This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction(UAE)(at 20 kHz and different powers of 0,200,300,400,500 and 600 W for 10 min)on the yield,structure and emulsifying properties of ...This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction(UAE)(at 20 kHz and different powers of 0,200,300,400,500 and 600 W for 10 min)on the yield,structure and emulsifying properties of chickpea protein isolate(CPI).Compared with the non-ultrasound group,ultrasound treatment at 400 W resulted in the largest increase in CPI yield,and both the particle size and turbidity decreased with increasing ultrasound power from 0 to 400 W.The scanning electron microscope results showed a uniform structural distribution of CPI.Moreover,itsα-helix content increased,β-sheet content decreased,and total sulfhydryl group content and endogenous fluorescence intensity rose,illustrating that UAE changed the secondary and tertiary structure of CPI.At 400 W,the solubility of the emulsion increased to 63.18%,and the best emulsifying properties were obtained;the emulsifying activity index(EAI)and emulsifying stability index(ESI)increased by 85.42%and 46.78%,respectively.Furthermore,the emulsion droplets formed were smaller and more uniform.In conclusion,proper UAE power conditions increased the extraction yield and protein content of CPI,and effectively improved its structure and emulsifying characteristics.展开更多
Soil DNA extraction,such as microbial community analysis and gene drift detection,is an important basis for multiple analyses in different fields.Nevertheless,the soil DNA extraction methods for field detection are st...Soil DNA extraction,such as microbial community analysis and gene drift detection,is an important basis for multiple analyses in different fields.Nevertheless,the soil DNA extraction methods for field detection are still lacking.This study established a rapid soil DNA extraction(RSDE)method that can be used in field detection.In this method,we first utilized the optimized lysate to isolate DNA from soil and then used a filtration membrane and a DNA adsorption membrane to purify the DNA via the column method.Moreover,we used the pressure from the syringe instead of the conventional centrifugal force of the centrifuge to assist the sample filtration,resulting in very low requirements for this method,with an extraction time of less than 20 min.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the RSDE method was applicable for DNA extraction from different types of soils,with the demand for soil samples as low as 0.1 g and that the amount of obtained DNA was,to some extent,greater than that obtained by a commercial kit.Further analysis revealed that this extracted genomic DNA can be used directly for polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis,including ordinary PCR,real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)-CRISPR/Cas12a visual assays.In addition,we demonstrated that this method can be used to extract DNA from residual plant roots in addition to soil microbes,which lays a foundation for the comprehensive analysis of soil plants and microorganisms.In summary,the RSDE method proposed in this study may have wide application prospects.展开更多
Rutin,also known as vitamin P,belongs to the flavonoid class of compounds and is widely present in plants.Its ability to bind with albumin in the blood helps maintain capillary permeability,leading to its extensive us...Rutin,also known as vitamin P,belongs to the flavonoid class of compounds and is widely present in plants.Its ability to bind with albumin in the blood helps maintain capillary permeability,leading to its extensive use for cardiovascular protection.This review aimed to provide insights into the development of rutin raw material industry in China and its future applications in various fields,such as medicine,healthcare,food,and animal husbandry.The study began by comparing rutin quality standards across China,the United States and Europe,outlined the industrial extraction processes of rutin,and examined the biological activity and potential medical applications of rutin.展开更多
[Objective]Accurate prediction of tomato growth height is crucial for optimizing production environments in smart farming.However,current prediction methods predominantly rely on empirical,mechanistic,or learning-base...[Objective]Accurate prediction of tomato growth height is crucial for optimizing production environments in smart farming.However,current prediction methods predominantly rely on empirical,mechanistic,or learning-based models that utilize either images data or environmental data.These methods fail to fully leverage multi-modal data to capture the diverse aspects of plant growth comprehensively.[Methods]To address this limitation,a two-stage phenotypic feature extraction(PFE)model based on deep learning algorithm of recurrent neural network(RNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM)was developed.The model integrated environment and plant information to provide a holistic understanding of the growth process,emploied phenotypic and temporal feature extractors to comprehensively capture both types of features,enabled a deeper understanding of the interaction between tomato plants and their environment,ultimately leading to highly accurate predictions of growth height.[Results and Discussions]The experimental results showed the model's ef‐fectiveness:When predicting the next two days based on the past five days,the PFE-based RNN and LSTM models achieved mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 0.81%and 0.40%,respectively,which were significantly lower than the 8.00%MAPE of the large language model(LLM)and 6.72%MAPE of the Transformer-based model.In longer-term predictions,the 10-day prediction for 4 days ahead and the 30-day prediction for 12 days ahead,the PFE-RNN model continued to outperform the other two baseline models,with MAPE of 2.66%and 14.05%,respectively.[Conclusions]The proposed method,which leverages phenotypic-temporal collaboration,shows great potential for intelligent,data-driven management of tomato cultivation,making it a promising approach for enhancing the efficiency and precision of smart tomato planting management.展开更多
