目的:修订中文版糖尿病问题量表(the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale,PAID),并进行信效度检验,以提高其在国内糖尿病病人特异性情绪困扰评估中的应用。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取安徽省4所医院的361例糖尿病病人完成PAID调查,其中318...目的:修订中文版糖尿病问题量表(the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale,PAID),并进行信效度检验,以提高其在国内糖尿病病人特异性情绪困扰评估中的应用。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取安徽省4所医院的361例糖尿病病人完成PAID调查,其中318例同时完成效标问卷,包括糖尿病痛苦量表(Diabetes Distress Scale,DDS)、糖尿病病人特异性生存质量量表(Diabetes Specific Quality of Life Scale,DSQL)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、9项病人健康问卷(Patient Health QuestionnairE-9,PHQ-9)。结合项目反应理论和经典测量理论对PAID的条目进行分析,形成修订版PAID,进一步对修订版工具进行内部一致性检验、验证性因子分析和效标效度检验。于基线调查4~6周后随机抽取50例病人实施PAID重测。结果:根据相应参数和指标的筛选标准,结合研究团队讨论,删除了原条目1、条目2、条目15,最终形成了包含17个条目的PAID(PAID-17),各条目难度合理,未出现逆反阈值,条目区分度、信息量及项目特征曲线表现良好。量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.913,重测信度为0.656(P<0.001)。外部数据验证性因子分析显示,PAID单维结构拟合较佳;与DDS、SAS和PHQ-9相关性分析显示,其具有良好同时效度(P<0.001);受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析结果显示,其对DSQL的预测效度最优,曲线下面积为0.812[95%CI(0.743,0.881),P<0.001]。结论:修订中文版PAID是一个可靠、有效地测量糖尿病病人特异性情绪困扰的工具,可以有效预测健康相关生活质量,其临床应用值得进一步探讨。展开更多
In this paper, a novel calibration integral equation is derived for resolving double-sided, two-probe inverse heat conduction problem of surface heat flux estimation. In contrast to the conventional inverse heat condu...In this paper, a novel calibration integral equation is derived for resolving double-sided, two-probe inverse heat conduction problem of surface heat flux estimation. In contrast to the conventional inverse heat conduction techniques, this calibration approach does not require explicit input of the probe locations, thermophysical properties of the host material and temperature sensor parameters related to thermal contact resistance, sensor capacitance and conductive lead losses. All those parameters and properties are inherently contained in the calibration framework in terms of Volterra integral equation of the first kind. The Laplace transform technique is applied and the frequency domain manipulations of the heat equation are performed for deriving the calibration integral equation. Due to the ill-posed nature, regularization is required for the inverse heat conduction problem, a future-time method or singular value decomposition (SVD) can be used for stabilizing the ill-posed Volterra integral equation of the first kind.展开更多
文摘目的:修订中文版糖尿病问题量表(the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale,PAID),并进行信效度检验,以提高其在国内糖尿病病人特异性情绪困扰评估中的应用。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取安徽省4所医院的361例糖尿病病人完成PAID调查,其中318例同时完成效标问卷,包括糖尿病痛苦量表(Diabetes Distress Scale,DDS)、糖尿病病人特异性生存质量量表(Diabetes Specific Quality of Life Scale,DSQL)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、9项病人健康问卷(Patient Health QuestionnairE-9,PHQ-9)。结合项目反应理论和经典测量理论对PAID的条目进行分析,形成修订版PAID,进一步对修订版工具进行内部一致性检验、验证性因子分析和效标效度检验。于基线调查4~6周后随机抽取50例病人实施PAID重测。结果:根据相应参数和指标的筛选标准,结合研究团队讨论,删除了原条目1、条目2、条目15,最终形成了包含17个条目的PAID(PAID-17),各条目难度合理,未出现逆反阈值,条目区分度、信息量及项目特征曲线表现良好。量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.913,重测信度为0.656(P<0.001)。外部数据验证性因子分析显示,PAID单维结构拟合较佳;与DDS、SAS和PHQ-9相关性分析显示,其具有良好同时效度(P<0.001);受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析结果显示,其对DSQL的预测效度最优,曲线下面积为0.812[95%CI(0.743,0.881),P<0.001]。结论:修订中文版PAID是一个可靠、有效地测量糖尿病病人特异性情绪困扰的工具,可以有效预测健康相关生活质量,其临床应用值得进一步探讨。
文摘In this paper, a novel calibration integral equation is derived for resolving double-sided, two-probe inverse heat conduction problem of surface heat flux estimation. In contrast to the conventional inverse heat conduction techniques, this calibration approach does not require explicit input of the probe locations, thermophysical properties of the host material and temperature sensor parameters related to thermal contact resistance, sensor capacitance and conductive lead losses. All those parameters and properties are inherently contained in the calibration framework in terms of Volterra integral equation of the first kind. The Laplace transform technique is applied and the frequency domain manipulations of the heat equation are performed for deriving the calibration integral equation. Due to the ill-posed nature, regularization is required for the inverse heat conduction problem, a future-time method or singular value decomposition (SVD) can be used for stabilizing the ill-posed Volterra integral equation of the first kind.
