Indian Central Water （ICW） and Subantarctic Mode Water （SAMW） formation rates are estimated from two air-sea flux products, the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set （COADS） and the Southampton Oceanography Ce...Indian Central Water （ICW） and Subantarctic Mode Water （SAMW） formation rates are estimated from two air-sea flux products, the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set （COADS） and the Southampton Oceanography Centre （SOC） climatology. The ICW formation is estimated to be 8 Sv (1 Sv = 106m3·s-1 ) from both products, with more contributions from freshwater flux. From the COADS product, the SAMW formation rate is estimated to be 31 Sv in the potential density range of 26.5-26.9σθ, with also a significant contribution from freshwater flux. However, the SAMW formation rate estimated from the SOC product is much smaller, which may be due to bias of the SOC heat flux. Poorer quality of the flux products in the Southern Ocean may also contribute to the difference.展开更多
基于高分辨率的天气预报模式(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,WRF)与海洋环流模式(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model,HYCOM)耦合数值模拟,对比观测台风最佳路径数据集和PISTON(Propagation of Intraseasonal Tropi...基于高分辨率的天气预报模式(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,WRF)与海洋环流模式(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model,HYCOM)耦合数值模拟,对比观测台风最佳路径数据集和PISTON(Propagation of Intraseasonal Tropical Oscillations)项目提供的浮标观测数据,通过敏感性试验评估三种微物理参数化方案对1822号超强台风“山竹(Mangkhut)”的路径、强度演变和上层海洋响应的影响.研究表明:海-气耦合模式能在一定程度上模拟台风的移动路径与强度特征,但在台风初期会出现对强度的高估.还能模拟台风造成的海表面温度和盐度空间分布的不对称性.与浮标观测数据相比,海-气耦合模式会略高估海洋冷却与盐度的增加幅度.微物理参数化方案对Mangkhut的模拟有一定影响,Morrison方案对最低平均海平面气压和10 m高度处最大风速的模拟误差较WSM6与Thompson方案低,但该方案会高估海洋表层冷却,因而对Mangkhut成熟到衰减初期的风速模拟偏低. Morrison方案对三小时累积降水量的模拟在Mangkhut前期大于WSM6方案,中后期小于WSM6方案,而与Thompson方案相比,整体相差不大.微物理参数化方案对海洋表面对台风响应的模拟有一定影响,但敏感性有限.海洋表面的热盐变化同时与台风强度和移速有关,海表面温度和海表面盐度的变化幅度都随台风强度的增大而增大,随着台风移速的增大而减小,而台风的强度与移速对于海表响应的影响存在一定的相关性.展开更多
文摘Indian Central Water （ICW） and Subantarctic Mode Water （SAMW） formation rates are estimated from two air-sea flux products, the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set （COADS） and the Southampton Oceanography Centre （SOC） climatology. The ICW formation is estimated to be 8 Sv (1 Sv = 106m3·s-1 ) from both products, with more contributions from freshwater flux. From the COADS product, the SAMW formation rate is estimated to be 31 Sv in the potential density range of 26.5-26.9σθ, with also a significant contribution from freshwater flux. However, the SAMW formation rate estimated from the SOC product is much smaller, which may be due to bias of the SOC heat flux. Poorer quality of the flux products in the Southern Ocean may also contribute to the difference.
文摘基于高分辨率的天气预报模式(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,WRF)与海洋环流模式(Hybrid Coordinate Oceanic Circulation Model,HYCOM)耦合数值模拟,对比观测台风最佳路径数据集和PISTON(Propagation of Intraseasonal Tropical Oscillations)项目提供的浮标观测数据,通过敏感性试验评估三种微物理参数化方案对1822号超强台风“山竹(Mangkhut)”的路径、强度演变和上层海洋响应的影响.研究表明:海-气耦合模式能在一定程度上模拟台风的移动路径与强度特征,但在台风初期会出现对强度的高估.还能模拟台风造成的海表面温度和盐度空间分布的不对称性.与浮标观测数据相比,海-气耦合模式会略高估海洋冷却与盐度的增加幅度.微物理参数化方案对Mangkhut的模拟有一定影响,Morrison方案对最低平均海平面气压和10 m高度处最大风速的模拟误差较WSM6与Thompson方案低,但该方案会高估海洋表层冷却,因而对Mangkhut成熟到衰减初期的风速模拟偏低. Morrison方案对三小时累积降水量的模拟在Mangkhut前期大于WSM6方案,中后期小于WSM6方案,而与Thompson方案相比,整体相差不大.微物理参数化方案对海洋表面对台风响应的模拟有一定影响,但敏感性有限.海洋表面的热盐变化同时与台风强度和移速有关,海表面温度和海表面盐度的变化幅度都随台风强度的增大而增大,随着台风移速的增大而减小,而台风的强度与移速对于海表响应的影响存在一定的相关性.