In modern war,radar countermeasure is becoming increasingly fierce,and the enemy jamming time and pattern are changing more randomly.It is challenging for the radar to efficiently identify jamming and obtain precise p...In modern war,radar countermeasure is becoming increasingly fierce,and the enemy jamming time and pattern are changing more randomly.It is challenging for the radar to efficiently identify jamming and obtain precise parameter information,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)situations.In this paper,an approach to intelligent recognition and complex jamming parameter estimate based on joint time-frequency distribution features is proposed to address this challenging issue.Firstly,a joint algorithm based on YOLOv5 convolutional neural networks(CNNs)is proposed,which is used to achieve the jamming signal classification and preliminary parameter estimation.Furthermore,an accurate jamming key parameters estimation algorithm is constructed by comprehensively utilizing chi-square statistical test,feature region search,position regression,spectrum interpolation,etc.,which realizes the accurate estimation of jamming carrier frequency,relative delay,Doppler frequency shift,and other parameters.Finally,the approach has improved performance for complex jamming recognition and parameter estimation under low SNR,and the recognition rate can reach 98%under−15 dB SNR,according to simulation and real data verification results.展开更多
The current study comprehensively evaluates four different protein extraction methods based on urea,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),anionic surfactants(BT),and total RNA extractor(Trizol),aiming to optimize the sample pre...The current study comprehensively evaluates four different protein extraction methods based on urea,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),anionic surfactants(BT),and total RNA extractor(Trizol),aiming to optimize the sample preparation workflow for mass spectrometry-based proteomics.Using HeLa cells as an example,we found that the method employing the mass spectrometry-compatible surfactant BT reagent significantly reduces the total time consumed for protein extraction and minimizes protein losses during the sample preparation process.Further integrating the four protein extraction methods,we identified over 7000 proteins from HeLa cells without relying on pre-fractionation techniques,and 2990 of them were quantified using label-free quantification.It is worth noting that the BT and SDS methods demonstrate higher efficiency in extracting membrane proteins,while the Urea and Trizol methods are more effective in extracting proteins from nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions.In summary,this study provides a novel solution for deep proteome coverage,particularly in the context of cellular protein extraction,by integrating mass spectrometry-compatible surfactants with traditional extraction methods to effectively enhance protein identification numbers.展开更多
Target maneuver recognition is a prerequisite for air combat situation awareness,trajectory prediction,threat assessment and maneuver decision.To get rid of the dependence of the current target maneuver recognition me...Target maneuver recognition is a prerequisite for air combat situation awareness,trajectory prediction,threat assessment and maneuver decision.To get rid of the dependence of the current target maneuver recognition method on empirical criteria and sample data,and automatically and adaptively complete the task of extracting the target maneuver pattern,in this paper,an air combat maneuver pattern extraction based on time series segmentation and clustering analysis is proposed by combining autoencoder,G-G clustering algorithm and the selective ensemble clustering analysis algorithm.Firstly,the autoencoder is used to extract key features of maneuvering trajectory to remove the impacts of redundant variables and reduce the data dimension;Then,taking the time information into account,the segmentation of Maneuver characteristic time series is realized with the improved FSTS-AEGG algorithm,and a large number of maneuver primitives are extracted;Finally,the maneuver primitives are grouped into some categories by using the selective ensemble multiple time series clustering algorithm,which can prove that each class represents a maneuver action.The maneuver pattern extraction method is applied to small scale air combat trajectory and can recognize and correctly partition at least 71.3%of maneuver actions,indicating that the method is effective and satisfies the requirements for engineering accuracy.In addition,this method can provide data support for various target maneuvering recognition methods proposed in the literature,greatly reduce the workload and improve the recognition accuracy.展开更多
To expand the study on the structures and biological activities of the anthracyclines anticancer drugs and reduce their toxic side effects,the new anthraquinone derivatives,9‑pyridylanthrahydrazone(9‑PAH)and 9,10‑bisp...To expand the study on the structures and biological activities of the anthracyclines anticancer drugs and reduce their toxic side effects,the new anthraquinone derivatives,9‑pyridylanthrahydrazone(9‑PAH)and 9,10‑bispyridylanthrahydrazone(9,10‑PAH)were designed and synthesized.Utilizing 9‑PAH and 9,10‑PAH as promising anticancer ligands,their respective copper complexes,namely[Cu(L1)Cl_(2)]Cl(1)and{[Cu_(4)(μ_(2)‑Cl)_(3)Cl_(4)(9,10‑PAH)_(2)(DMSO)_(2)]Cl_(2)}_(n)(2),were subsequently synthesized,where the new ligand L1 is formed by coupling two 9‑PAH ligands in the coordination reaction.The chemical and crystal structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by IR,MS,elemental analysis,and single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction.Complex 1 forms a mononuclear structure.L1 coordinates with Cu through its three N atoms,together with two Cl atoms,to form a five‑coordinated square pyramidal geometry.Complex 2 constitutes a polymeric structure,wherein each structural unit centrosymmetrically encompasses two five‑coordinated binuclear copper complexes(Cu1,Cu2)of 9,10‑PAH,with similar square pyramidal geometry.A chlorine atom(Cl_(2)),located at the symmetry center,bridges Cu1 and Cu1A to connect the two binuclear copper structures.Meanwhile,the two five‑coordinated Cu2 atoms symmetrically bridge the adjacent structural units via one coordinated Cl atom,respectively,thus forming a 1D chain‑like polymeric structure.In vitro anticancer activity assessments revealed that 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxicity even higher than cisplatin.Specifically,the IC_(50)values of 2 against HeLa‑229 and SK‑OV‑3 cancer cell lines were determined to be(5.92±0.32)μmol·L^(-1)and(6.48±0.39)μmol·L^(-1),respectively.2 could also block the proliferation of HeLa‑229 cells in S phase and significantly induce cell apoptosis.In addition,fluorescence quenching competition experiments suggested that 2 might interact with DNA by an intercalative binding mode,offering insights into its underlying anticancer mechanism.CCDC:2388918,1;2388919,2.展开更多
