In this article,radiation effects and annealing characteristics of a bipolar analog-to-digital converter(ADC) are investigated in different biases and dose rates.The results show that ADC is sensitive to both the bias...In this article,radiation effects and annealing characteristics of a bipolar analog-to-digital converter(ADC) are investigated in different biases and dose rates.The results show that ADC is sensitive to both the bias and dose rate. Under high-dose-rate irradiation,the ADC functions well,while under low-dose-rate irradiation,the parameters of ADC change obviously at low dose level,and the damage is significant at zero bias.Combining the fringing field with the space charge model,the underlying mechanism for this response is discussed.展开更多
The high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility(HIAF)is a scientific research facility complex composed of multiple cas-cade accelerators of different types,which pose a scheduling problem for devices distributed ov...The high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility(HIAF)is a scientific research facility complex composed of multiple cas-cade accelerators of different types,which pose a scheduling problem for devices distributed over a certain range of 2 km,involving over a hundred devices.The white rabbit,a technology-enhancing Gigabit Ethernet,has shown the capability of scheduling distributed timing devices but still faces the challenge of obtaining real-time synchronization calibration param-eters with high precision.This study presents a calibration system based on a time-to-digital converter implemented on an ARM-based System-on-Chip(SoC).The system consists of four multi-sample delay lines,a bubble-proof encoder,an edge controller for managing data from different channels,and a highly effective calibration module that benefits from the SoC architecture.The performance was evaluated with an average RMS precision of 5.51 ps by measuring the time intervals from 0 to 24,000 ps with 120,000 data for every test.The design presented in this study refines the calibration precision of the HIAF timing system.This eliminates the errors caused by manual calibration without efficiency loss and provides data support for fault diagnosis.It can also be easily tailored or ported to other devices for specific applications and provides more space for developing timing systems for particle accelerators,such as white rabbits on HIAF.展开更多
Optical mode converters are essential for enhancing the capacity of optical communication systems. However, fabrication errors restrict the further improvement of conventional mode converters. To address this challeng...Optical mode converters are essential for enhancing the capacity of optical communication systems. However, fabrication errors restrict the further improvement of conventional mode converters. To address this challenge, we have designed an on-chip TE0–TE1mode converter based on topologically protected waveguide arrays. The simulation results demonstrate that the converter exhibits a mode coupling efficiency of 93.5% near 1550 nm and can tolerate a relative fabrication error of 30%. Our design approach can be extended to enhance the robustness for other integrated photonic devices, beneficial for future development of optical network systems.展开更多
Code converters are essential in digital nano communication;therefore,a low-complexity optimal QCA layout for a BCD to Excess-3 code converter has been proposed in this paper.A QCA clockphase-based design technique wa...Code converters are essential in digital nano communication;therefore,a low-complexity optimal QCA layout for a BCD to Excess-3 code converter has been proposed in this paper.A QCA clockphase-based design technique was adopted to investigate integration with other complicated circuits.Using a unique XOR gate,the recommended circuit’s cell complexity has been decreased.The findings produced using the QCADesigner-2.0.3,a reliable simulation tool,prove the effectiveness of the current structure over earlier designs by considering the number of cells deployed,the area occupied,and the latency as design metrics.In addition,the popular tool QCAPro was used to estimate the energy dissipation of the proposed design.The proposed technique reduces the occupied space by∼40%,improves cell complexity by∼20%,and reduces energy dissipation by∼1.8 times(atγ=1.5EK)compared to the current scalable designs.This paper also studied the suggested structure’s energy dissipation and compared it to existing works for a better performance evaluation.展开更多
Buck-Boost converter in the total dose radiation environment will mainly bring the output voltage drift, linear adjustment rate and load adjustment rate decline and other effects, so that the output stability performa...Buck-Boost converter in the total dose radiation environment will mainly bring the output voltage drift, linear adjustment rate and load adjustment rate decline and other effects, so that the output stability performance of the circuit deteriorates. Aiming at the problems of high cost,large layout area and poor universality caused by the traditional total ionizing dose effect hardening method based on process and layout, this paper proposes a total ionizing dose effect hardening design method with parallel monitoring and hardening, which can achieve total ionizing dose effect hardening at the circuit level without process. The anti-total dose capability of Buck-Boost converter is improved. The circuit design and physical implementation of the proposed method are verified based on 0.18 μm bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) double-diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor(DMOS)(BCD) process. The results show that the system gain decrease rate can be compensated from 19.2% to 6.2%, and the output voltage shift rate can be improved from 2.00% to 0.15% at a dose of 200×10^(3) rad(Si). Moreover, the load adjustment rate and linear adjustment rate are reduced. They are respectively decreased to 0.191 %/A and 0.093 %/V. This provides a new idea for the design of total ionizing dose effect hardening at circuit and system level.展开更多
