The musicality of poetry is a project that has been in great need of scholars'attentions and studies due to its charming typicality,which has been a rarely-visited for a long time.To get away with this intellectua...The musicality of poetry is a project that has been in great need of scholars'attentions and studies due to its charming typicality,which has been a rarely-visited for a long time.To get away with this intellectual sterility and poverty,and highlight the aesthetic universality of the musicality in poetic texts,this paper aims to give a preliminary exploration of the metrical musicality in A Red,Red Rose.展开更多
As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' re...As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' research. In order to under stand the acception and influence of Burns in China, the translating and reception progress of Burns and his works will be intro duced and divided into four stages accordingly.展开更多
Background: The pubic region is often involved in accidental hot water or soup-spill burns. Most of these wounds are superficial partial thickness burns. Due to their proximity to the urinary system, as well as vagina...Background: The pubic region is often involved in accidental hot water or soup-spill burns. Most of these wounds are superficial partial thickness burns. Due to their proximity to the urinary system, as well as vaginal and anal openings,these burns are easily contaminated. Daily dressings are routinely prescribed as the sole treatment. The cumbersome dressing process is uncomfortable and embarrassing for patients. Biobrane^(TM) is a bilayered biosynthetic dressing. Its coverage of superficial partial thickness burns promotes wound healing and allows one-time application.Case presentations: We report two patients who suffered superficial dermal burns over their pubic region. One patient had 23% total body surface area(TBSA) burns over her lower abdomen, both thighs and pubic region. The second patient had 10% TBSA burns that involved her perineum and the medial sides of both thighs and buttocks.Both were managed with the standard resuscitation protocol in the initial phase. Their burn injuries were managed by shaving, Foley catheterization and Biobrane^(TM) coverage. Their wounds healed uneventfully without complications.Full epithelization was achieved by post-operative day seven. Both patients consented to medical photography and academic publication.Conclusions: Shaving and catheterization improved the hygiene of the burns of the pubic area. The Biobrane^(TM)method circumvents the need of regular dressing changes, eliminating the pain due to dressing changes and preserving patient dignity.展开更多
The start of World War Ⅱ(WWⅡ) led to the deployment of combat troops in several continents. Destruction and many casualties among both the military and civilians became an inevitable consequence. A large amount of p...The start of World War Ⅱ(WWⅡ) led to the deployment of combat troops in several continents. Destruction and many casualties among both the military and civilians became an inevitable consequence. A large amount of people injured were in need of life-saving treatment and a speedy return to duty. Intensive studies of the specific issues of diagnosis and treatment of thermal injury were conducted in the Soviet Union before the war. The first special units for patients with burn injuries were created, and the first specialists received their first clinical experience. The contributions of famous Soviet scientists in the development of the treatment of burns and frostbite in WWⅡ are studied in this article. The structure of thermal injuries among military personnel and the results of their treatment are shown. Treatment, classification and quantity frostbite in the structure of sanitary losses during the WWⅡ are studied in this article.展开更多
Burns&Trauma Chinese Burn Association Chinese Society for Scar Medicine Chinese Burn Care&Rehabilitation AssociationSponsored by the Institute of Burn Research,Southwest Hospital,Army Medical University,ChinaB...Burns&Trauma Chinese Burn Association Chinese Society for Scar Medicine Chinese Burn Care&Rehabilitation AssociationSponsored by the Institute of Burn Research,Southwest Hospital,Army Medical University,ChinaBurns&Trauma is an Open Access,peer-reviewed journal publishing the latest developments in basic,clinical and translational research related to burns and traumatic injuries.With a special focus on prevention efforts,clinical treatment and basic research in developing countries,the journal welcomes submissions in various aspects of biomaterials,tissue engineering,stem cells,critical care,immunobiology,skin transplantation,prevention and regeneration of burns and trauma injury.展开更多
