胆固醇是人体重要的脂质,胆固醇水平过高可引发高胆固醇血症等疾病,3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGCR)是催化胆固醇生物合成中的限速酶,因此HMGCR是调节胆固醇稳态的关键因素,HM...胆固醇是人体重要的脂质,胆固醇水平过高可引发高胆固醇血症等疾病,3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGCR)是催化胆固醇生物合成中的限速酶,因此HMGCR是调节胆固醇稳态的关键因素,HMGCR在体内的调控机制十分复杂。本文从HMGCR的转录表达、降解、活性方面总结了该酶调控机制的研究进展及与相关疾病的关系。展开更多
Hydroxy-16α,17α,21-trimethyl-5-en-20-one was synthesized from 3α-acetoxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, MS and IR. 16α,17α-Dimethyl steroid was formed by treatment of 3β-...Hydroxy-16α,17α,21-trimethyl-5-en-20-one was synthesized from 3α-acetoxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, MS and IR. 16α,17α-Dimethyl steroid was formed by treatment of 3β-acetoxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one with methylmagnesium bromide, followed by reaction of the resulting 17(20)-enolate with methyl iodide. The main by- products were 3β-hydroxy-16α,17α-dimethyl-5-en-20-one. LHDMS([(CH 3) 3Si] 2NLi) and LDA([(CH 3) 2CH] 2NLi) were chosen as proper reagents for 21-position alkylation. The almost quantitative conversion of 16α,17α-dimethyl corticosteroid was achieved and the highest yield of the 16α,17α,21-trimethyl corticosteroid was 78%. The optimum reaction temperature was -20 ℃ for 16α,17α- dialkylation and was -50 ℃ for 21- position alkylation.展开更多
文摘胆固醇是人体重要的脂质,胆固醇水平过高可引发高胆固醇血症等疾病,3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGCR)是催化胆固醇生物合成中的限速酶,因此HMGCR是调节胆固醇稳态的关键因素,HMGCR在体内的调控机制十分复杂。本文从HMGCR的转录表达、降解、活性方面总结了该酶调控机制的研究进展及与相关疾病的关系。
文摘Hydroxy-16α,17α,21-trimethyl-5-en-20-one was synthesized from 3α-acetoxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, MS and IR. 16α,17α-Dimethyl steroid was formed by treatment of 3β-acetoxypregna-5,16-dien-20-one with methylmagnesium bromide, followed by reaction of the resulting 17(20)-enolate with methyl iodide. The main by- products were 3β-hydroxy-16α,17α-dimethyl-5-en-20-one. LHDMS([(CH 3) 3Si] 2NLi) and LDA([(CH 3) 2CH] 2NLi) were chosen as proper reagents for 21-position alkylation. The almost quantitative conversion of 16α,17α-dimethyl corticosteroid was achieved and the highest yield of the 16α,17α,21-trimethyl corticosteroid was 78%. The optimum reaction temperature was -20 ℃ for 16α,17α- dialkylation and was -50 ℃ for 21- position alkylation.
