forms of stand basal area models which consist of stand age, stand density and site quality can fully describe stand growth dynamics. This paper reviews the current literature regarding stand basal area models, discusses the basic types of models and their merits and outlines recent progress in modeling growth and dynamics of stand basal area. Future trends involving algebraic difference forms, good fitting variables and model types into stand basal area modeling strategies are discussed.展开更多
The parasitic polysulfides shuttle effect greatly hinders the practical application of lithium sulfur batteries,and this issue can be addressed by promoting polysulfides conversion with catalytic materials such as Mo ...The parasitic polysulfides shuttle effect greatly hinders the practical application of lithium sulfur batteries,and this issue can be addressed by promoting polysulfides conversion with catalytic materials such as Mo S_(2).However,the catalytic activity of Mo S_(2)mainly relies on edge sites,but is limited by inert basal planes.We herein report a novel,facile,ethylene glycol enabled competing reduction strategy to dope Mo S_(2)homogeneously with oxygen atoms so that its inert basal planes can be unlocked.Ethylene glycol works as a reducing agent and competes with thiourea to react with ammonium molybdate,leading to insufficient sulfuration of Mo,and consequent formation of O-Mo S_(2).Our theoretical and experimental investigations indicate that the homogeneously distributed O dopants can create abundant adsorption/-catalytic sites in the Mo S_(2)basal planes,enlarge the inter-plane distance to promote ion transport,and thus enhance the catalytic conversion of polysulfides.The oxygen doped Mo S_(2)(O-Mo S_(2))is supported on carbon nanosheets(CNS)and the composite(O-Mo S_(2)/CNS)is employed to modify the separator of Li-S battery.It gives the battery an initial discharge capacity of 1537 m Ah g-1at 0.2 C,and the battery retains a discharge capacity of 545 m Ah g-1after ultra-long 2000 cycles at 1 C,corresponding to a very small cyclic decay rate of 0.0237%.Even under a raising sulfur loading of 8.2 mg cm^(-2),the Li-S battery also delivers a high discharge capacity(554 m Ah g^(-1))with outstanding cycle stability(84.6%capacity retention)after 100 cycles at 0.5 C.Our work provides a novel,facile approach to fabricate highly catalytically active oxygen-doped Mo S_(2)for advanced Li-S batteries.展开更多
The expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes were investigated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-2 protein in 43 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 26 cases of squamo...The expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes were investigated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-2 protein in 43 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 26 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found that the expression of c-erbB-1 oncogene in all BCC increased by different degrees and the expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene in BCC was significantly reduced or lost when compared to that in normal epidermal cells. Furthermore, apparent negative and positive rela-tionships were observed respectively between the tumor differentiation and the expression of cerbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in SCC. It is suggested that the abnormal expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in BCC and SCC may play a role in the development of skin tumors. The pattern of the c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes expression in SCC may assist in distinguishing the biological behavior and prognosis of SCC.展开更多
The aim of this study was to estimate a basal area growth model for individual trees in uneven-aged Caspian forests.A survey was conducted in order to find a natural forest without any harvesting activities,a so call...The aim of this study was to estimate a basal area growth model for individual trees in uneven-aged Caspian forests.A survey was conducted in order to find a natural forest without any harvesting activities,a so called ＇untouched forest＇ and an area was selected from the Iranian Caspian forest.Three sample plots in the same aspect and of the same forest type were selected.In each plot,total tree height,diameter at breast height,distance of neighbor trees and azimuth were measured.Thirty trees were selected and drilled with increment borer to determine the increment model.Regression analysis was used to estimate the growth model.Results show that,for individual trees,there is a significant nonlinear relationship between the annual basal area increment,as the dependent variable,and the basal area.The results also show that the basal area of competing trees has a positive influence on growth.That the increment is higher with more competing neighboring trees is possibly because plots with higher volume per hectare and more competition,most likely also have higher site index or better soil or better site productivity than the plot with lower volume per hectare.展开更多