Fifty-seven severely burned patients were divided into 2 groups:16 withmultiple organ failure（MOF）,and 41 without MOF.It was found that the levelof thromboxane B<sub>2</sub>（TXB<sub>2</sub>...Fifty-seven severely burned patients were divided into 2 groups:16 withmultiple organ failure（MOF）,and 41 without MOF.It was found that the levelof thromboxane B<sub>2</sub>（TXB<sub>2</sub>）and the ratio between TXB<sub>2</sub> and 6-keto-prostaglandinF<sub>1α</sub>(TBX<sub>2</sub>/6-keto-PGF<sub>1α</sub>)in plasma and in visceral tissues were increased and re-mained significantly high in the first 5～7 d postburn in patients with MOF but notso in those without MOF.The circulatory platelet aggregate ratio（CPAR）wasmarkedly decreased in the same period in MOF group.Myocardial enzymes（CPK,LDH,and GOT）were markedly increased in the first 3d and remainedsignificantly high within 7 d postburn.Degeneration,structural destruction,edema,hemorrhage and thrombosis were revealed in cardiac,pulmonary,renal andhepatic tissues succumbing to functional failure.Thirteen out of the 16 cases de-veloped MOF during the 3rd to 7th day posthurn and 11 died in that period.These findings substantiate that persistent increase of thromboxane andthromboxane/prostacyclin ratio is closely related to the origin and development ofMOF after burn injury.展开更多
Full thickness burns of 30% TBSA by napalm was inflicted to rats and the pathologi-cal changes of the thyroid were observed with optical and electron microscopy and with peroxi-dase histoehemistry for 15 days postburn...Full thickness burns of 30% TBSA by napalm was inflicted to rats and the pathologi-cal changes of the thyroid were observed with optical and electron microscopy and with peroxi-dase histoehemistry for 15 days postburn.Dynamic changes of the serum level of T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> wereobserved concomitantly.It was found that the postburn pathological changes of the thyroid couldbe distinguished into 3 phases as follows:The phase of injury inhibition.This lasted from the 2nd to the 24th hour postburn and wascharacterized by marked damage of the follicular epithelium.The phase of structural and functional recovery.This lasted from the 3rd to 6th day post-burn and was characterized by abated damage of the thyroid and a tendency to recover.The phase of active function.This lasted from the 10th to the 15th day postburn.The syn-thesizing and releasing organellae of the thyroid were well-restored.The changes of T<sub>4</sub> were parallel to the pathological changes of the thyroid in all the stages,while T<sub>3</sub> level was continously inhibited because of the low serum level of T<sub>4</sub>,the metabolic dis-turbance of T<sub>4</sub> deiodination,and the inhibition of thyroid secretion in the early postburn stage andthe metabolic disturbance of T<sub>4</sub> deiodination in the middle and late postburn stages.In the earlypostburn stage,the inhibition on thyroid peroxidase was an important factor to inhibit the func-tion of the thyroid.展开更多
Reviewing the clinical data of 57 burn cases,the authors suggested that the postburnrespiratory failure could be classified,according to the time it occurred,into 3 types:(1)Earlytype,occurring in the shock stage with...Reviewing the clinical data of 57 burn cases,the authors suggested that the postburnrespiratory failure could be classified,according to the time it occurred,into 3 types:(1)Earlytype,occurring in the shock stage with severe inhalation injury being its main cause.(2)Delayedtype,developing in the postburn acute infection stage.Its clinical course was similar to that ofadult respiratory distress syndrome,and severe shock and systemic infection were the maincauses.(3)Late type,occurring in the stages of wound healing and rehabilitation.Its etiologi.calfactors included severe hypoproteinemia,malnutrition,infection and pulmonary embolism due tothrombosis of the inferior vena cava.The new classification was proposed because it was be-lieved to be helpful in the prevention and treatment of respiratory failure in different stagespostburn.展开更多
Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classi...Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classifi ed as mild or severe.Mild burns usually refer to burns that encompass less than 10%of the total body surface area(TBSA),mainly superficial burns.Severe burns are defined as TBSA>10%in elderly patients,TBSA>20%in adults,and TBSA>30%in children.[2]Burn injuries,particularly severe burns,are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response,metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.[3]Therefore,burn care providers face many challenges,including acute and critical care management,long-term care,and rehabilitation.Here,we report a 94-year-old patient with severe burns who recovered well and was discharged from the hospital in a wheelchair.展开更多
To observe the therapeutic effects of anti-endotoxin antibodies and antibiotics on endotoxemia in patients with severe burns. Methods: After 29 patients with severe burns were divided into the anti-endotoxin antibody ...To observe the therapeutic effects of anti-endotoxin antibodies and antibiotics on endotoxemia in patients with severe burns. Methods: After 29 patients with severe burns were divided into the anti-endotoxin antibody + antibiotic-treated group and antibiotic-treated group, the levels of plasma endotoxin, serum TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined at different time points postburn. Results: The anti-endotoxin antibodies remarkably decreased the levels of endotoxin, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in the blood but some antibiotics could not. Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin were strong endotoxin inducers while impenem was a weak one. Conclusion: The appropriate choice of antibiotics in combination with anti-endotoxin antibodies to treat endotoxemia in sever burn injury exerts considerable effects on cytokine release, i. e. on the body’s inflammatory response.展开更多
