下丘脑是参与进食调控的重要脑区,具有复杂的环路调控机制。然而,是否存在下丘脑以外同样发挥体重调节功能的神经核团尚不清楚。本试验利用神经环路示踪技术,鉴定向背肩胛棕色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue, IBAT)发送...下丘脑是参与进食调控的重要脑区,具有复杂的环路调控机制。然而,是否存在下丘脑以外同样发挥体重调节功能的神经核团尚不清楚。本试验利用神经环路示踪技术,鉴定向背肩胛棕色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue, IBAT)发送神经元投射的神经元类型和分布,探究中枢神经元及神经环路调节能量稳态的形态学基础。首先通过报告基因和逆行示踪识别囊泡型谷氨酸转运体2(vesicular glutamate transporter 2, VGlut2)和细胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinase, ERK)神经元,顺行示踪试验拓展VGlut2神经元发送神经支配的大脑区域。化学遗传技术验证VGlut2免疫阳性神经元的体重和采食调控作用。结果显示:LC^(VGlut2::ERK)神经元向IBAT发送密集的神经支配信号。ERK免疫阳性神经元富集表达在LC,可作为LC特异性标记物。LC^(VGlut2)神经元向纹状体(neurons project to the striatum, CPu)、第二运动皮层(secondary motor cortex, M2)、下丘脑腹内侧核(ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, VMH)和迷走神经背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, DMV)发送神经元投射。化学遗传激活LC^(VGlut2)神经元显著降低小鼠体重(P=0.016 5)和采食(P=0.029 0)。综上,LC^(VGlut2)神经元参与小鼠的体重调节过程。鉴定除下丘脑室旁核(paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus, PVN)以外的谷氨酸能神经元及调节体重的下游神经环路,将进一步加深对于摄食行为和摄食过程中神经调控机制的了解,为研究和干预肥胖相关的疾病提供新思路。展开更多
为探讨帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠外侧缰核(LHb)中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动变化及其对5-羟色胺2C(5-HT_(2C))受体刺激的反应,阐明LHb和5-HT_(2C)受体在PD神经生物学机制中发挥的作用,通过6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)损毁单侧黑质致密部(substantia nig...为探讨帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠外侧缰核(LHb)中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动变化及其对5-羟色胺2C(5-HT_(2C))受体刺激的反应,阐明LHb和5-HT_(2C)受体在PD神经生物学机制中发挥的作用,通过6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)损毁单侧黑质致密部(substantia nigra pars compacta,SNc)建立PD模型,采用细胞外记录的方法,观察假手术组与单侧SNc损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动。结果显示:与假手术组大鼠相比,损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动增强,表现为爆发式放电活动增强(P<0.05);LHb中局部注射5-HT_(2C)受体激动剂Ro60-0175后,两组大鼠的神经元放电频率虽均升高(P<0.05),但损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元放电频率升高持续时间显著长于假手术组,且给药前后神经元的放电形式更趋向于爆发式活动(P<0.05),变异系数明显升高(P<0.05)。结果提示单侧SNc损毁使LHb中谷氨酸能神经元爆发式电活动增强,可能与PD相关抑郁行为发生有关,5-HT_(2C)受体参与了对LHb中谷氨酸能神经元电活动的调节。展开更多
Objective:To anatomically and phenotypically characterize the insular cortex(IC)-nucleus tractus soli-tari(NTS)neural pathway.Methods:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental cohorts for neu...Objective:To anatomically and phenotypically characterize the insular cortex(IC)-nucleus tractus soli-tari(NTS)neural pathway.Methods:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental cohorts for neural circuit tracing.Anterograde labeling was achieved by injecting anterograde self-complementary adeno-associated viruses(scAAVs)into the IC.Retrograde tracing involved NTS injections of either retrograde scAAVs or FluoroGold(FG),combined with immunofluorescence histochemical staining to identify IC-originating projection neurons.For postsynaptic neurochemical phenotype characterization,IC was injected with AAV2/1-CaMKII-Cre,while a mixture of AAV2/9-Syn-DIO-mCherry and AAV2/9-VGAT1-EGFP was injected into the NTS.The rats were allowed to survive for one week following scAAVs or FG injection or four weeks after recombinase-dependent systems injection.Then the rats were sacrificed,and serial brain sections were prepared for immunofluorescence histochemical staining(brain section containing FG)and subsequent fluorescence/confocal microscopic analysis.Results:(1)Anterograde viral tracing re-vealed dense axonal terminals from the IC projecting to the medial subnucleus of the NTS,while retrograde tracing re-vealed that IC neurons projecting to the NTS were predominantly localized within the dysgranular layer;(2)IC-NTS projection neurons were exclusive glutamatergic(100%,n=3);(3)NTS neurons receiving IC inputs were mainly lo-calized in the medial subnucleus,and were predominantly GABAergic(79.8±3.2%,n=3).Conclusion:The pres-ent results indicate that a descending pathway from excitatory neurons of the IC terminates onto inhibitory neurons of the NTS,which might represent a potential neuromodulatory target for visceral pain disorders.展开更多