Two novel lanthanide complexes,[Sm_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)]·2H_(2)O·2EtOH(1)and[Pr_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·HBA·H_(2)O(2),where HBA=benzoic acid,4-OH-terpy=4-hydroxy-2,2'∶6...Two novel lanthanide complexes,[Sm_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)]·2H_(2)O·2EtOH(1)and[Pr_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·HBA·H_(2)O(2),where HBA=benzoic acid,4-OH-terpy=4-hydroxy-2,2'∶6',2″-terpyridine,were successfully synthesized using ultrasonic dissolution and the conventional solution method with two mixed ligands HBA and 4-OH-terpy.During the synthesis,4-OH-terpy was involved in the reaction as a neutral ligand,while HBA,in its deprotonated form(BA-),coordinated with the lanthanide ions as an acidic ligand.The crystal structures of these two complexes were precisely determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Elemental analysis,infrared and Raman spectroscopy,and powder X-ray diffraction techniques were also employed to further explore the physicochemical properties of the two complexes.The single-crystal X-ray diffraction data indicate that,despite their structural differences,both complexes belong to the triclinic crystal system P1 space group.The central lanthanide ions have the same coordination number but exhibit different coordination environments.To comprehensively evaluate the thermal stability of these two complexes,comprehensive tests including thermogravimetric analysis,differential thermogravimetric analysis,differential scanning calorimetry,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and mass spectrometry were conducted.Meanwhile,an in-depth investigation was conducted into the 3D infrared stacked images and mass spectra of the gases emitted from the complexes.In addition,studies of the fluorescence properties of complex1 showed that it exhibited fluorescence emission matching the Sm^(3+)characteristic transition.展开更多
The anti-hair loss mechanism of Aquilaria sinensis leaf extract(ASE)has been studied by using metabolomics and network pharmacology.Metabolomics was utilized to comprehensively identify the active constituents of ASE,...The anti-hair loss mechanism of Aquilaria sinensis leaf extract(ASE)has been studied by using metabolomics and network pharmacology.Metabolomics was utilized to comprehensively identify the active constituents of ASE,and the network pharmacology was used to elucidate their anti-hair loss mechanism,which was verified by molecular docking technology.572 active compounds were identified from the ASE by metabolomics methods,where there are 1447 corresponding targets and 492 targets related to hair loss,totaling 88 targets.20 core active substances were identified by constructing a network between common targets and active substances,which include vanillic acid,chorionic acid,caffeic acid and apigenin.The five key targets of TNF,TP53,IL6,PPARG,and EGFR were screened out by the PPI network analysis on 88 common targets.The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the inflammation,hormone balance,cell growth,proliferation,apoptosis,and oxidative stress are involved.Molecular docking studies have confirmed the high binding affinity between core active compounds and key targets.The drug similarity assessment on these core compounds suggested that they have the potential to be used as potential hair loss treatment drugs.This study elucidates the complex molecular mechanism of ASE in treating hair loss,and provides a reference for the future applications in hair care products.展开更多
A trinuclear copper complex [Cu_(3)(L2)_(2)(SO_(4))_(2)(H_(2)O)_(7)]·8H_(2)O(1)(HL2=1-hydroxy-3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-N-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine-8-carboxamide) with a multi-substituted imidazo[1,5-a]py...A trinuclear copper complex [Cu_(3)(L2)_(2)(SO_(4))_(2)(H_(2)O)_(7)]·8H_(2)O(1)(HL2=1-hydroxy-3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-N-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine-8-carboxamide) with a multi-substituted imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine scaffold was serendipitously prepared from the reaction of the pro-ligand of H_(2)L1(N,N'-bis(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxamide) with CuSO_(4)·5H_(2O) in aqueous solution at room temperature.Complex 1 was characterized by IR,single-crystal X-ray analysis,and magnetic susceptibility measurements.Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that the complex consists of three Cu(Ⅱ) ions,two in situ transformed L2~-ligands,two coordinated sulfates,seven coordinated water molecules,and eight uncoordinated water molecules.Magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that there are obvious ferromagnetic coupling interactions between the adjacent Cu(Ⅱ) ions in 1.CCDC:1852713.展开更多
A new cobalt(Ⅱ)-radical complex:[Co(im4-py)_(2)(PNB)_(2)](im4-py=2-(4'-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxyl,HPNB=p-nitrobenzoic acid)has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis,el...A new cobalt(Ⅱ)-radical complex:[Co(im4-py)_(2)(PNB)_(2)](im4-py=2-(4'-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxyl,HPNB=p-nitrobenzoic acid)has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis,elemental analysis,IR,and magnetic properties.X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the complex exists as mononuclear molecules and Co(Ⅱ)ion is four-coordinated with two radicals and two PNB-ligands.The magnetic susceptibility study indicates the complex exhibits weak ferromagnetic interactions between cobalt(Ⅱ)and im4-py radical.The magnetic property is explained by the magnetic and structure exchange mechanism.CCDC:976028.展开更多
We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic ligh...We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.展开更多