The subsection linear torsional model of hydrodynamic torque converter was established and further simplified. According to the identification theory, the frequency characteristic was achieved with the Matlab/ Ident ...The subsection linear torsional model of hydrodynamic torque converter was established and further simplified. According to the identification theory, the frequency characteristic was achieved with the Matlab/ Ident toolbox. Then parametric model was established by adopting the subsection linearization method, and the damp value was estimated. The curve and function of damp changing with speed ratio was also established by fitting. In order to validate the identification results, the experimental output was compared with the output of the model in which torque was chosen as input signal and speed as output signal in Matlab/Ident toolbox. It was shown that model output is in good agreement with experimental output.展开更多
To minimize the reactive power of the converter of the control winding in the novel dual stator-winding induction generator based on the PWM converter, design features of the induction generator with a rectified load ...To minimize the reactive power of the converter of the control winding in the novel dual stator-winding induction generator based on the PWM converter, design features of the induction generator with a rectified load are proposed. The optimization method of excited capacitors to minimize the reactive power of the control winding at a variable speed is given. The calculation capacity of the machine with a diode bridge rectifier load is proposed. To achieve global searching, the integrated method with the improved real-coded genetic algorithm and the twodimensional finite element method （FEM） is introduced. Design results of the sample show that reactive power can be reduced by the method, and the converter capacity can be decreased to 1/3 of output rated power at the speed ratio of 1 ： 3, thus reducing the volume and the mass of the inverter.展开更多
Based on the output-voltage error function, a novel time discrete modulation technique is proposed for matrix converters （MCs） and time-discrete difference equations of a MC circuit are derived. Switch states of MC ...Based on the output-voltage error function, a novel time discrete modulation technique is proposed for matrix converters （MCs） and time-discrete difference equations of a MC circuit are derived. Switch states of MC are obtained when the output voltage error function is minimized, thus the optimum combination of switch states is derived for the closed-loop control of MC. Meanwhile, advantages of the least calculation workload, the simple process, and the convenient for implementation are brought while switch states are described as space vectors in the α-β coordination system. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the time-discrete modulation technique and the feasibility of the control approach.展开更多
A DC DC buck converter c on trolled by naturally sampled, constant frequency PWM is considered. The existe nce of chaotic solutions and the output performance of the system under differen t circuit parameters are s...A DC DC buck converter c on trolled by naturally sampled, constant frequency PWM is considered. The existe nce of chaotic solutions and the output performance of the system under differen t circuit parameters are studied. The transforming pattern of system behavior fr om steady state to chaotic is discovered by the cascades of period doubling bi furcation and the cascades of periodic orbit in V I phase space. Accordingl y, it is validated that change of values of the circuit parameters may lead DC DC converter to chaotic motion. Performances of the output ripples fro m steady state to chaotic are analyzed in time and frequency domains respective ly. Some important conclusions are helpful for opt imization design of DC DC converter.展开更多
Aim To develop blade mould CAD/CAM system of torque converter. Methods The mouldconsisted of four parts and an interactive computer program was developed to design a blade mould of torque converter based on UG at wor...Aim To develop blade mould CAD/CAM system of torque converter. Methods The mouldconsisted of four parts and an interactive computer program was developed to design a blade mould of torque converter based on UG at workstation. Results As compar- ed to manual modeling, it is showed in the application that this means not only improves the accuracy of blade shape and manufacture efficiency of converter, but also reduces costs. Conclusion It is proved that this CAD/CAM system is successful, and it opens up widely prospects for design and manufacture of the blade elementsand their moulds.展开更多
A frequency domain modeling method is given for a soft switching combination DC DC converter worked in current controlled discrete pulse modulation mode. A equivalent model for the current loop as one forward com...A frequency domain modeling method is given for a soft switching combination DC DC converter worked in current controlled discrete pulse modulation mode. A equivalent model for the current loop as one forward component in the converter system is built up directly at the first time. Using time domain simulation and Fourier transform, the method is helpful for system performance analysis and converter voltage regulator design, and can be applied to soft switching combination inverter.展开更多
Phase shifted converter realizes zero voltage switching (ZVS) with the use of leakage inductance of the main transformer, however, the realization of ZVS for lagging bridge leg is difficult. This paper proposes a c...Phase shifted converter realizes zero voltage switching (ZVS) with the use of leakage inductance of the main transformer, however, the realization of ZVS for lagging bridge leg is difficult. This paper proposes a current enhanced principle, and based on the principle, a novel phase shifted converter is proposed, which adds an auxi liary resonant net to the conventional full bridge converter to help the lagging bridge leg to realize ZVS. The principle and the design of the novel converter are analyzed, and the simulational and experimental results verify the principle.展开更多
文摘In this article,radiation effects and annealing characteristics of a bipolar analog-to-digital converter(ADC) are investigated in different biases and dose rates.The results show that ADC is sensitive to both the bias and dose rate. Under high-dose-rate irradiation,the ADC functions well,while under low-dose-rate irradiation,the parameters of ADC change obviously at low dose level,and the damage is significant at zero bias.Combining the fringing field with the space charge model,the underlying mechanism for this response is discussed.