文摘下丘脑是参与进食调控的重要脑区,具有复杂的环路调控机制。然而,是否存在下丘脑以外同样发挥体重调节功能的神经核团尚不清楚。本试验利用神经环路示踪技术,鉴定向背肩胛棕色脂肪组织(interscapular brown adipose tissue, IBAT)发送神经元投射的神经元类型和分布,探究中枢神经元及神经环路调节能量稳态的形态学基础。首先通过报告基因和逆行示踪识别囊泡型谷氨酸转运体2(vesicular glutamate transporter 2, VGlut2)和细胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinase, ERK)神经元,顺行示踪试验拓展VGlut2神经元发送神经支配的大脑区域。化学遗传技术验证VGlut2免疫阳性神经元的体重和采食调控作用。结果显示:LC^(VGlut2::ERK)神经元向IBAT发送密集的神经支配信号。ERK免疫阳性神经元富集表达在LC,可作为LC特异性标记物。LC^(VGlut2)神经元向纹状体(neurons project to the striatum, CPu)、第二运动皮层(secondary motor cortex, M2)、下丘脑腹内侧核(ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, VMH)和迷走神经背核(dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, DMV)发送神经元投射。化学遗传激活LC^(VGlut2)神经元显著降低小鼠体重(P=0.016 5)和采食(P=0.029 0)。综上,LC^(VGlut2)神经元参与小鼠的体重调节过程。鉴定除下丘脑室旁核(paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus, PVN)以外的谷氨酸能神经元及调节体重的下游神经环路,将进一步加深对于摄食行为和摄食过程中神经调控机制的了解,为研究和干预肥胖相关的疾病提供新思路。
文摘为探讨帕金森病(PD)模型大鼠外侧缰核(LHb)中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动变化及其对5-羟色胺2C(5-HT_(2C))受体刺激的反应,阐明LHb和5-HT_(2C)受体在PD神经生物学机制中发挥的作用,通过6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)损毁单侧黑质致密部(substantia nigra pars compacta,SNc)建立PD模型,采用细胞外记录的方法,观察假手术组与单侧SNc损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动。结果显示:与假手术组大鼠相比,损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元的电活动增强,表现为爆发式放电活动增强(P<0.05);LHb中局部注射5-HT_(2C)受体激动剂Ro60-0175后,两组大鼠的神经元放电频率虽均升高(P<0.05),但损毁组大鼠LHb中谷氨酸能神经元放电频率升高持续时间显著长于假手术组,且给药前后神经元的放电形式更趋向于爆发式活动(P<0.05),变异系数明显升高(P<0.05)。结果提示单侧SNc损毁使LHb中谷氨酸能神经元爆发式电活动增强,可能与PD相关抑郁行为发生有关,5-HT_(2C)受体参与了对LHb中谷氨酸能神经元电活动的调节。
文摘Objective:To anatomically and phenotypically characterize the insular cortex(IC)-nucleus tractus soli-tari(NTS)neural pathway.Methods:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental cohorts for neural circuit tracing.Anterograde labeling was achieved by injecting anterograde self-complementary adeno-associated viruses(scAAVs)into the IC.Retrograde tracing involved NTS injections of either retrograde scAAVs or FluoroGold(FG),combined with immunofluorescence histochemical staining to identify IC-originating projection neurons.For postsynaptic neurochemical phenotype characterization,IC was injected with AAV2/1-CaMKII-Cre,while a mixture of AAV2/9-Syn-DIO-mCherry and AAV2/9-VGAT1-EGFP was injected into the NTS.The rats were allowed to survive for one week following scAAVs or FG injection or four weeks after recombinase-dependent systems injection.Then the rats were sacrificed,and serial brain sections were prepared for immunofluorescence histochemical staining(brain section containing FG)and subsequent fluorescence/confocal microscopic analysis.Results:(1)Anterograde viral tracing re-vealed dense axonal terminals from the IC projecting to the medial subnucleus of the NTS,while retrograde tracing re-vealed that IC neurons projecting to the NTS were predominantly localized within the dysgranular layer;(2)IC-NTS projection neurons were exclusive glutamatergic(100%,n=3);(3)NTS neurons receiving IC inputs were mainly lo-calized in the medial subnucleus,and were predominantly GABAergic(79.8±3.2%,n=3).Conclusion:The pres-ent results indicate that a descending pathway from excitatory neurons of the IC terminates onto inhibitory neurons of the NTS,which might represent a potential neuromodulatory target for visceral pain disorders.