Three efficient methods for the synthesis of a series of Cu(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅰ) complexes based on imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives were developed.These methods include the following:(ⅰ)Cu(Ⅱ) salts were used as metal s...Three efficient methods for the synthesis of a series of Cu(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅰ) complexes based on imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives were developed.These methods include the following:(ⅰ)Cu(Ⅱ) salts were used as metal sources and N,N-dimethylformamide was employed as a solvent as well as a reductant to produce Cu(Ⅰ) complexes.(ⅱ) An iodide-containing compound was utilized as a ligand and iodide source to prepare complexes.An in situ metalligand reaction occurred and an iodide-bridged copper complex was generated.(ⅲ) A series of aldehydes were added to the reaction systems to induce in situ metal-ligand reactions between the aldehydes and the imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives,producing polydentate ligand scaffolds.Eight complexes were prepared and characterized.The catalytic activities of these complexes toward the ketalization of ketones by ethylene glycol were investigated.With the exception of complex4,the remaining seven complexes all showed high catalytic activity.The lower activity of 4 may be due to the larger radius of bridging iodide ions and the shorter Cu(Ⅰ)…Cu(Ⅰ) distance.CCDC:2357696,1·2CH_(2)Cl_(2);2357697,2;2018292,3;2092192,4;2092190,5;2155557,6;2406155,7;2406156,8·EtOH.展开更多
A tetranuclear Ln(Ⅲ)-based complex:[Dy_(4)(dbm)_(4)(L)_(6)(μ_(3)-OH)_(2)]·CH_(3)CN(1)(HL=5-[(4-methylbenzylidene)amino]quinolin-8-ol,Hdbm=dibenzoylmethane)was manufactured and its structure was characterized in...A tetranuclear Ln(Ⅲ)-based complex:[Dy_(4)(dbm)_(4)(L)_(6)(μ_(3)-OH)_(2)]·CH_(3)CN(1)(HL=5-[(4-methylbenzylidene)amino]quinolin-8-ol,Hdbm=dibenzoylmethane)was manufactured and its structure was characterized in detail.Xray diffraction analysis shows that complex 1 belongs to the monoclinic crystal system and its space group is P2_1/n,which contains a rhombic Dy_(4)core.Magnetic measurements of 1 suggest it possesses extraordinary single-molecule magnet(SMM)behavior.Its energy barrier U_(eff)/k_(B)was 116.7 K,and the pre-exponential coefficient τ_(0)=1.05×10~(-8)s.CCDC:2359322.展开更多
On-machine measurement(OMM)stands out as a pivotal technology in complex curved surface adaptive machining.However,the complex structure inherent in workpieces poses a significant challenge as the stylus orientation f...On-machine measurement(OMM)stands out as a pivotal technology in complex curved surface adaptive machining.However,the complex structure inherent in workpieces poses a significant challenge as the stylus orientation frequently shifts during the measurement process.Consequently,a substantial amount of time is allocated to calibrating pre-travel error and probe movement.Furthermore,the frequent movement of machine tools also increases the influence of machine errors.To enhance both accuracy and efficiency,an optimization strategy for the OMM process is proposed.Based on the kinematic chain of the machine tools,the relationship between the angle combination of rotary axes,the stylus orientation,and the calibration position of pre-travel error is disclosed.Additionally,an OMM efficiency optimization model for complex curved surfaces is developed.This model is solved to produce the optimal efficiency angle combinations for each to-be-measured point.Within each angle combination,the effects of positioning errors on measurement results are addressed by coordinate system offset and measurement result compensation method.Finally,the experiments on an impeller are used to demonstrate the practical utility of the proposed method.展开更多
Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structu...Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structures.These explosives exhibit significant advantages over traditional compounds,including higher density,greater heats of detonation,improved mechanical hardness,and excellent thermal stability.To effectively evaluate their detonation performance,it is crucial to have a reliable method for predicting detonation heat,velocity,and pressure.This study leverages experimental data and outputs from the leading commercial computer code to identify suitable decomposition pathways for different metal oxides,facilitating straightforward calculations for the detonation performance of alkali metal salts,and metal coordination compounds,along with EMOFs.The new model enhances predictive reliability for detonation velocities,aligning more closely with experimental results,as evi-denced by a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.68 km/s compared to 1.12 km/s for existing methods.Furthermore,it accommodates a broader range of compounds,including those containing Sr,Cd,and Ag,and provides predictions for EMOFs that are more consistent with computer code outputs than previous predictive models.展开更多
The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concen...The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concentration of ethanol, ammonia and cation (M+), pH of extraction solution, different kinds of organic solvent etc. The results show that 50%-60%(v/v) ethanol can reach high percentage extraction of GA. If 1% (v/v) ammonia solution was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, the percentage extraction can be increased from 2.0% to 2.31%. Without ammonia, 50mmol/L [M+] (M+ = K+, NH4+) was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, percentage extraction of GA can reach about 2.26%. If pH of solution (60% ethanol) was adjust to pH=4.0, it can reach high percentage extraction. If pH of solution (60% ethanol + 50mmol [M+], pH=6.1) was adjust tO PH=4.0, especially M+ is K+ or NH4+, it can reach almost same extraction efficiency as that of 1% ammonia solution + 60% ethanol, and the operation environment can be greatly improved.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction(UAE)(at 20 kHz and different powers of 0,200,300,400,500 and 600 W for 10 min)on the yield,structure and emulsifying properties of chickpea protein isolate(CPI).Compared with the non-ultrasound group,ultrasound treatment at 400 W resulted in the largest increase in CPI yield,and both the particle size and turbidity decreased with increasing ultrasound power from 0 to 400 W.The scanning electron microscope results showed a uniform structural distribution of CPI.Moreover,itsα-helix content increased,β-sheet content decreased,and total sulfhydryl group content and endogenous fluorescence intensity rose,illustrating that UAE changed the secondary and tertiary structure of CPI.At 400 W,the solubility of the emulsion increased to 63.18%,and the best emulsifying properties were obtained;the emulsifying activity index(EAI)and emulsifying stability index(ESI)increased by 85.42%and 46.78%,respectively.Furthermore,the emulsion droplets formed were smaller and more uniform.In conclusion,proper UAE power conditions increased the extraction yield and protein content of CPI,and effectively improved its structure and emulsifying characteristics.
