分布式交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)是求解大规模机器学习问题使用最广泛的方法之一。现有大多数分布式ADMM算法都基于完整的模型更新。随着系统规模及数据量的不断增长,节点间的通信开销逐渐成...分布式交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)是求解大规模机器学习问题使用最广泛的方法之一。现有大多数分布式ADMM算法都基于完整的模型更新。随着系统规模及数据量的不断增长,节点间的通信开销逐渐成为限制分布式ADMM算法发展的瓶颈。为了减少节点间通信开销,提出了一种通信高效的通用一致性异步分布式ADMM算法(General Form Consensus Asynchronous Distributed ADMM,GFC-ADADMM),该算法通过分析高维稀疏数据集的特性,节点间利用关联模型参数代替完整模型参数进行通信,并对模型参数进行过滤以进一步减少节点间传输负载。同时结合过时同步并行(Stale Synchronous Parallel,SSP)计算模型、allreude通信模型及混合编程模型的优势,利用异步allreduce框架并基于MPI/OpenMP混合编程模型实现GFC-ADADMM算法,提高算法计算与通信效率。文中利用GFC-ADADMM算法求解稀疏logistic回归问题,实验测试表明,与现有分布式ADMM算法相比,GFC-ADADMM算法可减少15%~63%的总运行时间,且算法收敛时可达到更高的准确率。展开更多
液压机的静刚度是保证其工作性能的重要指标。文中针对具备移动回转压头的无拉杆的组合龙门框架式压机进行研究。以THP34Y-1000G和S-THP34Y-1500作为样机,利用美国FARO公司生产的Laser Tracker X V2激光跟踪仪和瑞士Leica AT901-LR绝对...液压机的静刚度是保证其工作性能的重要指标。文中针对具备移动回转压头的无拉杆的组合龙门框架式压机进行研究。以THP34Y-1000G和S-THP34Y-1500作为样机,利用美国FARO公司生产的Laser Tracker X V2激光跟踪仪和瑞士Leica AT901-LR绝对跟踪仪对其分别进行静刚度的实验检测。建立空间坐标-载荷-变形的数学模型,利用1stOpt软件基于麦夸特法(Levenberg-Marquardt)和通用全局优化法对实验数据进行多元非线性回归方程拟合,得到并验证了该类型液压机上下横梁在不同载荷下通用的变形方程模型,为液压机结构的设计、刚度检测等提供借鉴。展开更多
A systematic and generic procedure for the determination of the reasonable finished state of self-anchored suspension bridges is proposed, the realization of which is mainly through adjustment of the hanger tensions. ...A systematic and generic procedure for the determination of the reasonable finished state of self-anchored suspension bridges is proposed, the realization of which is mainly through adjustment of the hanger tensions. The initial hanger tensions are first obtained through an iterative analysis by combining the girder-tower-only finite element(FE) model with the analytical program for shape finding of the spatial cable system. These initial hanger tensions, together with the corresponding cable coordinates and internal forces, are then included into the FE model of the total bridge system, the nonlinear analysis of which involves the optimization technique. Calculations are repeated until the optimization algorithm converges to the most optimal hanger tensions(i.e. the desired reasonable finished bridge state). The "temperature rigid arm" is introduced to offset the unavoidable initial deformations of the girder and tower, which are due to the huge axial forces originated from the main cable. Moreover, by changing the stiffness coefficient K in the girder-tower-only FE model, the stiffness proportion of the main girder, the tower or the cable subsystem in the whole structural system could be adjusted according to the design intentions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined and demonstrated by one simple tutorial example and one self-anchored suspension bridge.展开更多
Bicycle-sharing system is considered as a green option to provide a better connection between scenic spots and nearby metro/bus stations. Allocating and optimizing the layout of bicycle-sharing system inside the sceni...Bicycle-sharing system is considered as a green option to provide a better connection between scenic spots and nearby metro/bus stations. Allocating and optimizing the layout of bicycle-sharing system inside the scenic spot and around its influencing area are focused on. It is found that the terrain, land use, nearby transport network and scenery point distribution have significant impact on the allocation of bicycle-sharing system. While the candidate bicycle-sharing stations installed at the inner scenic points, entrances/exits and metro stations are fixed, the ones installed at bus-stations and other passenger concentration buildings are adjustable. Aiming at minimizing the total cycling distance and overlapping rate, an optimization model is proposed and solved based on the idea of cluster concept and greedy heuristic. A revealed preference/stated preference （RP/SP） combined survey was conducted at Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing, China, to get an insight into the touring trip characteristics and bicycle-sharing tendency. The results reveal that 39.81% visitors accept a cycling distance of 1-3 km and 62.50% respondents think that the bicycle-sharing system should charge an appropriate fee. The sttrvey indicates that there is high possibility to carry out a bicycle-sharing system at Xuanwu Lake. Optimizing the allocation problem cluster by cluster rather than using an exhaustive search method significantly reduces the computing amount from O（2^43） to O（43 2）. The 500 m-radius-coverage rate for the alternative optimized by 500 m-radius-cluster and 800 m-radius-cluster is 89.2% and 68.5%, respectively. The final layout scheme will provide decision makers engineering guidelines and theoretical support.展开更多