基金supported by high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility(HIAF)approved by the National Development and Reform Commission of China(2017-000052-73-01-002107)。
文摘The high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility(HIAF)is a scientific research facility complex composed of multiple cas-cade accelerators of different types,which pose a scheduling problem for devices distributed over a certain range of 2 km,involving over a hundred devices.The white rabbit,a technology-enhancing Gigabit Ethernet,has shown the capability of scheduling distributed timing devices but still faces the challenge of obtaining real-time synchronization calibration param-eters with high precision.This study presents a calibration system based on a time-to-digital converter implemented on an ARM-based System-on-Chip(SoC).The system consists of four multi-sample delay lines,a bubble-proof encoder,an edge controller for managing data from different channels,and a highly effective calibration module that benefits from the SoC architecture.The performance was evaluated with an average RMS precision of 5.51 ps by measuring the time intervals from 0 to 24,000 ps with 120,000 data for every test.The design presented in this study refines the calibration precision of the HIAF timing system.This eliminates the errors caused by manual calibration without efficiency loss and provides data support for fault diagnosis.It can also be easily tailored or ported to other devices for specific applications and provides more space for developing timing systems for particle accelerators,such as white rabbits on HIAF.
基金Project supported by the National Undergraduate Training Projects for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (Grant No. 5003182007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074137)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Project of China (Grant No. 2021YFB2801903)the Natural Science Foundation from the Science,Technology,and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (Grant No. JCYJ20220530161010023)。
文摘Optical mode converters are essential for enhancing the capacity of optical communication systems. However, fabrication errors restrict the further improvement of conventional mode converters. To address this challenge, we have designed an on-chip TE0–TE1mode converter based on topologically protected waveguide arrays. The simulation results demonstrate that the converter exhibits a mode coupling efficiency of 93.5% near 1550 nm and can tolerate a relative fabrication error of 30%. Our design approach can be extended to enhance the robustness for other integrated photonic devices, beneficial for future development of optical network systems.
文摘Code converters are essential in digital nano communication;therefore,a low-complexity optimal QCA layout for a BCD to Excess-3 code converter has been proposed in this paper.A QCA clockphase-based design technique was adopted to investigate integration with other complicated circuits.Using a unique XOR gate,the recommended circuit’s cell complexity has been decreased.The findings produced using the QCADesigner-2.0.3,a reliable simulation tool,prove the effectiveness of the current structure over earlier designs by considering the number of cells deployed,the area occupied,and the latency as design metrics.In addition,the popular tool QCAPro was used to estimate the energy dissipation of the proposed design.The proposed technique reduces the occupied space by∼40%,improves cell complexity by∼20%,and reduces energy dissipation by∼1.8 times(atγ=1.5EK)compared to the current scalable designs.This paper also studied the suggested structure’s energy dissipation and compared it to existing works for a better performance evaluation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62171367)Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province (No. 2021GY-060)+1 种基金Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi Province (No. 2022TD-39)School-Enterprise Collaboration Fund of Xi’an University of Technology (No. 252062109)。
文摘Buck-Boost converter in the total dose radiation environment will mainly bring the output voltage drift, linear adjustment rate and load adjustment rate decline and other effects, so that the output stability performance of the circuit deteriorates. Aiming at the problems of high cost,large layout area and poor universality caused by the traditional total ionizing dose effect hardening method based on process and layout, this paper proposes a total ionizing dose effect hardening design method with parallel monitoring and hardening, which can achieve total ionizing dose effect hardening at the circuit level without process. The anti-total dose capability of Buck-Boost converter is improved. The circuit design and physical implementation of the proposed method are verified based on 0.18 μm bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS) double-diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor(DMOS)(BCD) process. The results show that the system gain decrease rate can be compensated from 19.2% to 6.2%, and the output voltage shift rate can be improved from 2.00% to 0.15% at a dose of 200×10^(3) rad(Si). Moreover, the load adjustment rate and linear adjustment rate are reduced. They are respectively decreased to 0.191 %/A and 0.093 %/V. This provides a new idea for the design of total ionizing dose effect hardening at circuit and system level.