基金the Experimental Technology Research Project of Zhejiang University(SYB202138)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000195).
文摘Soil DNA extraction,such as microbial community analysis and gene drift detection,is an important basis for multiple analyses in different fields.Nevertheless,the soil DNA extraction methods for field detection are still lacking.This study established a rapid soil DNA extraction(RSDE)method that can be used in field detection.In this method,we first utilized the optimized lysate to isolate DNA from soil and then used a filtration membrane and a DNA adsorption membrane to purify the DNA via the column method.Moreover,we used the pressure from the syringe instead of the conventional centrifugal force of the centrifuge to assist the sample filtration,resulting in very low requirements for this method,with an extraction time of less than 20 min.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the RSDE method was applicable for DNA extraction from different types of soils,with the demand for soil samples as low as 0.1 g and that the amount of obtained DNA was,to some extent,greater than that obtained by a commercial kit.Further analysis revealed that this extracted genomic DNA can be used directly for polymerase chain reaction(PCR)analysis,including ordinary PCR,real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)-CRISPR/Cas12a visual assays.In addition,we demonstrated that this method can be used to extract DNA from residual plant roots in addition to soil microbes,which lays a foundation for the comprehensive analysis of soil plants and microorganisms.In summary,the RSDE method proposed in this study may have wide application prospects.
基金Supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Project Foundation of Henan Provincial Scientific and Technological Department(242102310530,242102310119,252102310498)the Zhumadian Science and Technology Innovation Youth Special Project(QNZX202413)+1 种基金the Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Tackling Program(LHGJ20241009,LHGJ20241006)the Key Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(25B180015,25B230006)。
文摘Rutin,also known as vitamin P,belongs to the flavonoid class of compounds and is widely present in plants.Its ability to bind with albumin in the blood helps maintain capillary permeability,leading to its extensive use for cardiovascular protection.This review aimed to provide insights into the development of rutin raw material industry in China and its future applications in various fields,such as medicine,healthcare,food,and animal husbandry.The study began by comparing rutin quality standards across China,the United States and Europe,outlined the industrial extraction processes of rutin,and examined the biological activity and potential medical applications of rutin.
文摘[Objective]Accurate prediction of tomato growth height is crucial for optimizing production environments in smart farming.However,current prediction methods predominantly rely on empirical,mechanistic,or learning-based models that utilize either images data or environmental data.These methods fail to fully leverage multi-modal data to capture the diverse aspects of plant growth comprehensively.[Methods]To address this limitation,a two-stage phenotypic feature extraction(PFE)model based on deep learning algorithm of recurrent neural network(RNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM)was developed.The model integrated environment and plant information to provide a holistic understanding of the growth process,emploied phenotypic and temporal feature extractors to comprehensively capture both types of features,enabled a deeper understanding of the interaction between tomato plants and their environment,ultimately leading to highly accurate predictions of growth height.[Results and Discussions]The experimental results showed the model's ef‐fectiveness:When predicting the next two days based on the past five days,the PFE-based RNN and LSTM models achieved mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 0.81%and 0.40%,respectively,which were significantly lower than the 8.00%MAPE of the large language model(LLM)and 6.72%MAPE of the Transformer-based model.In longer-term predictions,the 10-day prediction for 4 days ahead and the 30-day prediction for 12 days ahead,the PFE-RNN model continued to outperform the other two baseline models,with MAPE of 2.66%and 14.05%,respectively.[Conclusions]The proposed method,which leverages phenotypic-temporal collaboration,shows great potential for intelligent,data-driven management of tomato cultivation,making it a promising approach for enhancing the efficiency and precision of smart tomato planting management.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020MF015)Aerospace Technology Group Stability Support Project(ZY0110020009).
