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我国城乡居民肉类消费的碳排放特征分析——基于过程生命周期理论 被引量:5
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作者 王益文 胡浩 《安徽农业科学》 CAS 2014年第13期4125-4128,4132,共5页
基于过程生命周期理论,将肉类消费分解为生产、运输和消费3个阶段,量化了2000~2010年城乡居民肉类消费生命周期的碳排放,并分析其潜在影响因素.结果表明:①城乡居民肉类生命周期碳排总量呈现增长趋势,且城镇居民大于农村居民.肉类生... 基于过程生命周期理论,将肉类消费分解为生产、运输和消费3个阶段,量化了2000~2010年城乡居民肉类消费生命周期的碳排放,并分析其潜在影响因素.结果表明:①城乡居民肉类生命周期碳排总量呈现增长趋势,且城镇居民大于农村居民.肉类生产阶段碳排放量占全生命周期比重最大,运输阶段碳排量增长迅速,消费阶段排放较少;②肉类消费总量和消费结构变化、农村生活能源利用结构不合理以及高耗能低效率的肉类物流现状均是造成我国居民肉类生命周期温室气体排放增长的主要原因;③加强饲养环节的技术革新、建立节能环保畜产品运输流通模式、提倡地产地销以及优化农村地区生活能源利用结构是现阶段肉类消费生命周期各阶段减排的有效措施. 展开更多
关键词 过程生命周期法 肉类消费 碳排放量
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Degradation process assessment of prestressed concrete continuous bridges in life-cycle
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作者 田浩 李国平 陈艾荣 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第5期1411-1418,共8页
To accurately evaluate the degradation process of prestressed concrete continuous bridges exposed to aggressive environments in life-cycle,a finite element-based approach with respect to the lifetime performance asses... To accurately evaluate the degradation process of prestressed concrete continuous bridges exposed to aggressive environments in life-cycle,a finite element-based approach with respect to the lifetime performance assessment of concrete bridges was proposed.The existing assessment methods were firstly introduced and compared.Some essential mechanics problems involved in the degradation process,such as the deterioration of materials properties,the reduction of sectional areas and the variation of overall structural performance caused by the first two problems,were investigated and solved.A computer program named CBDAS(Concrete Bridge Durability Analysis System) was written to perform the above-metioned approach.Finally,the degradation process of a prestressed concrete continuous bridge under chloride penetration was discussed.The results show that the concrete normal stress for serviceability limit state exceeds the threshold value after 60 a,but the various performance indicators at ultimate limit state are consistently in the allowable level during service life.Therefore,in the case of prestressed concrete bridges,the serviceability limit state is more possible to have durability problems in life-cycle;however,the performance indicators at ultimate limit state can satisfy the requirements. 展开更多
关键词 prestressed concrete continuous bridges LIFE-CYCLE degradation process finite element chloride penetration serviceability limit state ultimate limit state
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