钠离子电池因储量丰富、成本低廉而成为可替代锂离子电池的储能设备之一,尤其是在大规模储能领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。然而,类似锂离子电池,以可燃的液态电解质作为离子传输媒介的钠离子电池也不可避免地面临着安全性的挑战。固态...钠离子电池因储量丰富、成本低廉而成为可替代锂离子电池的储能设备之一,尤其是在大规模储能领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。然而,类似锂离子电池,以可燃的液态电解质作为离子传输媒介的钠离子电池也不可避免地面临着安全性的挑战。固态电解质的使用不仅可以大幅提升电池系统的安全性,与金属负极匹配更能进一步实现电池能量密度同步提升。在各类固态电解质中,无机固态电解质以高离子电导率和离子迁移数、高力学性能及稳定性等诸多优势而备受瞩目。尽管如此,在全固态钠电池的实际应用中,不同类型的无机固态电解质材料仍面临离子电导率低、化学与电化学稳定性差等不同困境。因此,无机固态电解质材料的研究和开发是实现固态钠电池应用的必经之路。本文介绍了离子在固体中的迁移机制,并综述了氧化物、硫化物以及络合氢化物钠离子固态电解质的研究进展,重点强调不同结构电解质离子电导率的提升策略和提高化学及电化学稳定性的方法,包括通过离子掺杂提升离子电导率,调控晶界处化学组分或利用低熔点添加剂降低钠的快离子导体(natrium super ionic conductor,NASICON)型电解质的晶界电阻,解决硫化物型电解质的空气敏感问题,开发新型硫化物超离子导体,降低络合氢化物的有序-无序相变温度同时提高室温离子电导率等。最后对固态电解质面临的关键挑战和未来发展趋势进行总结和展望。展开更多
All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using ceramic electrolytes are considered the ideal form of rechargeable batteries due to their high energy density and safety.However,in the pursuit of all-solid-state LIBs,...All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using ceramic electrolytes are considered the ideal form of rechargeable batteries due to their high energy density and safety.However,in the pursuit of all-solid-state LIBs,the issue of lithium resource availability is selectively overlooked.Considering that the amount of lithium required for all-solidstate LIBs is not sustainable with current lithium resources,another system that also offers the dual advantages of high energy density and safetydall-solid-state sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)dholds significant sustainable advantages and is likely to be the strong contender in the competition for developing next-generation high-energy-density batteries.This article briefly introduces the research status of all-solid-state SIBs,explains the sources of their advantages,and discusses potential approaches to the development of solid sodium-ion conductors,aiming to spark the interest of researchers and attract more attention to the field of all-solid-state SIBs.展开更多
文摘钠离子电池因储量丰富、成本低廉而成为可替代锂离子电池的储能设备之一,尤其是在大规模储能领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。然而,类似锂离子电池,以可燃的液态电解质作为离子传输媒介的钠离子电池也不可避免地面临着安全性的挑战。固态电解质的使用不仅可以大幅提升电池系统的安全性,与金属负极匹配更能进一步实现电池能量密度同步提升。在各类固态电解质中,无机固态电解质以高离子电导率和离子迁移数、高力学性能及稳定性等诸多优势而备受瞩目。尽管如此,在全固态钠电池的实际应用中,不同类型的无机固态电解质材料仍面临离子电导率低、化学与电化学稳定性差等不同困境。因此,无机固态电解质材料的研究和开发是实现固态钠电池应用的必经之路。本文介绍了离子在固体中的迁移机制,并综述了氧化物、硫化物以及络合氢化物钠离子固态电解质的研究进展,重点强调不同结构电解质离子电导率的提升策略和提高化学及电化学稳定性的方法,包括通过离子掺杂提升离子电导率,调控晶界处化学组分或利用低熔点添加剂降低钠的快离子导体(natrium super ionic conductor,NASICON)型电解质的晶界电阻,解决硫化物型电解质的空气敏感问题,开发新型硫化物超离子导体,降低络合氢化物的有序-无序相变温度同时提高室温离子电导率等。最后对固态电解质面临的关键挑战和未来发展趋势进行总结和展望。
基金the support of the Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow.
文摘All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)using ceramic electrolytes are considered the ideal form of rechargeable batteries due to their high energy density and safety.However,in the pursuit of all-solid-state LIBs,the issue of lithium resource availability is selectively overlooked.Considering that the amount of lithium required for all-solidstate LIBs is not sustainable with current lithium resources,another system that also offers the dual advantages of high energy density and safetydall-solid-state sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)dholds significant sustainable advantages and is likely to be the strong contender in the competition for developing next-generation high-energy-density batteries.This article briefly introduces the research status of all-solid-state SIBs,explains the sources of their advantages,and discusses potential approaches to the development of solid sodium-ion conductors,aiming to spark the interest of researchers and attract more attention to the field of all-solid-state SIBs.