文摘In modern war,radar countermeasure is becoming increasingly fierce,and the enemy jamming time and pattern are changing more randomly.It is challenging for the radar to efficiently identify jamming and obtain precise parameter information,particularly in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)situations.In this paper,an approach to intelligent recognition and complex jamming parameter estimate based on joint time-frequency distribution features is proposed to address this challenging issue.Firstly,a joint algorithm based on YOLOv5 convolutional neural networks(CNNs)is proposed,which is used to achieve the jamming signal classification and preliminary parameter estimation.Furthermore,an accurate jamming key parameters estimation algorithm is constructed by comprehensively utilizing chi-square statistical test,feature region search,position regression,spectrum interpolation,etc.,which realizes the accurate estimation of jamming carrier frequency,relative delay,Doppler frequency shift,and other parameters.Finally,the approach has improved performance for complex jamming recognition and parameter estimation under low SNR,and the recognition rate can reach 98%under−15 dB SNR,according to simulation and real data verification results.
文摘The current study comprehensively evaluates four different protein extraction methods based on urea,sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS),anionic surfactants(BT),and total RNA extractor(Trizol),aiming to optimize the sample preparation workflow for mass spectrometry-based proteomics.Using HeLa cells as an example,we found that the method employing the mass spectrometry-compatible surfactant BT reagent significantly reduces the total time consumed for protein extraction and minimizes protein losses during the sample preparation process.Further integrating the four protein extraction methods,we identified over 7000 proteins from HeLa cells without relying on pre-fractionation techniques,and 2990 of them were quantified using label-free quantification.It is worth noting that the BT and SDS methods demonstrate higher efficiency in extracting membrane proteins,while the Urea and Trizol methods are more effective in extracting proteins from nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions.In summary,this study provides a novel solution for deep proteome coverage,particularly in the context of cellular protein extraction,by integrating mass spectrometry-compatible surfactants with traditional extraction methods to effectively enhance protein identification numbers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.72301293)。
文摘Target maneuver recognition is a prerequisite for air combat situation awareness,trajectory prediction,threat assessment and maneuver decision.To get rid of the dependence of the current target maneuver recognition method on empirical criteria and sample data,and automatically and adaptively complete the task of extracting the target maneuver pattern,in this paper,an air combat maneuver pattern extraction based on time series segmentation and clustering analysis is proposed by combining autoencoder,G-G clustering algorithm and the selective ensemble clustering analysis algorithm.Firstly,the autoencoder is used to extract key features of maneuvering trajectory to remove the impacts of redundant variables and reduce the data dimension;Then,taking the time information into account,the segmentation of Maneuver characteristic time series is realized with the improved FSTS-AEGG algorithm,and a large number of maneuver primitives are extracted;Finally,the maneuver primitives are grouped into some categories by using the selective ensemble multiple time series clustering algorithm,which can prove that each class represents a maneuver action.The maneuver pattern extraction method is applied to small scale air combat trajectory and can recognize and correctly partition at least 71.3%of maneuver actions,indicating that the method is effective and satisfies the requirements for engineering accuracy.In addition,this method can provide data support for various target maneuvering recognition methods proposed in the literature,greatly reduce the workload and improve the recognition accuracy.
文摘To expand the study on the structures and biological activities of the anthracyclines anticancer drugs and reduce their toxic side effects,the new anthraquinone derivatives,9‑pyridylanthrahydrazone(9‑PAH)and 9,10‑bispyridylanthrahydrazone(9,10‑PAH)were designed and synthesized.Utilizing 9‑PAH and 9,10‑PAH as promising anticancer ligands,their respective copper complexes,namely[Cu(L1)Cl_(2)]Cl(1)and{[Cu_(4)(μ_(2)‑Cl)_(3)Cl_(4)(9,10‑PAH)_(2)(DMSO)_(2)]Cl_(2)}_(n)(2),were subsequently synthesized,where the new ligand L1 is formed by coupling two 9‑PAH ligands in the coordination reaction.The chemical and crystal structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by IR,MS,elemental analysis,and single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction.Complex 1 forms a mononuclear structure.L1 coordinates with Cu through its three N atoms,together with two Cl atoms,to form a five‑coordinated square pyramidal geometry.Complex 2 constitutes a polymeric structure,wherein each structural unit centrosymmetrically encompasses two five‑coordinated binuclear copper complexes(Cu1,Cu2)of 9,10‑PAH,with similar square pyramidal geometry.A chlorine atom(Cl_(2)),located at the symmetry center,bridges Cu1 and Cu1A to connect the two binuclear copper structures.Meanwhile,the two five‑coordinated Cu2 atoms symmetrically bridge the adjacent structural units via one coordinated Cl atom,respectively,thus forming a 1D chain‑like polymeric structure.In vitro anticancer activity assessments revealed that 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxicity even higher than cisplatin.Specifically,the IC_(50)values of 2 against HeLa‑229 and SK‑OV‑3 cancer cell lines were determined to be(5.92±0.32)μmol·L^(-1)and(6.48±0.39)μmol·L^(-1),respectively.2 could also block the proliferation of HeLa‑229 cells in S phase and significantly induce cell apoptosis.In addition,fluorescence quenching competition experiments suggested that 2 might interact with DNA by an intercalative binding mode,offering insights into its underlying anticancer mechanism.CCDC:2388918,1;2388919,2.