Love and poetry go together like kissing couples and surely nowhere is this intense relationship better illustrated than in the life and works of Robert Burns and Edgar Allan Poe. And this paper will do some compariso...Love and poetry go together like kissing couples and surely nowhere is this intense relationship better illustrated than in the life and works of Robert Burns and Edgar Allan Poe. And this paper will do some comparison between Burns' and Poe's love poetries.展开更多
Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis.However,the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a signifi...Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis.However,the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a significant challenge.Inspired by metalloenzymes with well-defined coordination structures,a series of MOFs containing halogen-coordinated copper nodes(Cu-X MOFs,X=Cl,Br,I)are employed to elucidate their structure–activity relationship.Intriguingly,experimental and theoretical results strongly support that precisely tuning the coordination of halogen atoms directly regulates the enzyme-like activities of Cu-X MOFs by influencing the spatial configuration and electronic structure of the Cu active center.The optimal Cu–Cl MOF exhibits excellent superoxide dismutase-like activity with a specific activity one order of magnitude higher than the reported Cu-based nanozymes.More importantly,by performing enzyme-mimicking catalysis,the Cu–Cl MOF nanozyme can significantly scavenge reactive oxygen species and alleviate oxidative stress,thus effectively relieving ocular chemical burns.Mechanistically,the antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of Cu–Cl MOF are achieved by regulating the NRF2 and JNK or P38 MAPK pathways.Our work provides a novel way to refine MOF nanozymes by directly engineering the coordination microenvironment and,more significantly,demonstrating their potential therapeutic effect in ophthalmic disease.展开更多
To acquire more understanding about the myocardial cell membrane structural damageduring severe burns on the molecular level. Methods: In the in vivo burn model established in rats, alterations of the anion sites at h...To acquire more understanding about the myocardial cell membrane structural damageduring severe burns on the molecular level. Methods: In the in vivo burn model established in rats, alterations of the anion sites at hasal lamina of the myocardial cells was assessed with a PEI cationic probe. The membrane permeability of the myocardial cells was observed using colloidal lanthanum as a marker and the myocardial water content measured. Results: The anion sites of hasal lamina of the myocardial cells showed regular linear lattice arrangement (40 nm- 80nm). The PEI granules of the hasal lamina were decreased at the lst h and decreased significantly at the 6th h after burns. The lanthanum granules entered into the myocardial cells at the lst h and the myocardial water content was significantly increased (P<0. 01 ) at the 3rd h after burns. Conclusion: The damage of the hasal lamina and decrease of the anion sites on the myocardial cells might be a contributive factor causing the increase of membrane permeability, tissue edema and membrane protective barrier dysfunction after severe burns.展开更多
It is well known that serum immunosuppressive factors play an important role in the mechanism of postburn immunosuppression.This study was intended to investigate the effect of haptoglobin, purified from the serum of ...It is well known that serum immunosuppressive factors play an important role in the mechanism of postburn immunosuppression.This study was intended to investigate the effect of haptoglobin, purified from the serum of burned patients by affinity chromatography,on the proliferation and interleukin-2(IL-2) secretion of normal murine thymocytes induced by ConA and the proliferation of IL-2 dependent cell line(CTLL-2) stimulated by recombinant human IL-2,so as to elucidate the role of serum haptoglobin in postburn T-lymphocyte dysfunction.The results showed that purified haptoglobin,at the level equivalent to the concentration found in serum of burned patients,significantly inhibited the proliferation and IL-2 secretion of normal murine thymocytes as well as CTLL-2 proliferation;whereas it exhibited no immunosuppressive effects at the level equivalent to the concentration found in serum of nomal volunteers.According to the results reported here,it is suggested that extraordinary increase in serum haptoglobin level may be an important factor of impaired T-lymphocyte responses following burns.展开更多