The basal ganglia have been implicated in a modulation role in idiopathic generalized epilepsy （IGE） by an invasive electrophysioigic means. This paper investigates the basal ganglia functional connectivity by using...The basal ganglia have been implicated in a modulation role in idiopathic generalized epilepsy （IGE） by an invasive electrophysioigic means. This paper investigates the basal ganglia functional connectivity by using the region-wise functional connection analysis in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） in IGE. The increased functional connectivity within basal ganglia, and between the basal ganglia and the thalamus, and decreased functional connectivity between basal ganglia and motor cortex are found in IGE compared with the controls. These findings not only implicate dysfunctional integration in the motor loop in IGE and the enhanced interaction in the modulated loop, but also suggest that the basal ganglia modulate the generalized epileptic discharges with the influence over thalamus in the corticothalamus network.展开更多
Recently, the study on the extraction, component analysis and function of angiogenic factor (AF) has become an important subject in anti-tumor research and made a great progress. Therefore, the imitation of the tumor&...Recently, the study on the extraction, component analysis and function of angiogenic factor (AF) has become an important subject in anti-tumor research and made a great progress. Therefore, the imitation of the tumor's angiogenic activity (AGA) possibly helps to find a new method to treat ischemic diseases by blood vessel proliferation. Most of the parenchymatous malignant tumors have AGA. We studied the early stage condyloma acuminatum (CA) . After transplanting CA onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos, we observed the AGA of CA and carefully compared it with that of basal cell carcinoma which is generally considered to have strong AGA. Meanwhile, we explored the way by which the AF of CA comes into being. The results demonstrated that CA, a benign neoplastic lesion, at its early stage, also has AGA. It is postulated that the responsible material is a certain form of AF. Therefore, the study on AGA of benign lesions (such as CA) and its physical basis will have potential clinical significance.展开更多
Ammonia(NH3)is not only an important chemical in many fields,but also provides a promising intermediate for energy stor-age[1,2].To produce NH3 from naturally abundant N2,the strong N≡N bond in the inert N2 molecules...Ammonia(NH3)is not only an important chemical in many fields,but also provides a promising intermediate for energy stor-age[1,2].To produce NH3 from naturally abundant N2,the strong N≡N bond in the inert N2 molecules must be broken firstly.展开更多
The palm, Elaeis guineensis, has its origins in Africa but is planted on a commercial basis in several countries. Statistics for 2002 showed that in the lead for land mass under oil palm cultivation is Indonesia, at 3...The palm, Elaeis guineensis, has its origins in Africa but is planted on a commercial basis in several countries. Statistics for 2002 showed that in the lead for land mass under oil palm cultivation is Indonesia, at 3,769,000. ha, followed by Malaysia at 3,376,000. ha; however, the world’s leading producer of palm oil is still Malaysia, since the 1970’s. Both countries are predicted to produce 82.4% of the world’s palm oil production by the year 2005. However, the palm is susceptible to basal stem rot, a devastating disease which results in direct loss of field stands and to which no effective chemical control is yet available. Caused by Ganoderma boninense, infected palms appear symptomless, at the first sign of disease, at least 50% of the internal trunk tissue stem would have actually rotted. This study investigated the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum (isolate FA 1132) as a biological control agent, using 6-month old oil palm seedlings as models and the experiment performed in a greenhouse at 29- 30 ℃. ambient conditions. The plants were artificially infected with G. boninense and a conidial suspension of 1×109-9×109 spores/mL was applied as a soil drench at 1L/plant every 2 weeks for 20 weeks. The parameters examined were efficacy of the biocontrol agent and the effect of Trichoderma- incorporated mulch in addition to the soil drench. Efficacy was assessed in terms disease severity index (DSI) where a higher percentage indicates a higher severity. Results showed that infection first sets in on untreated plants at week 12 and got worse progressively. The completely untreated plants were all infected and the DSI at 20 weeks after infection (wa.i.) was 92.5%. Plants given only a Trichoderma -infused food base supplement without conidial suspension gave a DSI of 70% whereas those given a conidial soil drench without supplemental food base gave a DSI of 85% at 20 w.a.i. Infected plants given a conidial treatment together with a food base supplement gave a DSI of 5% at 20 w.a.i. This investigation showed that there is potential in the use of T. harzianum (isolate FA 1132) as a biological control agent of basal stem rot and warrant further studies in its mass propagation for field trials.展开更多
