相对于土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)空间变异性及合理采样点数量的研究,其时间变异性及揭示特定时段SOC变化所需采样点数量的研究较少。选择红壤丘陵区的江西省余江县为研究区,分析了1982—2007年SOC含量的时间变异特征,并估算...相对于土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)空间变异性及合理采样点数量的研究,其时间变异性及揭示特定时段SOC变化所需采样点数量的研究较少。选择红壤丘陵区的江西省余江县为研究区,分析了1982—2007年SOC含量的时间变异特征,并估算了揭示该时段SOC变化所需土壤采样点数量。结果表明,1982—2007年SOC含量均值由14.18增至16.27 g kg-1,增幅为14.74%,其变异系数则由0.22上升为0.44。各土地利用方式中,水田和林地SOC含量分别增加了2.93和3.12g kg-1,而旱地则降低了2.55 g kg-1;同时各利用方式的SOC含量变异系数均出现较大幅度的提高。基于两时段的全部样点,在95%和90%置信区间上,计算得到揭示该时段全县SOC时间变异所需的采样点数量分别为186和147。基于各土地利用方式的SOC变化,计算得到水田、旱地和林地所需采样点数量分别为68、44和144(95%置信区间)及54、34和112(90%置信区间);揭示旱地SOC变化所需采样点数量应为水田的60%以上,而林地所需样点则为水田的2倍以上。该研究结果可为红壤区SOC时间变异性及其调查采样提供参考。展开更多
The problem of guaranteed cost control for the networked control systems(NCSs) with time-varying delays, time-varying sampling intervals and signals quantization was investigated, wherein the physical plant was contin...The problem of guaranteed cost control for the networked control systems(NCSs) with time-varying delays, time-varying sampling intervals and signals quantization was investigated, wherein the physical plant was continuous-time one, and the control input was discrete-time one. By using an input delay approach and a sector bound method, the network induced delays, quantization parameter and sampling intervals were presented in one framework in the case of the state and the control input by quantized in a logarithmic form. A novel Lyapunov function with discontinuity, which took full advantages of the NCS characteristic information, was exploited. In addition, it was shown that Lyapunov function decreased at the jump instants. Furthermore, the Leibniz-Newton formula and free-weighting matrix methods were used to obtain the guaranteed cost controller design conditions which were dependent on the NCS characteristic information. A numerical example was used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.展开更多
文摘相对于土壤有机碳(soil organic carbon,SOC)空间变异性及合理采样点数量的研究,其时间变异性及揭示特定时段SOC变化所需采样点数量的研究较少。选择红壤丘陵区的江西省余江县为研究区,分析了1982—2007年SOC含量的时间变异特征,并估算了揭示该时段SOC变化所需土壤采样点数量。结果表明,1982—2007年SOC含量均值由14.18增至16.27 g kg-1,增幅为14.74%,其变异系数则由0.22上升为0.44。各土地利用方式中,水田和林地SOC含量分别增加了2.93和3.12g kg-1,而旱地则降低了2.55 g kg-1;同时各利用方式的SOC含量变异系数均出现较大幅度的提高。基于两时段的全部样点,在95%和90%置信区间上,计算得到揭示该时段全县SOC时间变异所需的采样点数量分别为186和147。基于各土地利用方式的SOC变化,计算得到水田、旱地和林地所需采样点数量分别为68、44和144(95%置信区间)及54、34和112(90%置信区间);揭示旱地SOC变化所需采样点数量应为水田的60%以上,而林地所需样点则为水田的2倍以上。该研究结果可为红壤区SOC时间变异性及其调查采样提供参考。
基金Project(61104106) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(201202156) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,ChinaProject(LJQ2012100) supported by Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University(LNET)
文摘The problem of guaranteed cost control for the networked control systems(NCSs) with time-varying delays, time-varying sampling intervals and signals quantization was investigated, wherein the physical plant was continuous-time one, and the control input was discrete-time one. By using an input delay approach and a sector bound method, the network induced delays, quantization parameter and sampling intervals were presented in one framework in the case of the state and the control input by quantized in a logarithmic form. A novel Lyapunov function with discontinuity, which took full advantages of the NCS characteristic information, was exploited. In addition, it was shown that Lyapunov function decreased at the jump instants. Furthermore, the Leibniz-Newton formula and free-weighting matrix methods were used to obtain the guaranteed cost controller design conditions which were dependent on the NCS characteristic information. A numerical example was used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