One patient with wound surface sepsis caused by secondary pyocyanic infection after extensive burns associated with visceral injuries (peptic ulcer hemorrhage, renal insufficiency and hepatic dysfunction) and generali...One patient with wound surface sepsis caused by secondary pyocyanic infection after extensive burns associated with visceral injuries (peptic ulcer hemorrhage, renal insufficiency and hepatic dysfunction) and generalied candidiasis albicans was cured after anti-infection treatment with proper antibiotics, removal of the infected focus, and effective anti-fungal drugs.展开更多
Objective: To explore the pathophysiological mechanism of the changes in gap junctionalintercellular communication (GJIC) in the myocardial cells after burns. Methods: After the myocardial cellswere cultured and injur...Objective: To explore the pathophysiological mechanism of the changes in gap junctionalintercellular communication (GJIC) in the myocardial cells after burns. Methods: After the myocardial cellswere cultured and injured with hypoxia and burn serum, the GJIC in the cells was detected with scrapeloading and dye transfer. Meanwhile, the viability, cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and Ca2+ influx of themyocardial cells were determined. Results: The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and the cellulartransmembrane Ca2+ influx were significantly increased but the viability of the cells markedly decreased afterthe injury. The LY fluorescence reached 4 rows of cells from the scrape line in the normal myocardial cells.The GJIC was blocked at the first hour after hypoxia or hypoxia and burn serum injury. The LY fluorescencewas limited to the primary loads cells at the sixth hour after hypoxia and the third hour after hypoxia andburn serum injury. Conclusion: The function of GJIC in the myocardial cells is to maintain high ordersynchronous contraction of the myocardium. After burns, the runaway calcium homeostasis and impairmentof GJIC function would be accused to be the pathological basis for myocardial heterogeneous behavior.展开更多
The 2D sandwich model serves as a potent tool in exploring the influence of surface geometry on the combustion attributes of Ammonium perchlorate/Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(AP/HTPB)propellant under rapid pressu...The 2D sandwich model serves as a potent tool in exploring the influence of surface geometry on the combustion attributes of Ammonium perchlorate/Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(AP/HTPB)propellant under rapid pressure decay.The thickness of the sandwich propellant is derived from slicing the 3D random particle packing,an approach that enables a more effective examination of the micro-flame structure.Comparative analysis of the predicted burning characteristics has been performed with experimental studies.The findings demonstrate a reasonable agreement,thereby validating the precision and soundness of the model.Based on the typical rapid depressurization environment of solid rocket motor(initial combustion pressure is 3 MPa and the maximum depressurization rate is 1000 MPa/s).A-type(a flatter surface),B-type(AP recesses from the combustion surface),and C-type(AP protrudes from the combustion surface)propellant combustion processes are numerically simulated.Upon comparison of the evolution of gas-phase flame between 0.1 and 1 ms,it is discerned that the flame strength and form created by the three sandwich models differ significantly at the beginning stage of depressurization,with the flame structures gradually becoming harmonized over time.Conclusions are drawn by comparison extinction times:the surface geometry plays a pivotal role in the combustion process,with AP protrusion favoring combustion the most.展开更多
In long-cavity edge-emitting diode lasers,longitudinal spatial hole burning(LSHB),two-photon ab⁃sorption(TPA)and free carrier absorption(FCA)are among the key factors that affect the linear increase in out⁃put power a...In long-cavity edge-emitting diode lasers,longitudinal spatial hole burning(LSHB),two-photon ab⁃sorption(TPA)and free carrier absorption(FCA)are among the key factors that affect the linear increase in out⁃put power at high injection currents.In this paper,a simplified numerical analysis model is proposed for 1.06μm long-cavity diode lasers by combining TPA and FCA losses with one-dimensional(1D)rate equations.The ef⁃fects of LSHB,TPA and FCA on the output characteristics are systematically analyzed,and it is proposed that ad⁃justing the front facet reflectivity and the position of the quantum well(QW)in the waveguide layer can improve the front facet output power.展开更多