目的探索立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术对老年高血压性脑出血患者的影响。方法收集2020年1月至2023年12月唐山市工人医院神经外二科就诊的基底节区高血压性脑出血患者220例,根据手术方式分为观察组100例和对照组120例,观察组给予立体定向...目的探索立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术对老年高血压性脑出血患者的影响。方法收集2020年1月至2023年12月唐山市工人医院神经外二科就诊的基底节区高血压性脑出血患者220例,根据手术方式分为观察组100例和对照组120例,观察组给予立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术,对照组给予开颅血肿清除术,比较2组患者术后康复情况。结果观察组手术时间与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义[(94.56±14.75)min vs(94.03±14.50)min,t=0.268,P=0.789]。2组术前美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.058)。与对照组比较,观察组术后3、6个月NIHSS评分显著降低[(5.90±4.02)分vs(9.23±3.47)分,P=0.000;(4.54±2.56)分vs(6.50±3.07)分,P=0.000]。2组患者格拉斯哥预后评分和术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术可改善高血压性脑出血患者术后神经功能。展开更多
基金The National Forestry Commission of Mexico and The Mexican National Council for Science and Technology(CONAFOR-CONACYT-115900)。
文摘Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological resilience.However,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and research.Our study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species cohorts.The analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,Mexico.First,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster analyses.Then,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site quality.The principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the community.The generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak cohort.The developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.
基金supported by the National Scientific and Technological Task in China(Nos.2015BAD09B0101,2016YFD0600302)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570619)the Special Science and Technology Innovation in Jiangxi Province(No.201702)
文摘Artificial neural network models are a popular estimation tool for fitting nonlinear relationships because they require no assumptions about the form of the fitting function,non-Gaussian distributions,multicollinearity,outliers and noise in the data.The problems of backpropagation models using artificial neural networks include determination of the structure of the network and overlearning courses.According to data from 1981 to 2008 from 15 permanent sample plots on Dagangshan Mountain in Jiangxi Province,a back-propagation artificial neural network model(BPANN)and a support vector machine model(SVM)for basal area of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantations were constructed using four kinds of prediction factors,including stand age,site index,surviving stem numbers and quadratic mean diameters.Artificial intelligence methods,especially SVM,could be effective in describing stand basal area growth of Chinese fir under different growth conditions with higher simulation precision than traditional regression models.SVM and the Chapman–Richards nonlinear mixed-effects model had less systematic bias than the BPANN.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 30471389）
文摘Growth and yield modeling has a long history in forestry. The methods of measuring the growth of stand basal area have evolved from those developed in the U.S.A. and Germany during the last century. Stand basal area modeling has progressed rapidly since the first widely used model was published by the U.S. Forest Service. Over the years, a variety of models have been developed for predicting the growth and yield of uneven/even-aged stands using stand-level approaches. The modeling methodology has not only moved from an empirical approach to a more ecological process-based approach but also accommodated a variety of techniques such as： 1） simultaneous equation methods, 2） difference models, 3） artificial neural network techniques, 4） linear/nonlinear regression models, and 5） matrix models. Empirical models using statistical methods were developed to reproduce accurately and precisely field observations. In contrast, process models have a shorter history, developed originally as research and education tools with the aim of increasing the understanding of cause and effect relationships. Empirical and process models can be married into hybrid models in which the shortcomings of both component approaches can, to some extent, be overcome. Algebraic difference forms of stand basal area models which consist of stand age, stand density and site quality can fully describe stand growth dynamics. This paper reviews the current literature regarding stand basal area models, discusses the basic types of models and their merits and outlines recent progress in modeling growth and dynamics of stand basal area. Future trends involving algebraic difference forms, good fitting variables and model types into stand basal area modeling strategies are discussed.
