以硝酸铈铵为引发剂、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠(AMPSNa)为接枝改性单体,对魔芋葡甘露聚糖(KGM)进行接枝改性。考察反应温度、引发剂用量、AMPSNa浓度等因素对KGM-g-AMPSNa接枝共聚物溶胶黏度的影响以及交联剂对接枝共聚物交联及压...以硝酸铈铵为引发剂、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠(AMPSNa)为接枝改性单体,对魔芋葡甘露聚糖(KGM)进行接枝改性。考察反应温度、引发剂用量、AMPSNa浓度等因素对KGM-g-AMPSNa接枝共聚物溶胶黏度的影响以及交联剂对接枝共聚物交联及压裂液性能的影响。采用FTIR技术对KGM-g-AMPSNa结构进行表征。实验结果表明,合成接枝共聚物最佳的反应条件为:6.2 g KGM溶于20 m L 75%(φ)乙醇,40℃下溶胀0.5 h,AMPSNa浓度0.43 mol/L,引发剂浓度1.71 mmol/L,反应温度50℃,反应时间2.5 h,在此条件下0.6%(w)接枝共聚物溶胶的黏度为196.93 m Pa·s;采用硼砂-有机钛复配交联剂,可使接枝共聚物溶胶的交联性能、耐温性能更好;以0.6%(w)接枝共聚物溶胶和复合交联剂(5.0%(w)硼砂+0.3%(w)有机钛)构成的压裂液的耐温耐剪切性能达到100℃。展开更多
合成葡聚糖-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,并以此为载体,选择盐酸阿霉素为模型药物,利用纳米沉淀法和双乳法构建出了载药纳米粒子,并通过透射电镜(scanning electron microscope,TEM)、动态光散射(dynamic light scattering,DLS)、紫外(UV-vis)对...合成葡聚糖-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,并以此为载体,选择盐酸阿霉素为模型药物,利用纳米沉淀法和双乳法构建出了载药纳米粒子,并通过透射电镜(scanning electron microscope,TEM)、动态光散射(dynamic light scattering,DLS)、紫外(UV-vis)对其形貌、粒径及包封率进行了表征,结果表明:不同共聚物/药物比例会影响载药纳米粒子的粒径、粒径分布及包封率.此外,载药纳米粒子的体外释放实验表明:在弱碱条件(pH=7.4)下的释放速度比在弱酸条件(pH=5.0)下的慢,说明释放介质的pH对其释放性能有较大影响,有利于药物在肿瘤细胞中的控释.展开更多
A superabsorbent resin was prepared through free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution,which used konjac glucomannan(KGM),acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as raw materials.Graft polymerization was initiated by p...A superabsorbent resin was prepared through free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution,which used konjac glucomannan(KGM),acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as raw materials.Graft polymerization was initiated by potassium persulfate(K2S2O8),with N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide(NMBA)was used as crosslinking agent .The relationships between the water absorption of the resin and the amounts of initiator,crosslinker,AA and AM as well as reaction temperature,reaction time were studied.This superabsorbent polymer was capable of absorbing distilled water up to 720 times and 0.9%NaCl solution 110 times in its saturated state at ambient temperature when the mass ratio of KGM to monomer was 1∶4,the amount of initiator was 0.35%(based on the weight of monomer),the neutralization degree of monomer was 80 %,the reaction temperature was 55～65℃,and the amount of crosslinker was 0.075%(based on the weight of monomer).Experimental results indicated that the introduction of nonionic group would be suitable for improving absorption ability and salt-resistance of the resulting hydrogels.展开更多
目的:观察葡聚糖接枝聚乳酸载吗啡缓释纳米粒胶束(MP/DEX-PLA)对急性疼痛大鼠的镇痛效应。方法:SD雄性大鼠40只,随机均分为4组,A组(空白对照组),B组(空白纳米胶束对照组),C组(普通吗啡组),D组(载吗啡纳米胶束组)。制备可生物降解的载吗...目的:观察葡聚糖接枝聚乳酸载吗啡缓释纳米粒胶束(MP/DEX-PLA)对急性疼痛大鼠的镇痛效应。方法:SD雄性大鼠40只,随机均分为4组,A组(空白对照组),B组(空白纳米胶束对照组),C组(普通吗啡组),D组(载吗啡纳米胶束组)。制备可生物降解的载吗啡葡聚糖接枝聚乳酸共聚物,皮下用药后测定急性疼痛大鼠的累计疼痛评分(CPS)和痛阈,评价药物的镇痛效果,观察其副作用。结果:MP/DEX-PLA纳米胶束呈球形,平均载药量为20.94%,平均包封率为36.27%。建模手术后,各组大鼠痛阈明显降低(P<0.05);给药后,C组和D组CPS明显低于B组,痛阈明显升高(P<0.05);C组和D组分别于给药后30 m in和2h时达到最大镇痛效应,C组镇痛持续时间明显短于D组(P<0.05),C组和D组痛阈最高值和CPS无明显差异(P>0.05),C组不良反应发生率显著高于D组(P<0.05)。结论:皮下单次给予MP/DEX-PLA可通过吗啡缓慢释放发挥持续镇痛作用,副作用小于普通吗啡。展开更多