To explore the composite process of B-CuO and B-Bi_(2)O_(3) two-component laminated sticks,obtain the corresponding sticks with good printing effect,and explore the energy release behavior.In this study,boron,copper o...To explore the composite process of B-CuO and B-Bi_(2)O_(3) two-component laminated sticks,obtain the corresponding sticks with good printing effect,and explore the energy release behavior.In this study,boron,copper oxide,and bismuth trioxide powders were dispersed in the dispersed phase (DMF) using F_(2602) as a binder,and the construction of two-component B-CuO,B-Bi_(2)O_(3),three-component microcomposite,and three-component macro-composite sticks were realized with the help of double nozzle direct ink writing (DIW) technique respectively.The resulting sticks were ignited by a nichrome wire energized with a direct current,and a high-speed camera system was used to record the combustion behavior of the sticks,mark the flame position,and calculate the rate of ignition.The results showed that the B-CuO stick burning rate (42.11 mm·s^(-1)) was much higher than that of B-Bi_(2)O_(3)(17.84 mm·s^(-1)).The formulation with the highest CuO content (ω_(CuO)=58.7%) in the microscale composite of the sticks also had the fastest burning rate of 60.59 mm·s^(-1),as the CuO content decreased (ω_(CuO)=43.5%,29.3%),its burning rate decreased to 34.78 mm·s^(-1),37.97 mm·s^(-1).The stick with the highest copper oxide content(ω_(CuO)=60%) also possessed the highest burning rate (48.84 mm·s^(-1)) in the macro-composite sticks,and the burning rates of the macro-composite sticks with component spacing of 0.1 mm,0.2 mm,and 0.5 mm were 43.34 mm·s^(-1),48.84 mm·s^(-1),and 40.76 mm·s^(-1).展开更多
文摘The musicality of poetry is a project that has been in great need of scholars'attentions and studies due to its charming typicality,which has been a rarely-visited for a long time.To get away with this intellectual sterility and poverty,and highlight the aesthetic universality of the musicality in poetic texts,this paper aims to give a preliminary exploration of the metrical musicality in A Red,Red Rose.
文摘As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' research. In order to under stand the acception and influence of Burns in China, the translating and reception progress of Burns and his works will be intro duced and divided into four stages accordingly.
文摘Background: The pubic region is often involved in accidental hot water or soup-spill burns. Most of these wounds are superficial partial thickness burns. Due to their proximity to the urinary system, as well as vaginal and anal openings,these burns are easily contaminated. Daily dressings are routinely prescribed as the sole treatment. The cumbersome dressing process is uncomfortable and embarrassing for patients. Biobrane^(TM) is a bilayered biosynthetic dressing. Its coverage of superficial partial thickness burns promotes wound healing and allows one-time application.Case presentations: We report two patients who suffered superficial dermal burns over their pubic region. One patient had 23% total body surface area(TBSA) burns over her lower abdomen, both thighs and pubic region. The second patient had 10% TBSA burns that involved her perineum and the medial sides of both thighs and buttocks.Both were managed with the standard resuscitation protocol in the initial phase. Their burn injuries were managed by shaving, Foley catheterization and Biobrane^(TM) coverage. Their wounds healed uneventfully without complications.Full epithelization was achieved by post-operative day seven. Both patients consented to medical photography and academic publication.Conclusions: Shaving and catheterization improved the hygiene of the burns of the pubic area. The Biobrane^(TM)method circumvents the need of regular dressing changes, eliminating the pain due to dressing changes and preserving patient dignity.
文摘The start of World War Ⅱ(WWⅡ) led to the deployment of combat troops in several continents. Destruction and many casualties among both the military and civilians became an inevitable consequence. A large amount of people injured were in need of life-saving treatment and a speedy return to duty. Intensive studies of the specific issues of diagnosis and treatment of thermal injury were conducted in the Soviet Union before the war. The first special units for patients with burn injuries were created, and the first specialists received their first clinical experience. The contributions of famous Soviet scientists in the development of the treatment of burns and frostbite in WWⅡ are studied in this article. The structure of thermal injuries among military personnel and the results of their treatment are shown. Treatment, classification and quantity frostbite in the structure of sanitary losses during the WWⅡ are studied in this article.
文摘Burns&Trauma Chinese Burn Association Chinese Society for Scar Medicine Chinese Burn Care&Rehabilitation AssociationSponsored by the Institute of Burn Research,Southwest Hospital,Army Medical University,ChinaBurns&Trauma is an Open Access,peer-reviewed journal publishing the latest developments in basic,clinical and translational research related to burns and traumatic injuries.With a special focus on prevention efforts,clinical treatment and basic research in developing countries,the journal welcomes submissions in various aspects of biomaterials,tissue engineering,stem cells,critical care,immunobiology,skin transplantation,prevention and regeneration of burns and trauma injury.
