In order to obtain the determining method of the installing angle and decrease the performance indices (cutting force and wearing rate) of the pick, the relationships among the installing angles (impact angle, inclina...In order to obtain the determining method of the installing angle and decrease the performance indices (cutting force and wearing rate) of the pick, the relationships among the installing angles (impact angle, inclination angle and the skew angle) were studied, and the static model of installing angles of the pick was built. The relationships among the impact angle, the tip angle of pick and the kinematics parameters of the pick were built, too. Moreover, the mechanic models of the maximum clearance angle and the wearing angle of the pick were set up. To research the relationships of the installing angles and the change law of the wearing angle along with the kinematics parameters, the simulation was done. In order to verify the correctness of the models, the cutting experiments were done by employing two picks with different pick tip angles. The results indicate that, the cutting force is the smallest when the direction of the resultant force of pick follows its axis, and the relationship derived among the installing angles should be satisfied. In addition, to decrease the cutting force and the wearing of the pick, the tip angle of pick should not be larger than the half of the difference between the minimum wearing angle and the impact angle of the pick, and the clearance angle must not be less than zero.展开更多
Fuzzy control based on Lyapunov function was employed to control the posture and the energy of an (acrobot) to make the transition from upswing control to balance control smoothly and stably. First, a control law base...Fuzzy control based on Lyapunov function was employed to control the posture and the energy of an (acrobot) to make the transition from upswing control to balance control smoothly and stably. First, a control law based on Lyapunov function was used to control the angle and the angular velocity of the second link towards zero when the energy of the acrobot reaches the potential energy at the unstable straight-up equilibrium position in the upswing process. The controller based on Lyapunov function makes the second link straighten nature relatively to the first link. At the same time, a fuzzy controller was designed to regulate the parameters of the upper control law to keep the change of the energy of the acrobot to a minimum, so that the switching from (upswing) to balance can be properly carried out and the acrobot can enter the balance quickly. The results of simulation show that the switching from upswing to balance can be completed smoothly, and the control effect of the acrobot is improved greatly.展开更多
Current distribution in a drained aluminum reduction cell is critical due to its influence on the current efficiency, electrolysis stability, anodes and cathodes integrity. A finite element model was developed to simu...Current distribution in a drained aluminum reduction cell is critical due to its influence on the current efficiency, electrolysis stability, anodes and cathodes integrity. A finite element model was developed to simulate the electric field in a 75 kA drained aluminum reduction cell. The current distribution and influences of the cathode inclination angle and anode-cathode distance (ACD) were studied. The results show that relatively large horizontal current density appears in the aluminum film, and the maximum value reaches 600 kA/m2. As the cathode inclination angle increases from 2° to 15°, the maximum current density of the metal pad increases by 15%, while the maximum current density of the aluminum-wettable coating layer decreases by 27%. The influence of the ACD on the current distribution is not obvious.展开更多
基金Project(51005232) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20100481176) supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation+1 种基金Project(201104583) supported by the China Postdoctoral Special FundProject(1101106c) supported by Jiangsu Postdoctoral Foundation, China
文摘In order to obtain the determining method of the installing angle and decrease the performance indices (cutting force and wearing rate) of the pick, the relationships among the installing angles (impact angle, inclination angle and the skew angle) were studied, and the static model of installing angles of the pick was built. The relationships among the impact angle, the tip angle of pick and the kinematics parameters of the pick were built, too. Moreover, the mechanic models of the maximum clearance angle and the wearing angle of the pick were set up. To research the relationships of the installing angles and the change law of the wearing angle along with the kinematics parameters, the simulation was done. In order to verify the correctness of the models, the cutting experiments were done by employing two picks with different pick tip angles. The results indicate that, the cutting force is the smallest when the direction of the resultant force of pick follows its axis, and the relationship derived among the installing angles should be satisfied. In addition, to decrease the cutting force and the wearing of the pick, the tip angle of pick should not be larger than the half of the difference between the minimum wearing angle and the impact angle of the pick, and the clearance angle must not be less than zero.
文摘Fuzzy control based on Lyapunov function was employed to control the posture and the energy of an (acrobot) to make the transition from upswing control to balance control smoothly and stably. First, a control law based on Lyapunov function was used to control the angle and the angular velocity of the second link towards zero when the energy of the acrobot reaches the potential energy at the unstable straight-up equilibrium position in the upswing process. The controller based on Lyapunov function makes the second link straighten nature relatively to the first link. At the same time, a fuzzy controller was designed to regulate the parameters of the upper control law to keep the change of the energy of the acrobot to a minimum, so that the switching from (upswing) to balance can be properly carried out and the acrobot can enter the balance quickly. The results of simulation show that the switching from upswing to balance can be completed smoothly, and the control effect of the acrobot is improved greatly.
基金Project(2005CB623703) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘Current distribution in a drained aluminum reduction cell is critical due to its influence on the current efficiency, electrolysis stability, anodes and cathodes integrity. A finite element model was developed to simulate the electric field in a 75 kA drained aluminum reduction cell. The current distribution and influences of the cathode inclination angle and anode-cathode distance (ACD) were studied. The results show that relatively large horizontal current density appears in the aluminum film, and the maximum value reaches 600 kA/m2. As the cathode inclination angle increases from 2° to 15°, the maximum current density of the metal pad increases by 15%, while the maximum current density of the aluminum-wettable coating layer decreases by 27%. The influence of the ACD on the current distribution is not obvious.