文摘Two novel lanthanide complexes,[Sm_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)]·2H_(2)O·2EtOH(1)and[Pr_(2)(BA)_(6)(4-OH-terpy)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·HBA·H_(2)O(2),where HBA=benzoic acid,4-OH-terpy=4-hydroxy-2,2'∶6',2″-terpyridine,were successfully synthesized using ultrasonic dissolution and the conventional solution method with two mixed ligands HBA and 4-OH-terpy.During the synthesis,4-OH-terpy was involved in the reaction as a neutral ligand,while HBA,in its deprotonated form(BA-),coordinated with the lanthanide ions as an acidic ligand.The crystal structures of these two complexes were precisely determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Elemental analysis,infrared and Raman spectroscopy,and powder X-ray diffraction techniques were also employed to further explore the physicochemical properties of the two complexes.The single-crystal X-ray diffraction data indicate that,despite their structural differences,both complexes belong to the triclinic crystal system P1 space group.The central lanthanide ions have the same coordination number but exhibit different coordination environments.To comprehensively evaluate the thermal stability of these two complexes,comprehensive tests including thermogravimetric analysis,differential thermogravimetric analysis,differential scanning calorimetry,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and mass spectrometry were conducted.Meanwhile,an in-depth investigation was conducted into the 3D infrared stacked images and mass spectra of the gases emitted from the complexes.In addition,studies of the fluorescence properties of complex1 showed that it exhibited fluorescence emission matching the Sm^(3+)characteristic transition.
文摘The anti-hair loss mechanism of Aquilaria sinensis leaf extract(ASE)has been studied by using metabolomics and network pharmacology.Metabolomics was utilized to comprehensively identify the active constituents of ASE,and the network pharmacology was used to elucidate their anti-hair loss mechanism,which was verified by molecular docking technology.572 active compounds were identified from the ASE by metabolomics methods,where there are 1447 corresponding targets and 492 targets related to hair loss,totaling 88 targets.20 core active substances were identified by constructing a network between common targets and active substances,which include vanillic acid,chorionic acid,caffeic acid and apigenin.The five key targets of TNF,TP53,IL6,PPARG,and EGFR were screened out by the PPI network analysis on 88 common targets.The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the inflammation,hormone balance,cell growth,proliferation,apoptosis,and oxidative stress are involved.Molecular docking studies have confirmed the high binding affinity between core active compounds and key targets.The drug similarity assessment on these core compounds suggested that they have the potential to be used as potential hair loss treatment drugs.This study elucidates the complex molecular mechanism of ASE in treating hair loss,and provides a reference for the future applications in hair care products.
文摘A trinuclear copper complex [Cu_(3)(L2)_(2)(SO_(4))_(2)(H_(2)O)_(7)]·8H_(2)O(1)(HL2=1-hydroxy-3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-N-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine-8-carboxamide) with a multi-substituted imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine scaffold was serendipitously prepared from the reaction of the pro-ligand of H_(2)L1(N,N'-bis(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxamide) with CuSO_(4)·5H_(2O) in aqueous solution at room temperature.Complex 1 was characterized by IR,single-crystal X-ray analysis,and magnetic susceptibility measurements.Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that the complex consists of three Cu(Ⅱ) ions,two in situ transformed L2~-ligands,two coordinated sulfates,seven coordinated water molecules,and eight uncoordinated water molecules.Magnetic susceptibility measurement indicates that there are obvious ferromagnetic coupling interactions between the adjacent Cu(Ⅱ) ions in 1.CCDC:1852713.
文摘A new cobalt(Ⅱ)-radical complex:[Co(im4-py)_(2)(PNB)_(2)](im4-py=2-(4'-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxyl,HPNB=p-nitrobenzoic acid)has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis,elemental analysis,IR,and magnetic properties.X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the complex exists as mononuclear molecules and Co(Ⅱ)ion is four-coordinated with two radicals and two PNB-ligands.The magnetic susceptibility study indicates the complex exhibits weak ferromagnetic interactions between cobalt(Ⅱ)and im4-py radical.The magnetic property is explained by the magnetic and structure exchange mechanism.CCDC:976028.