文摘Fifty-seven severely burned patients were divided into 2 groups:16 withmultiple organ failure（MOF）,and 41 without MOF.It was found that the levelof thromboxane B<sub>2</sub>（TXB<sub>2</sub>）and the ratio between TXB<sub>2</sub> and 6-keto-prostaglandinF<sub>1α</sub>(TBX<sub>2</sub>/6-keto-PGF<sub>1α</sub>)in plasma and in visceral tissues were increased and re-mained significantly high in the first 5～7 d postburn in patients with MOF but notso in those without MOF.The circulatory platelet aggregate ratio（CPAR）wasmarkedly decreased in the same period in MOF group.Myocardial enzymes（CPK,LDH,and GOT）were markedly increased in the first 3d and remainedsignificantly high within 7 d postburn.Degeneration,structural destruction,edema,hemorrhage and thrombosis were revealed in cardiac,pulmonary,renal andhepatic tissues succumbing to functional failure.Thirteen out of the 16 cases de-veloped MOF during the 3rd to 7th day posthurn and 11 died in that period.These findings substantiate that persistent increase of thromboxane andthromboxane/prostacyclin ratio is closely related to the origin and development ofMOF after burn injury.
文摘Full thickness burns of 30% TBSA by napalm was inflicted to rats and the pathologi-cal changes of the thyroid were observed with optical and electron microscopy and with peroxi-dase histoehemistry for 15 days postburn.Dynamic changes of the serum level of T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> wereobserved concomitantly.It was found that the postburn pathological changes of the thyroid couldbe distinguished into 3 phases as follows:The phase of injury inhibition.This lasted from the 2nd to the 24th hour postburn and wascharacterized by marked damage of the follicular epithelium.The phase of structural and functional recovery.This lasted from the 3rd to 6th day post-burn and was characterized by abated damage of the thyroid and a tendency to recover.The phase of active function.This lasted from the 10th to the 15th day postburn.The syn-thesizing and releasing organellae of the thyroid were well-restored.The changes of T<sub>4</sub> were parallel to the pathological changes of the thyroid in all the stages,while T<sub>3</sub> level was continously inhibited because of the low serum level of T<sub>4</sub>,the metabolic dis-turbance of T<sub>4</sub> deiodination,and the inhibition of thyroid secretion in the early postburn stage andthe metabolic disturbance of T<sub>4</sub> deiodination in the middle and late postburn stages.In the earlypostburn stage,the inhibition on thyroid peroxidase was an important factor to inhibit the func-tion of the thyroid.
文摘Reviewing the clinical data of 57 burn cases,the authors suggested that the postburnrespiratory failure could be classified,according to the time it occurred,into 3 types:(1)Earlytype,occurring in the shock stage with severe inhalation injury being its main cause.(2)Delayedtype,developing in the postburn acute infection stage.Its clinical course was similar to that ofadult respiratory distress syndrome,and severe shock and systemic infection were the maincauses.(3)Late type,occurring in the stages of wound healing and rehabilitation.Its etiologi.calfactors included severe hypoproteinemia,malnutrition,infection and pulmonary embolism due tothrombosis of the inferior vena cava.The new classification was proposed because it was be-lieved to be helpful in the prevention and treatment of respiratory failure in different stagespostburn.
基金supported by a Major Science and Technology Project on Health of Zhejiang Province(WKJ-ZJ-2123).
文摘Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classifi ed as mild or severe.Mild burns usually refer to burns that encompass less than 10%of the total body surface area(TBSA),mainly superficial burns.Severe burns are defined as TBSA>10%in elderly patients,TBSA>20%in adults,and TBSA>30%in children.[2]Burn injuries,particularly severe burns,are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response,metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.[3]Therefore,burn care providers face many challenges,including acute and critical care management,long-term care,and rehabilitation.Here,we report a 94-year-old patient with severe burns who recovered well and was discharged from the hospital in a wheelchair.
文摘To observe the therapeutic effects of anti-endotoxin antibodies and antibiotics on endotoxemia in patients with severe burns. Methods: After 29 patients with severe burns were divided into the anti-endotoxin antibody + antibiotic-treated group and antibiotic-treated group, the levels of plasma endotoxin, serum TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 were determined at different time points postburn. Results: The anti-endotoxin antibodies remarkably decreased the levels of endotoxin, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in the blood but some antibiotics could not. Ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin were strong endotoxin inducers while impenem was a weak one. Conclusion: The appropriate choice of antibiotics in combination with anti-endotoxin antibodies to treat endotoxemia in sever burn injury exerts considerable effects on cytokine release, i. e. on the body’s inflammatory response.
