基于ISI-MIP(The Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project)推荐使用的5个全球气候模式数据(HadGEM2-ES,GFDL-ESM2M,MIROC-ESM-CHEM,Nor-ESM1-M,IPSL-CM5ALR),驱动SWIM(Soil and Water IntegratedModel)水文模型,研究全...基于ISI-MIP(The Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project)推荐使用的5个全球气候模式数据(HadGEM2-ES,GFDL-ESM2M,MIROC-ESM-CHEM,Nor-ESM1-M,IPSL-CM5ALR),驱动SWIM(Soil and Water IntegratedModel)水文模型,研究全球升温1.5℃和2.0℃情景下淮河上游干流径流量变化,得出结论:(1)淮河上游干流径流量年际变化在2种升温情景下均呈先减小后增加趋势。全球升温1.5℃时年径流量较基准期(1986—2005年)增长9.5%,而升温2.0℃情景下涨幅更明显,高达17%。(2) 4个季节径流量在2种升温情景下较基准期均有增长,其中春季涨幅最明显,达24.4%,夏、秋、冬季涨幅分别为7.1%、16.1%、13.5%。全球升温2.0℃时淮河上游干流径流量在4个季节较基准期增长率均大于全球升温1.5℃时。(3)不同气候模式输出日径流量最大值相差较大而平均值相差较小。未来2种升温情景日径流量超过王家坝闸设计流量的日次较基准期均有增加,尤其升温2.0℃情景较基准期增多22次,较升温1.5℃情景多5.8次,表明未来升温2.0℃情景下淮河上游出现极端径流事件的可能性进一步增大。展开更多
Measuring the business-IT alignment(BITA)of an organization determines its alignment level,provides directions for further improvements,and consequently promotes the organizational performances.Due to the capabilities...Measuring the business-IT alignment(BITA)of an organization determines its alignment level,provides directions for further improvements,and consequently promotes the organizational performances.Due to the capabilities of enterprise architecture(EA)in interrelating different business/IT viewpoints and elements,the development of EA is superior to support BITA measurement.Extant BITA measurement literature is sparse when it concerns EA.The literature tends to explain how EA viewpoints or models correlate with BITA,without discussing where to collect and integrate EA data.To address this gap,this paper attempts to propose a specific BITA measurement process through associating a BITA maturity model with a famous EA framework:DoD Architectural Framework 2.0(DoDAF2.0).The BITA metrics in the maturity model are connected to the meta-models and models of DoDAF2.0.An illustrative ArchiSurance case is conducted to explain the measurement process.Systematically,this paper explores the process of BITA measurement from the viewpoint of EA,which helps to collect the measurement data in an organized way and analyzes the BITA level in the phase of architecture development.展开更多
文摘基于ISI-MIP(The Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project)推荐使用的5个全球气候模式数据(HadGEM2-ES,GFDL-ESM2M,MIROC-ESM-CHEM,Nor-ESM1-M,IPSL-CM5ALR),驱动SWIM(Soil and Water IntegratedModel)水文模型,研究全球升温1.5℃和2.0℃情景下淮河上游干流径流量变化,得出结论:(1)淮河上游干流径流量年际变化在2种升温情景下均呈先减小后增加趋势。全球升温1.5℃时年径流量较基准期(1986—2005年)增长9.5%,而升温2.0℃情景下涨幅更明显,高达17%。(2) 4个季节径流量在2种升温情景下较基准期均有增长,其中春季涨幅最明显,达24.4%,夏、秋、冬季涨幅分别为7.1%、16.1%、13.5%。全球升温2.0℃时淮河上游干流径流量在4个季节较基准期增长率均大于全球升温1.5℃时。(3)不同气候模式输出日径流量最大值相差较大而平均值相差较小。未来2种升温情景日径流量超过王家坝闸设计流量的日次较基准期均有增加,尤其升温2.0℃情景较基准期增多22次,较升温1.5℃情景多5.8次,表明未来升温2.0℃情景下淮河上游出现极端径流事件的可能性进一步增大。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71571189)the State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System and Technology(SKLATM201806)
文摘Measuring the business-IT alignment(BITA)of an organization determines its alignment level,provides directions for further improvements,and consequently promotes the organizational performances.Due to the capabilities of enterprise architecture(EA)in interrelating different business/IT viewpoints and elements,the development of EA is superior to support BITA measurement.Extant BITA measurement literature is sparse when it concerns EA.The literature tends to explain how EA viewpoints or models correlate with BITA,without discussing where to collect and integrate EA data.To address this gap,this paper attempts to propose a specific BITA measurement process through associating a BITA maturity model with a famous EA framework:DoD Architectural Framework 2.0(DoDAF2.0).The BITA metrics in the maturity model are connected to the meta-models and models of DoDAF2.0.An illustrative ArchiSurance case is conducted to explain the measurement process.Systematically,this paper explores the process of BITA measurement from the viewpoint of EA,which helps to collect the measurement data in an organized way and analyzes the BITA level in the phase of architecture development.