文摘The subsection linear torsional model of hydrodynamic torque converter was established and further simplified. According to the identification theory, the frequency characteristic was achieved with the Matlab/ Ident toolbox. Then parametric model was established by adopting the subsection linearization method, and the damp value was estimated. The curve and function of damp changing with speed ratio was also established by fitting. In order to validate the identification results, the experimental output was compared with the output of the model in which torque was chosen as input signal and speed as output signal in Matlab/Ident toolbox. It was shown that model output is in good agreement with experimental output.
文摘To minimize the reactive power of the converter of the control winding in the novel dual stator-winding induction generator based on the PWM converter, design features of the induction generator with a rectified load are proposed. The optimization method of excited capacitors to minimize the reactive power of the control winding at a variable speed is given. The calculation capacity of the machine with a diode bridge rectifier load is proposed. To achieve global searching, the integrated method with the improved real-coded genetic algorithm and the twodimensional finite element method （FEM） is introduced. Design results of the sample show that reactive power can be reduced by the method, and the converter capacity can be decreased to 1/3 of output rated power at the speed ratio of 1 ： 3, thus reducing the volume and the mass of the inverter.
文摘Based on the output-voltage error function, a novel time discrete modulation technique is proposed for matrix converters （MCs） and time-discrete difference equations of a MC circuit are derived. Switch states of MC are obtained when the output voltage error function is minimized, thus the optimum combination of switch states is derived for the closed-loop control of MC. Meanwhile, advantages of the least calculation workload, the simple process, and the convenient for implementation are brought while switch states are described as space vectors in the α-β coordination system. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the time-discrete modulation technique and the feasibility of the control approach.
文摘A DC DC buck converter c on trolled by naturally sampled, constant frequency PWM is considered. The existe nce of chaotic solutions and the output performance of the system under differen t circuit parameters are studied. The transforming pattern of system behavior fr om steady state to chaotic is discovered by the cascades of period doubling bi furcation and the cascades of periodic orbit in V I phase space. Accordingl y, it is validated that change of values of the circuit parameters may lead DC DC converter to chaotic motion. Performances of the output ripples fro m steady state to chaotic are analyzed in time and frequency domains respective ly. Some important conclusions are helpful for opt imization design of DC DC converter.
文摘Aim To develop blade mould CAD/CAM system of torque converter. Methods The mouldconsisted of four parts and an interactive computer program was developed to design a blade mould of torque converter based on UG at workstation. Results As compar- ed to manual modeling, it is showed in the application that this means not only improves the accuracy of blade shape and manufacture efficiency of converter, but also reduces costs. Conclusion It is proved that this CAD/CAM system is successful, and it opens up widely prospects for design and manufacture of the blade elementsand their moulds.
文摘A frequency domain modeling method is given for a soft switching combination DC DC converter worked in current controlled discrete pulse modulation mode. A equivalent model for the current loop as one forward component in the converter system is built up directly at the first time. Using time domain simulation and Fourier transform, the method is helpful for system performance analysis and converter voltage regulator design, and can be applied to soft switching combination inverter.
文摘Phase shifted converter realizes zero voltage switching (ZVS) with the use of leakage inductance of the main transformer, however, the realization of ZVS for lagging bridge leg is difficult. This paper proposes a current enhanced principle, and based on the principle, a novel phase shifted converter is proposed, which adds an auxi liary resonant net to the conventional full bridge converter to help the lagging bridge leg to realize ZVS. The principle and the design of the novel converter are analyzed, and the simulational and experimental results verify the principle.