文摘考察了一种实验室自制的魔芋葡甘聚糖季铵盐衍生物(KGM-g-DMAE-BC)的合成以及抗菌性能。正交试验优选出的最佳合成条件为:反应温度70℃,单体质量比(mKGM∶mDMAE-BC)1∶5,引发剂用量0.7 mmol/L,反应时间3 h。悬菌定量实验结果表明:KGM-g-DMAE-BC(接枝率为38.5%)对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及白色念珠菌有较强的杀菌作用,在振荡作用15 m in后,平均灭杀率分别为99.99%、94.26%和99.99%。
文摘以硝酸铈铵为引发剂、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸钠(AMPSNa)为接枝改性单体,对魔芋葡甘露聚糖(KGM)进行接枝改性。考察反应温度、引发剂用量、AMPSNa浓度等因素对KGM-g-AMPSNa接枝共聚物溶胶黏度的影响以及交联剂对接枝共聚物交联及压裂液性能的影响。采用FTIR技术对KGM-g-AMPSNa结构进行表征。实验结果表明,合成接枝共聚物最佳的反应条件为:6.2 g KGM溶于20 m L 75%(φ)乙醇,40℃下溶胀0.5 h,AMPSNa浓度0.43 mol/L,引发剂浓度1.71 mmol/L,反应温度50℃,反应时间2.5 h,在此条件下0.6%(w)接枝共聚物溶胶的黏度为196.93 m Pa·s;采用硼砂-有机钛复配交联剂,可使接枝共聚物溶胶的交联性能、耐温性能更好;以0.6%(w)接枝共聚物溶胶和复合交联剂(5.0%(w)硼砂+0.3%(w)有机钛)构成的压裂液的耐温耐剪切性能达到100℃。
文摘合成葡聚糖-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,并以此为载体,选择盐酸阿霉素为模型药物,利用纳米沉淀法和双乳法构建出了载药纳米粒子,并通过透射电镜(scanning electron microscope,TEM)、动态光散射(dynamic light scattering,DLS)、紫外(UV-vis)对其形貌、粒径及包封率进行了表征,结果表明:不同共聚物/药物比例会影响载药纳米粒子的粒径、粒径分布及包封率.此外,载药纳米粒子的体外释放实验表明:在弱碱条件(pH=7.4)下的释放速度比在弱酸条件(pH=5.0)下的慢,说明释放介质的pH对其释放性能有较大影响,有利于药物在肿瘤细胞中的控释.
文摘A superabsorbent resin was prepared through free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution,which used konjac glucomannan(KGM),acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as raw materials.Graft polymerization was initiated by potassium persulfate(K2S2O8),with N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide(NMBA)was used as crosslinking agent .The relationships between the water absorption of the resin and the amounts of initiator,crosslinker,AA and AM as well as reaction temperature,reaction time were studied.This superabsorbent polymer was capable of absorbing distilled water up to 720 times and 0.9%NaCl solution 110 times in its saturated state at ambient temperature when the mass ratio of KGM to monomer was 1∶4,the amount of initiator was 0.35%(based on the weight of monomer),the neutralization degree of monomer was 80 %,the reaction temperature was 55～65℃,and the amount of crosslinker was 0.075%(based on the weight of monomer).Experimental results indicated that the introduction of nonionic group would be suitable for improving absorption ability and salt-resistance of the resulting hydrogels.
文摘目的:观察葡聚糖接枝聚乳酸载吗啡缓释纳米粒胶束(MP/DEX-PLA)对急性疼痛大鼠的镇痛效应。方法:SD雄性大鼠40只,随机均分为4组,A组(空白对照组),B组(空白纳米胶束对照组),C组(普通吗啡组),D组(载吗啡纳米胶束组)。制备可生物降解的载吗啡葡聚糖接枝聚乳酸共聚物,皮下用药后测定急性疼痛大鼠的累计疼痛评分(CPS)和痛阈,评价药物的镇痛效果,观察其副作用。结果:MP/DEX-PLA纳米胶束呈球形,平均载药量为20.94%,平均包封率为36.27%。建模手术后,各组大鼠痛阈明显降低(P<0.05);给药后,C组和D组CPS明显低于B组,痛阈明显升高(P<0.05);C组和D组分别于给药后30 m in和2h时达到最大镇痛效应,C组镇痛持续时间明显短于D组(P<0.05),C组和D组痛阈最高值和CPS无明显差异(P>0.05),C组不良反应发生率显著高于D组(P<0.05)。结论:皮下单次给予MP/DEX-PLA可通过吗啡缓慢释放发挥持续镇痛作用,副作用小于普通吗啡。