文摘Love and poetry go together like kissing couples and surely nowhere is this intense relationship better illustrated than in the life and works of Robert Burns and Edgar Allan Poe. And this paper will do some comparison between Burns' and Poe's love poetries.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0908100)the National Nature Science Foundation(Grant Nos.12274356,82070931,and 82271045)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720220022)the 111 Project(B16029)。
文摘Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis.However,the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a significant challenge.Inspired by metalloenzymes with well-defined coordination structures,a series of MOFs containing halogen-coordinated copper nodes(Cu-X MOFs,X=Cl,Br,I)are employed to elucidate their structure–activity relationship.Intriguingly,experimental and theoretical results strongly support that precisely tuning the coordination of halogen atoms directly regulates the enzyme-like activities of Cu-X MOFs by influencing the spatial configuration and electronic structure of the Cu active center.The optimal Cu–Cl MOF exhibits excellent superoxide dismutase-like activity with a specific activity one order of magnitude higher than the reported Cu-based nanozymes.More importantly,by performing enzyme-mimicking catalysis,the Cu–Cl MOF nanozyme can significantly scavenge reactive oxygen species and alleviate oxidative stress,thus effectively relieving ocular chemical burns.Mechanistically,the antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of Cu–Cl MOF are achieved by regulating the NRF2 and JNK or P38 MAPK pathways.Our work provides a novel way to refine MOF nanozymes by directly engineering the coordination microenvironment and,more significantly,demonstrating their potential therapeutic effect in ophthalmic disease.
文摘To acquire more understanding about the myocardial cell membrane structural damageduring severe burns on the molecular level. Methods: In the in vivo burn model established in rats, alterations of the anion sites at hasal lamina of the myocardial cells was assessed with a PEI cationic probe. The membrane permeability of the myocardial cells was observed using colloidal lanthanum as a marker and the myocardial water content measured. Results: The anion sites of hasal lamina of the myocardial cells showed regular linear lattice arrangement (40 nm- 80nm). The PEI granules of the hasal lamina were decreased at the lst h and decreased significantly at the 6th h after burns. The lanthanum granules entered into the myocardial cells at the lst h and the myocardial water content was significantly increased (P<0. 01 ) at the 3rd h after burns. Conclusion: The damage of the hasal lamina and decrease of the anion sites on the myocardial cells might be a contributive factor causing the increase of membrane permeability, tissue edema and membrane protective barrier dysfunction after severe burns.
文摘It is well known that serum immunosuppressive factors play an important role in the mechanism of postburn immunosuppression.This study was intended to investigate the effect of haptoglobin, purified from the serum of burned patients by affinity chromatography,on the proliferation and interleukin-2(IL-2) secretion of normal murine thymocytes induced by ConA and the proliferation of IL-2 dependent cell line(CTLL-2) stimulated by recombinant human IL-2,so as to elucidate the role of serum haptoglobin in postburn T-lymphocyte dysfunction.The results showed that purified haptoglobin,at the level equivalent to the concentration found in serum of burned patients,significantly inhibited the proliferation and IL-2 secretion of normal murine thymocytes as well as CTLL-2 proliferation;whereas it exhibited no immunosuppressive effects at the level equivalent to the concentration found in serum of nomal volunteers.According to the results reported here,it is suggested that extraordinary increase in serum haptoglobin level may be an important factor of impaired T-lymphocyte responses following burns.
文摘One patient with wound surface sepsis caused by secondary pyocyanic infection after extensive burns associated with visceral injuries (peptic ulcer hemorrhage, renal insufficiency and hepatic dysfunction) and generalied candidiasis albicans was cured after anti-infection treatment with proper antibiotics, removal of the infected focus, and effective anti-fungal drugs.