文摘We have examined the theoretical implications of combining two main and three auxiliary ligands to form several Ir(Ⅲ)complexes featuring a transition metal as their core atom to identify some appropriate organic lightemitting diode(OLED)materials.By utilizing electronic structure,frontier molecular orbitals,minimum single-line absorption,triplet excited states,and emission spectral data derived from the density functional theory,the usefulness of these Ir(Ⅲ)complexes,including(piq)_(2)Ir(acac),(piq)_(2)Ir(tmd),(piq)_(2)Ir(tpip),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(acac),(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tmd),and(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip),in OLEDs was examined,where piq=1-phenylisoquinoline,fpiq=1-(4-fluorophenyl)isoquinoline,acac=(3Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one,tmd=(4Z)-5-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylhept-4-en-3-one,and tpip=tetraphenylimido-diphosphonate.These complexes all have low-efficiency roll-off properties,especially(fpiq)_(2)Ir(tpip).Some researchers have successfully synthesized complexes extremely similar to(piq)_(2)Ir(acac)through the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
文摘Three efficient methods for the synthesis of a series of Cu(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅰ) complexes based on imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives were developed.These methods include the following:(ⅰ)Cu(Ⅱ) salts were used as metal sources and N,N-dimethylformamide was employed as a solvent as well as a reductant to produce Cu(Ⅰ) complexes.(ⅱ) An iodide-containing compound was utilized as a ligand and iodide source to prepare complexes.An in situ metalligand reaction occurred and an iodide-bridged copper complex was generated.(ⅲ) A series of aldehydes were added to the reaction systems to induce in situ metal-ligand reactions between the aldehydes and the imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives,producing polydentate ligand scaffolds.Eight complexes were prepared and characterized.The catalytic activities of these complexes toward the ketalization of ketones by ethylene glycol were investigated.With the exception of complex4,the remaining seven complexes all showed high catalytic activity.The lower activity of 4 may be due to the larger radius of bridging iodide ions and the shorter Cu(Ⅰ)…Cu(Ⅰ) distance.CCDC:2357696,1·2CH_(2)Cl_(2);2357697,2;2018292,3;2092192,4;2092190,5;2155557,6;2406155,7;2406156,8·EtOH.
文摘A tetranuclear Ln(Ⅲ)-based complex:[Dy_(4)(dbm)_(4)(L)_(6)(μ_(3)-OH)_(2)]·CH_(3)CN(1)(HL=5-[(4-methylbenzylidene)amino]quinolin-8-ol,Hdbm=dibenzoylmethane)was manufactured and its structure was characterized in detail.Xray diffraction analysis shows that complex 1 belongs to the monoclinic crystal system and its space group is P2_1/n,which contains a rhombic Dy_(4)core.Magnetic measurements of 1 suggest it possesses extraordinary single-molecule magnet(SMM)behavior.Its energy barrier U_(eff)/k_(B)was 116.7 K,and the pre-exponential coefficient τ_(0)=1.05×10~(-8)s.CCDC:2359322.
基金Projects(51775445,52175435)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(CX2023051)supported by the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University,China。
文摘On-machine measurement(OMM)stands out as a pivotal technology in complex curved surface adaptive machining.However,the complex structure inherent in workpieces poses a significant challenge as the stylus orientation frequently shifts during the measurement process.Consequently,a substantial amount of time is allocated to calibrating pre-travel error and probe movement.Furthermore,the frequent movement of machine tools also increases the influence of machine errors.To enhance both accuracy and efficiency,an optimization strategy for the OMM process is proposed.Based on the kinematic chain of the machine tools,the relationship between the angle combination of rotary axes,the stylus orientation,and the calibration position of pre-travel error is disclosed.Additionally,an OMM efficiency optimization model for complex curved surfaces is developed.This model is solved to produce the optimal efficiency angle combinations for each to-be-measured point.Within each angle combination,the effects of positioning errors on measurement results are addressed by coordinate system offset and measurement result compensation method.Finally,the experiments on an impeller are used to demonstrate the practical utility of the proposed method.
基金the research committee at Malek Ashtar University of Technology (MUT) for their invaluable support of this project
文摘Recent advancements have led to the synthesis of various new metal-containing explosives,particularly energetic metal-organic frameworks(EMOFs),which feature high-energy ligands within well-ordered crystalline structures.These explosives exhibit significant advantages over traditional compounds,including higher density,greater heats of detonation,improved mechanical hardness,and excellent thermal stability.To effectively evaluate their detonation performance,it is crucial to have a reliable method for predicting detonation heat,velocity,and pressure.This study leverages experimental data and outputs from the leading commercial computer code to identify suitable decomposition pathways for different metal oxides,facilitating straightforward calculations for the detonation performance of alkali metal salts,and metal coordination compounds,along with EMOFs.The new model enhances predictive reliability for detonation velocities,aligning more closely with experimental results,as evi-denced by a root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.68 km/s compared to 1.12 km/s for existing methods.Furthermore,it accommodates a broader range of compounds,including those containing Sr,Cd,and Ag,and provides predictions for EMOFs that are more consistent with computer code outputs than previous predictive models.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.29836130).
文摘The property of extraction solution is an important factor influencing the extraction efficiency. In the present work, the effect of the property of solution on extraction of GA was studied, which including the concentration of ethanol, ammonia and cation (M+), pH of extraction solution, different kinds of organic solvent etc. The results show that 50%-60%(v/v) ethanol can reach high percentage extraction of GA. If 1% (v/v) ammonia solution was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, the percentage extraction can be increased from 2.0% to 2.31%. Without ammonia, 50mmol/L [M+] (M+ = K+, NH4+) was added into 60%(v/v) ethanol, percentage extraction of GA can reach about 2.26%. If pH of solution (60% ethanol) was adjust to pH=4.0, it can reach high percentage extraction. If pH of solution (60% ethanol + 50mmol [M+], pH=6.1) was adjust tO PH=4.0, especially M+ is K+ or NH4+, it can reach almost same extraction efficiency as that of 1% ammonia solution + 60% ethanol, and the operation environment can be greatly improved.