基金financial support from the fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22021005)the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Dalian(2018J12GX052)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776042,22108027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(DUT19ZD214)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(201908163000519)the GDSTC-Key R&D Project(GDSTC No.2019B090908001)。
文摘The parasitic polysulfides shuttle effect greatly hinders the practical application of lithium sulfur batteries,and this issue can be addressed by promoting polysulfides conversion with catalytic materials such as Mo S_(2).However,the catalytic activity of Mo S_(2)mainly relies on edge sites,but is limited by inert basal planes.We herein report a novel,facile,ethylene glycol enabled competing reduction strategy to dope Mo S_(2)homogeneously with oxygen atoms so that its inert basal planes can be unlocked.Ethylene glycol works as a reducing agent and competes with thiourea to react with ammonium molybdate,leading to insufficient sulfuration of Mo,and consequent formation of O-Mo S_(2).Our theoretical and experimental investigations indicate that the homogeneously distributed O dopants can create abundant adsorption/-catalytic sites in the Mo S_(2)basal planes,enlarge the inter-plane distance to promote ion transport,and thus enhance the catalytic conversion of polysulfides.The oxygen doped Mo S_(2)(O-Mo S_(2))is supported on carbon nanosheets(CNS)and the composite(O-Mo S_(2)/CNS)is employed to modify the separator of Li-S battery.It gives the battery an initial discharge capacity of 1537 m Ah g-1at 0.2 C,and the battery retains a discharge capacity of 545 m Ah g-1after ultra-long 2000 cycles at 1 C,corresponding to a very small cyclic decay rate of 0.0237%.Even under a raising sulfur loading of 8.2 mg cm^(-2),the Li-S battery also delivers a high discharge capacity(554 m Ah g^(-1))with outstanding cycle stability(84.6%capacity retention)after 100 cycles at 0.5 C.Our work provides a novel,facile approach to fabricate highly catalytically active oxygen-doped Mo S_(2)for advanced Li-S batteries.
文摘The expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes were investigated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-2 protein in 43 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 26 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found that the expression of c-erbB-1 oncogene in all BCC increased by different degrees and the expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene in BCC was significantly reduced or lost when compared to that in normal epidermal cells. Furthermore, apparent negative and positive rela-tionships were observed respectively between the tumor differentiation and the expression of cerbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in SCC. It is suggested that the abnormal expression of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes in BCC and SCC may play a role in the development of skin tumors. The pattern of the c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 oncogenes expression in SCC may assist in distinguishing the biological behavior and prognosis of SCC.
文摘The aim of this study was to estimate a basal area growth model for individual trees in uneven-aged Caspian forests.A survey was conducted in order to find a natural forest without any harvesting activities,a so called ＇untouched forest＇ and an area was selected from the Iranian Caspian forest.Three sample plots in the same aspect and of the same forest type were selected.In each plot,total tree height,diameter at breast height,distance of neighbor trees and azimuth were measured.Thirty trees were selected and drilled with increment borer to determine the increment model.Regression analysis was used to estimate the growth model.Results show that,for individual trees,there is a significant nonlinear relationship between the annual basal area increment,as the dependent variable,and the basal area.The results also show that the basal area of competing trees has a positive influence on growth.That the increment is higher with more competing neighboring trees is possibly because plots with higher volume per hectare and more competition,most likely also have higher site index or better soil or better site productivity than the plot with lower volume per hectare.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 81071222
文摘The basal ganglia have been implicated in a modulation role in idiopathic generalized epilepsy （IGE） by an invasive electrophysioigic means. This paper investigates the basal ganglia functional connectivity by using the region-wise functional connection analysis in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） in IGE. The increased functional connectivity within basal ganglia, and between the basal ganglia and the thalamus, and decreased functional connectivity between basal ganglia and motor cortex are found in IGE compared with the controls. These findings not only implicate dysfunctional integration in the motor loop in IGE and the enhanced interaction in the modulated loop, but also suggest that the basal ganglia modulate the generalized epileptic discharges with the influence over thalamus in the corticothalamus network.