文摘分布式交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)是求解大规模机器学习问题使用最广泛的方法之一。现有大多数分布式ADMM算法都基于完整的模型更新。随着系统规模及数据量的不断增长,节点间的通信开销逐渐成为限制分布式ADMM算法发展的瓶颈。为了减少节点间通信开销,提出了一种通信高效的通用一致性异步分布式ADMM算法(General Form Consensus Asynchronous Distributed ADMM,GFC-ADADMM),该算法通过分析高维稀疏数据集的特性,节点间利用关联模型参数代替完整模型参数进行通信,并对模型参数进行过滤以进一步减少节点间传输负载。同时结合过时同步并行(Stale Synchronous Parallel,SSP)计算模型、allreude通信模型及混合编程模型的优势,利用异步allreduce框架并基于MPI/OpenMP混合编程模型实现GFC-ADADMM算法,提高算法计算与通信效率。文中利用GFC-ADADMM算法求解稀疏logistic回归问题,实验测试表明,与现有分布式ADMM算法相比,GFC-ADADMM算法可减少15%~63%的总运行时间,且算法收敛时可达到更高的准确率。
文摘液压机的静刚度是保证其工作性能的重要指标。文中针对具备移动回转压头的无拉杆的组合龙门框架式压机进行研究。以THP34Y-1000G和S-THP34Y-1500作为样机,利用美国FARO公司生产的Laser Tracker X V2激光跟踪仪和瑞士Leica AT901-LR绝对跟踪仪对其分别进行静刚度的实验检测。建立空间坐标-载荷-变形的数学模型,利用1stOpt软件基于麦夸特法(Levenberg-Marquardt)和通用全局优化法对实验数据进行多元非线性回归方程拟合,得到并验证了该类型液压机上下横梁在不同载荷下通用的变形方程模型,为液压机结构的设计、刚度检测等提供借鉴。
基金Project(20133204120015) supported by Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProject(12KJB560003) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institution of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘A systematic and generic procedure for the determination of the reasonable finished state of self-anchored suspension bridges is proposed, the realization of which is mainly through adjustment of the hanger tensions. The initial hanger tensions are first obtained through an iterative analysis by combining the girder-tower-only finite element(FE) model with the analytical program for shape finding of the spatial cable system. These initial hanger tensions, together with the corresponding cable coordinates and internal forces, are then included into the FE model of the total bridge system, the nonlinear analysis of which involves the optimization technique. Calculations are repeated until the optimization algorithm converges to the most optimal hanger tensions(i.e. the desired reasonable finished bridge state). The "temperature rigid arm" is introduced to offset the unavoidable initial deformations of the girder and tower, which are due to the huge axial forces originated from the main cable. Moreover, by changing the stiffness coefficient K in the girder-tower-only FE model, the stiffness proportion of the main girder, the tower or the cable subsystem in the whole structural system could be adjusted according to the design intentions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined and demonstrated by one simple tutorial example and one self-anchored suspension bridge.
基金Project(51208261)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(12YJCZH062)supported by the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science of ChinaProject(30920140132033)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Bicycle-sharing system is considered as a green option to provide a better connection between scenic spots and nearby metro/bus stations. Allocating and optimizing the layout of bicycle-sharing system inside the scenic spot and around its influencing area are focused on. It is found that the terrain, land use, nearby transport network and scenery point distribution have significant impact on the allocation of bicycle-sharing system. While the candidate bicycle-sharing stations installed at the inner scenic points, entrances/exits and metro stations are fixed, the ones installed at bus-stations and other passenger concentration buildings are adjustable. Aiming at minimizing the total cycling distance and overlapping rate, an optimization model is proposed and solved based on the idea of cluster concept and greedy heuristic. A revealed preference/stated preference （RP/SP） combined survey was conducted at Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing, China, to get an insight into the touring trip characteristics and bicycle-sharing tendency. The results reveal that 39.81% visitors accept a cycling distance of 1-3 km and 62.50% respondents think that the bicycle-sharing system should charge an appropriate fee. The sttrvey indicates that there is high possibility to carry out a bicycle-sharing system at Xuanwu Lake. Optimizing the allocation problem cluster by cluster rather than using an exhaustive search method significantly reduces the computing amount from O（2^43） to O（43 2）. The 500 m-radius-coverage rate for the alternative optimized by 500 m-radius-cluster and 800 m-radius-cluster is 89.2% and 68.5%, respectively. The final layout scheme will provide decision makers engineering guidelines and theoretical support.
