This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-coo...This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-cooperative target with active maneuverability in front lighting.First,the impulsive orbital game problem is formulated as a turn-based sequential game problem.Second,several typical relative orbit transfers are encapsulated into modules to construct a parameterized action space containing discrete modules and continuous parameters,and multi-pass deep Q-networks(MPDQN)algorithm is used to implement autonomous decision-making.Then,a curriculum learning method is used to gradually increase the difficulty of the training scenario.The backtracking proportional self-play training framework is used to enhance the agent’s ability to defeat inconsistent strategies by building a pool of opponents.The behavior variations of the agents during training indicate that the intelligent game system gradually evolves towards an equilibrium situation.The restraint relations between the agents show that the agents steadily improve the strategy.The influence of various factors on game results is tested.展开更多
Ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long medicinal history.Ginsenoside is the main compo⁃nent of ginseng,among which the ginsenoside-Rg3 possess higher medicinal value.The pharmacological studies reported...Ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long medicinal history.Ginsenoside is the main compo⁃nent of ginseng,among which the ginsenoside-Rg3 possess higher medicinal value.The pharmacological studies reported that the ginsenoside-Rg3 exhibit a variety of pharmacological actions.For example,the ginsenoside-Rg3 exhibit an effective inhibitory effect against cancer and induce apoptosis,such as glioma,lung cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer and so on.The anti-cancer effect will be significantly increased by combinning chemotherapy drugs with ginsenoside-Rg3.In addition,ginsenoside-Rg3 can reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs,such as cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Furthermore,ginsenoside-Rg3 could reverse the multidrug resistance of cancer cells against anticancer drugs.What′s more,ginsenoid-Rg3 has several other pharmacological actions as follows.At first,ginsenoid-Rg3 appears to anti-fatigue effect by reversing the dopamine reduction induced by fatigue.Secondly,ginsenoid-Rg3 can reverse chemical-induced memory damage and improve memory to exert neuroprotective effect.Finally,ginsenoid-Rg3 can improve mitochondrial function and insulin tolerance in skeletal muscle,suggesting that ginsenoid-Rg3 can be used as a hypoglycemic drug.In this review,I present an overview of the pharmacological actions of ginsenoside-Rg3 to provide theoretical guidance for further development and utilization of ginsenoside-Rg3.展开更多
Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like co...Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like cotton.Thus,combining ability studies in desi cotton(Gossypium arboreum L.)was carried out using 13 diverse parents through diallel mating design,evaluating 78 F,hybrids along with their parents,without reciprocals using Griffing's and Hayman's approaches.Results Genotypes H 509,AC 3265,AKH 496,and PBN 565 exhibited superior per se performance,indicating their potential use as parents in future breeding programs to develop superior hybrids.The general combining ability(GCA)effect of the genotypes revealed that AC 3097 and AKA 13-SP1 were good general combiners for most traits in this study.Genotypes PBS 1127-SP1,AKH 496,H 509,N11-54-31-32,and AKA 13-SP1 exhibited strong combining ability,contributing to a significant specific combining ability(SCA)effect in seven selected crosses(AC 3265×PBS1127-SP1,AKH 496×H 509,AKH 496×AC 3097,PBS 1127-SP1×N11-54-31-32,AC 3216×AKA 13-SP1,H 503×N11-54-31-32,and H 509×AKA 13-SP1)for yield improvement.These crosses showed positive heterosis in a positive direction.Conclusion From the present study,five genotypes(AC 3097,AKA 13-SP1,N11-54-31-32,AC 3265,and H 509)were identified as good general combiners for producing hybrids,and seven combinations showed a promising hybrid for future breeding programs.展开更多
