修改后的《中华人民共和国专利法》(以下简称《专利法》)自2021年6月1日起施行,其正式引入了惩罚性赔偿制度。在专利惩罚性赔偿制度建立之后,当下的重点应是在民法典和专利法确定的框架内解决司法适用中的进阶性问题,并在法教义解释中...修改后的《中华人民共和国专利法》(以下简称《专利法》)自2021年6月1日起施行,其正式引入了惩罚性赔偿制度。在专利惩罚性赔偿制度建立之后,当下的重点应是在民法典和专利法确定的框架内解决司法适用中的进阶性问题,并在法教义解释中推动制度落地。基于域内外双向视角,运用多种法律方法释明以“故意”为表征的主观要件并细化以“情节严重”为要义的行为要件,分析比较基数计算的不同方法、倍数确定的实践要素以及惩罚性赔偿与法定赔偿的适用关系。分析发现,基于利益衡量考量应将主观状态限定为“故意”并作出合理解释,发挥FTO(Free to Operate,专利自由实施分析)的作用以限制“故意”的适用范围。同时,在区分认定要素和赔偿要素的前提下对“情节严重”作出整体判断。在计算基数时合理考虑“差额利润法”的适用空间,在倍数确定时主客观双向考量实践因素,并将法定赔偿定位为纯粹的补偿性赔偿。解释论路径下构成要件的适用控制应当秉持积极审慎的司法原则,适时调适司法实践与专利政策的互动关系,实现要件之间的功能分隔与适法统一。展开更多
Adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control possesses control performance better than the traditional adaptive fuzzy control.However,heavy computation burden obviously blocks the utilization of adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control in indu...Adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control possesses control performance better than the traditional adaptive fuzzy control.However,heavy computation burden obviously blocks the utilization of adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control in industrial application.By adopting novel piecewise fuzzy sets and center-average type-reduction,a simplified adaptive interval Type-2 fuzzy controller involving less computation is developed for practical industrial application.In the proposed controller,the inputs are divided into several subintervals and then two piecewise fuzzy sets are used for each subinterval.With the manner of piecewise fuzzy sets and a novel fuzzy rules inference engine,only part of fuzzy rules are simultaneously activated in one control loop,which exponentially decreases the computation and makes the controller appropriate in industrial application.The simulation and experimental study,involving the popular magnetic levitation platform,shows the predicted system with theoretical stability and good tracking performance.The analysis indicates that there is far less computation of the proposed controller than the traditional adaptive interval Type-2 fuzzy controller,especially when the number of fuzzy rules and fuzzy sets is large,and the controller still maintains good control performance as the traditional one.展开更多
文摘修改后的《中华人民共和国专利法》(以下简称《专利法》)自2021年6月1日起施行,其正式引入了惩罚性赔偿制度。在专利惩罚性赔偿制度建立之后,当下的重点应是在民法典和专利法确定的框架内解决司法适用中的进阶性问题,并在法教义解释中推动制度落地。基于域内外双向视角,运用多种法律方法释明以“故意”为表征的主观要件并细化以“情节严重”为要义的行为要件,分析比较基数计算的不同方法、倍数确定的实践要素以及惩罚性赔偿与法定赔偿的适用关系。分析发现,基于利益衡量考量应将主观状态限定为“故意”并作出合理解释,发挥FTO(Free to Operate,专利自由实施分析)的作用以限制“故意”的适用范围。同时,在区分认定要素和赔偿要素的前提下对“情节严重”作出整体判断。在计算基数时合理考虑“差额利润法”的适用空间,在倍数确定时主客观双向考量实践因素,并将法定赔偿定位为纯粹的补偿性赔偿。解释论路径下构成要件的适用控制应当秉持积极审慎的司法原则,适时调适司法实践与专利政策的互动关系,实现要件之间的功能分隔与适法统一。
基金Project(51005253) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012ZX02702006-003) supported by the National Science and Technology Major Program of ChinaProject(JMTZ201101) supported by the Key Laboratory for Precision & Non-traditional Machining of Ministry of Education,Dalian University of Technology,China
文摘Adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control possesses control performance better than the traditional adaptive fuzzy control.However,heavy computation burden obviously blocks the utilization of adaptive Type-2 fuzzy control in industrial application.By adopting novel piecewise fuzzy sets and center-average type-reduction,a simplified adaptive interval Type-2 fuzzy controller involving less computation is developed for practical industrial application.In the proposed controller,the inputs are divided into several subintervals and then two piecewise fuzzy sets are used for each subinterval.With the manner of piecewise fuzzy sets and a novel fuzzy rules inference engine,only part of fuzzy rules are simultaneously activated in one control loop,which exponentially decreases the computation and makes the controller appropriate in industrial application.The simulation and experimental study,involving the popular magnetic levitation platform,shows the predicted system with theoretical stability and good tracking performance.The analysis indicates that there is far less computation of the proposed controller than the traditional adaptive interval Type-2 fuzzy controller,especially when the number of fuzzy rules and fuzzy sets is large,and the controller still maintains good control performance as the traditional one.