文摘Objective: To explore the pathophysiological mechanism of the changes in gap junctionalintercellular communication (GJIC) in the myocardial cells after burns. Methods: After the myocardial cellswere cultured and injured with hypoxia and burn serum, the GJIC in the cells was detected with scrapeloading and dye transfer. Meanwhile, the viability, cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and Ca2+ influx of themyocardial cells were determined. Results: The cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and the cellulartransmembrane Ca2+ influx were significantly increased but the viability of the cells markedly decreased afterthe injury. The LY fluorescence reached 4 rows of cells from the scrape line in the normal myocardial cells.The GJIC was blocked at the first hour after hypoxia or hypoxia and burn serum injury. The LY fluorescencewas limited to the primary loads cells at the sixth hour after hypoxia and the third hour after hypoxia andburn serum injury. Conclusion: The function of GJIC in the myocardial cells is to maintain high ordersynchronous contraction of the myocardium. After burns, the runaway calcium homeostasis and impairmentof GJIC function would be accused to be the pathological basis for myocardial heterogeneous behavior.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51176076)。
文摘The 2D sandwich model serves as a potent tool in exploring the influence of surface geometry on the combustion attributes of Ammonium perchlorate/Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(AP/HTPB)propellant under rapid pressure decay.The thickness of the sandwich propellant is derived from slicing the 3D random particle packing,an approach that enables a more effective examination of the micro-flame structure.Comparative analysis of the predicted burning characteristics has been performed with experimental studies.The findings demonstrate a reasonable agreement,thereby validating the precision and soundness of the model.Based on the typical rapid depressurization environment of solid rocket motor(initial combustion pressure is 3 MPa and the maximum depressurization rate is 1000 MPa/s).A-type(a flatter surface),B-type(AP recesses from the combustion surface),and C-type(AP protrudes from the combustion surface)propellant combustion processes are numerically simulated.Upon comparison of the evolution of gas-phase flame between 0.1 and 1 ms,it is discerned that the flame strength and form created by the three sandwich models differ significantly at the beginning stage of depressurization,with the flame structures gradually becoming harmonized over time.Conclusions are drawn by comparison extinction times:the surface geometry plays a pivotal role in the combustion process,with AP protrusion favoring combustion the most.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Project(2017YFB0405100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61774024/61964007)Jilin province science and technology development plan(20190302007GX)。
文摘In long-cavity edge-emitting diode lasers,longitudinal spatial hole burning(LSHB),two-photon ab⁃sorption(TPA)and free carrier absorption(FCA)are among the key factors that affect the linear increase in out⁃put power at high injection currents.In this paper,a simplified numerical analysis model is proposed for 1.06μm long-cavity diode lasers by combining TPA and FCA losses with one-dimensional(1D)rate equations.The ef⁃fects of LSHB,TPA and FCA on the output characteristics are systematically analyzed,and it is proposed that ad⁃justing the front facet reflectivity and the position of the quantum well(QW)in the waveguide layer can improve the front facet output power.
基金supported by the Graduate Education Innovation Project of Shanxi Province(Grant No.2022Y650)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22275170)。
文摘To explore the composite process of B-CuO and B-Bi_(2)O_(3) two-component laminated sticks,obtain the corresponding sticks with good printing effect,and explore the energy release behavior.In this study,boron,copper oxide,and bismuth trioxide powders were dispersed in the dispersed phase (DMF) using F_(2602) as a binder,and the construction of two-component B-CuO,B-Bi_(2)O_(3),three-component microcomposite,and three-component macro-composite sticks were realized with the help of double nozzle direct ink writing (DIW) technique respectively.The resulting sticks were ignited by a nichrome wire energized with a direct current,and a high-speed camera system was used to record the combustion behavior of the sticks,mark the flame position,and calculate the rate of ignition.The results showed that the B-CuO stick burning rate (42.11 mm·s^(-1)) was much higher than that of B-Bi_(2)O_(3)(17.84 mm·s^(-1)).The formulation with the highest CuO content (ω_(CuO)=58.7%) in the microscale composite of the sticks also had the fastest burning rate of 60.59 mm·s^(-1),as the CuO content decreased (ω_(CuO)=43.5%,29.3%),its burning rate decreased to 34.78 mm·s^(-1),37.97 mm·s^(-1).The stick with the highest copper oxide content(ω_(CuO)=60%) also possessed the highest burning rate (48.84 mm·s^(-1)) in the macro-composite sticks,and the burning rates of the macro-composite sticks with component spacing of 0.1 mm,0.2 mm,and 0.5 mm were 43.34 mm·s^(-1),48.84 mm·s^(-1),and 40.76 mm·s^(-1).