文摘Recently, the study on the extraction, component analysis and function of angiogenic factor (AF) has become an important subject in anti-tumor research and made a great progress. Therefore, the imitation of the tumor's angiogenic activity (AGA) possibly helps to find a new method to treat ischemic diseases by blood vessel proliferation. Most of the parenchymatous malignant tumors have AGA. We studied the early stage condyloma acuminatum (CA) . After transplanting CA onto the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos, we observed the AGA of CA and carefully compared it with that of basal cell carcinoma which is generally considered to have strong AGA. Meanwhile, we explored the way by which the AF of CA comes into being. The results demonstrated that CA, a benign neoplastic lesion, at its early stage, also has AGA. It is postulated that the responsible material is a certain form of AF. Therefore, the study on AGA of benign lesions (such as CA) and its physical basis will have potential clinical significance.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702352,21975280)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(QYZDB-SSWSLH034)+3 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association Chinese Academy of Sciences(20200354)the Guangdong Special Support Program(2017TX04C096),the Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program(00201520)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund(2019A1515111062)the City University of Hong Kong Strategic Research Grant(SRG)(Nos.7005105 and 7005264)。
文摘Ammonia(NH3)is not only an important chemical in many fields,but also provides a promising intermediate for energy stor-age[1,2].To produce NH3 from naturally abundant N2,the strong N≡N bond in the inert N2 molecules must be broken firstly.
文摘The palm, Elaeis guineensis, has its origins in Africa but is planted on a commercial basis in several countries. Statistics for 2002 showed that in the lead for land mass under oil palm cultivation is Indonesia, at 3,769,000. ha, followed by Malaysia at 3,376,000. ha; however, the world’s leading producer of palm oil is still Malaysia, since the 1970’s. Both countries are predicted to produce 82.4% of the world’s palm oil production by the year 2005. However, the palm is susceptible to basal stem rot, a devastating disease which results in direct loss of field stands and to which no effective chemical control is yet available. Caused by Ganoderma boninense, infected palms appear symptomless, at the first sign of disease, at least 50% of the internal trunk tissue stem would have actually rotted. This study investigated the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum (isolate FA 1132) as a biological control agent, using 6-month old oil palm seedlings as models and the experiment performed in a greenhouse at 29- 30 ℃. ambient conditions. The plants were artificially infected with G. boninense and a conidial suspension of 1×109-9×109 spores/mL was applied as a soil drench at 1L/plant every 2 weeks for 20 weeks. The parameters examined were efficacy of the biocontrol agent and the effect of Trichoderma- incorporated mulch in addition to the soil drench. Efficacy was assessed in terms disease severity index (DSI) where a higher percentage indicates a higher severity. Results showed that infection first sets in on untreated plants at week 12 and got worse progressively. The completely untreated plants were all infected and the DSI at 20 weeks after infection (wa.i.) was 92.5%. Plants given only a Trichoderma -infused food base supplement without conidial suspension gave a DSI of 70% whereas those given a conidial soil drench without supplemental food base gave a DSI of 85% at 20 w.a.i. Infected plants given a conidial treatment together with a food base supplement gave a DSI of 5% at 20 w.a.i. This investigation showed that there is potential in the use of T. harzianum (isolate FA 1132) as a biological control agent of basal stem rot and warrant further studies in its mass propagation for field trials.
文摘目的探索立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术对老年高血压性脑出血患者的影响。方法收集2020年1月至2023年12月唐山市工人医院神经外二科就诊的基底节区高血压性脑出血患者220例,根据手术方式分为观察组100例和对照组120例,观察组给予立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术,对照组给予开颅血肿清除术,比较2组患者术后康复情况。结果观察组手术时间与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义[(94.56±14.75)min vs(94.03±14.50)min,t=0.268,P=0.789]。2组术前美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.058)。与对照组比较,观察组术后3、6个月NIHSS评分显著降低[(5.90±4.02)分vs(9.23±3.47)分,P=0.000;(4.54±2.56)分vs(6.50±3.07)分,P=0.000]。2组患者格拉斯哥预后评分和术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论立体定向神经内镜血肿清除术可改善高血压性脑出血患者术后神经功能。