托尼·贝茨教授(Tony Bates)是国际开放与远程教育领域最知名的专家之一。他早年曾协助创建英国开放大学,并在该校工作近20年。1995年至2003年底,贝茨教授在加拿大温哥华的英属哥伦比亚大学(University of British columbia,简称UBC...托尼·贝茨教授(Tony Bates)是国际开放与远程教育领域最知名的专家之一。他早年曾协助创建英国开放大学,并在该校工作近20年。1995年至2003年底,贝茨教授在加拿大温哥华的英属哥伦比亚大学(University of British columbia,简称UBC)担任远程教育部主任一职,同时兼任UBC的高等教育学习技术计划与管理国际中心主任。2004年,他创建了专门从事网上学习及远程教育的规划与管理的托尼·贝茨有限公司(Tony Bates Associates Ltd.),并担任董事长及行政总裁。目前,他还担任西班牙的巴塞罗那加泰罗尼亚开放大学的网络学习研究中心主任一职。此外,贝茨教授多年来还一直在世界银行、世界经济合作及发展组织、联合国教科文组织,以及全球三十多个国家的大学及政府部门担任顾问工作。贝茨教授的研究成果非常丰硕,至今共发表了350余篇论文,出版了9本有关远程教育及技术在教学中的应用方面的著作,他的研究涵盖了远程教育实践的各个方面,其中最突出的就是ACTIONS媒体选择模型和关于远程教育成本一效益的研究。此外,他还是远程教育和教育技术领域内6本学术杂志的编委。目前,贝茨教授的研究兴趣主要包括:传统大学中网络学习的应用及其成本-效益问题,网络学习的多元文化问题,以及网络学习和国家经济发展之间的关系等等。展开更多
The contents of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in root tubers of annual and biennial plants of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. in Jiangsu Province were 0.32, 0.24, 0, 1.25 and 0.20, 0.26, 1.67×10 -4, 1.32 mg·kg -1 respectiv...The contents of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in root tubers of annual and biennial plants of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. in Jiangsu Province were 0.32, 0.24, 0, 1.25 and 0.20, 0.26, 1.67×10 -4, 1.32 mg·kg -1 respectively, which totally met the standards of GTSIEMPP (WM2—2001). Biology concentration factors (BCF) of Cd is 2.4-2.6, which indicates that the root tuber of P. multiflorum has a strong accumulative action to Cd. While the accumulative action to As, Hg and Pb is not strong, BCF are 0.025-0.015, 0-6.40×10 -4 and 0.06 respectively.展开更多
文摘This paper comprehensively explores the impulsive on-orbit inspection game problem utilizing reinforcement learning and game training methods.The purpose of the spacecraft is to inspect the entire surface of a non-cooperative target with active maneuverability in front lighting.First,the impulsive orbital game problem is formulated as a turn-based sequential game problem.Second,several typical relative orbit transfers are encapsulated into modules to construct a parameterized action space containing discrete modules and continuous parameters,and multi-pass deep Q-networks(MPDQN)algorithm is used to implement autonomous decision-making.Then,a curriculum learning method is used to gradually increase the difficulty of the training scenario.The backtracking proportional self-play training framework is used to enhance the agent’s ability to defeat inconsistent strategies by building a pool of opponents.The behavior variations of the agents during training indicate that the intelligent game system gradually evolves towards an equilibrium situation.The restraint relations between the agents show that the agents steadily improve the strategy.The influence of various factors on game results is tested.
文摘Ginseng is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long medicinal history.Ginsenoside is the main compo⁃nent of ginseng,among which the ginsenoside-Rg3 possess higher medicinal value.The pharmacological studies reported that the ginsenoside-Rg3 exhibit a variety of pharmacological actions.For example,the ginsenoside-Rg3 exhibit an effective inhibitory effect against cancer and induce apoptosis,such as glioma,lung cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer and so on.The anti-cancer effect will be significantly increased by combinning chemotherapy drugs with ginsenoside-Rg3.In addition,ginsenoside-Rg3 can reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs,such as cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Furthermore,ginsenoside-Rg3 could reverse the multidrug resistance of cancer cells against anticancer drugs.What′s more,ginsenoid-Rg3 has several other pharmacological actions as follows.At first,ginsenoid-Rg3 appears to anti-fatigue effect by reversing the dopamine reduction induced by fatigue.Secondly,ginsenoid-Rg3 can reverse chemical-induced memory damage and improve memory to exert neuroprotective effect.Finally,ginsenoid-Rg3 can improve mitochondrial function and insulin tolerance in skeletal muscle,suggesting that ginsenoid-Rg3 can be used as a hypoglycemic drug.In this review,I present an overview of the pharmacological actions of ginsenoside-Rg3 to provide theoretical guidance for further development and utilization of ginsenoside-Rg3.
基金supported by ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research,Regional Station,Coimbatore,India。
文摘Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like cotton.Thus,combining ability studies in desi cotton(Gossypium arboreum L.)was carried out using 13 diverse parents through diallel mating design,evaluating 78 F,hybrids along with their parents,without reciprocals using Griffing's and Hayman's approaches.Results Genotypes H 509,AC 3265,AKH 496,and PBN 565 exhibited superior per se performance,indicating their potential use as parents in future breeding programs to develop superior hybrids.The general combining ability(GCA)effect of the genotypes revealed that AC 3097 and AKA 13-SP1 were good general combiners for most traits in this study.Genotypes PBS 1127-SP1,AKH 496,H 509,N11-54-31-32,and AKA 13-SP1 exhibited strong combining ability,contributing to a significant specific combining ability(SCA)effect in seven selected crosses(AC 3265×PBS1127-SP1,AKH 496×H 509,AKH 496×AC 3097,PBS 1127-SP1×N11-54-31-32,AC 3216×AKA 13-SP1,H 503×N11-54-31-32,and H 509×AKA 13-SP1)for yield improvement.These crosses showed positive heterosis in a positive direction.Conclusion From the present study,five genotypes(AC 3097,AKA 13-SP1,N11-54-31-32,AC 3265,and H 509)were identified as good general combiners for producing hybrids,and seven combinations showed a promising hybrid for future breeding programs.
文摘托尼·贝茨教授(Tony Bates)是国际开放与远程教育领域最知名的专家之一。他早年曾协助创建英国开放大学,并在该校工作近20年。1995年至2003年底,贝茨教授在加拿大温哥华的英属哥伦比亚大学(University of British columbia,简称UBC)担任远程教育部主任一职,同时兼任UBC的高等教育学习技术计划与管理国际中心主任。2004年,他创建了专门从事网上学习及远程教育的规划与管理的托尼·贝茨有限公司(Tony Bates Associates Ltd.),并担任董事长及行政总裁。目前,他还担任西班牙的巴塞罗那加泰罗尼亚开放大学的网络学习研究中心主任一职。此外,贝茨教授多年来还一直在世界银行、世界经济合作及发展组织、联合国教科文组织,以及全球三十多个国家的大学及政府部门担任顾问工作。贝茨教授的研究成果非常丰硕,至今共发表了350余篇论文,出版了9本有关远程教育及技术在教学中的应用方面的著作,他的研究涵盖了远程教育实践的各个方面,其中最突出的就是ACTIONS媒体选择模型和关于远程教育成本一效益的研究。此外,他还是远程教育和教育技术领域内6本学术杂志的编委。目前,贝茨教授的研究兴趣主要包括:传统大学中网络学习的应用及其成本-效益问题,网络学习的多元文化问题,以及网络学习和国家经济发展之间的关系等等。
文摘The contents of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in root tubers of annual and biennial plants of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. in Jiangsu Province were 0.32, 0.24, 0, 1.25 and 0.20, 0.26, 1.67×10 -4, 1.32 mg·kg -1 respectively, which totally met the standards of GTSIEMPP (WM2—2001). Biology concentration factors (BCF) of Cd is 2.4-2.6, which indicates that the root tuber of P. multiflorum has a strong accumulative action to Cd. While the accumulative action to As, Hg and Pb is not strong, BCF are 0.025-0.015, 0-6.40×10 -4 and 0.06 respectively.
基金现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-49-18)农业行业专项资金项目(200803013)+3 种基金科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2008GB23260402)中央级公益性科研院所基本科研专项资金项目(2007JBFB11)International Foundation for ScienceIFS(A/4396)
