Although body mass index(BMI)is widely used as a simple tool to assess obesity,it has certain limitations and inaccuracies.It is known that visceral adipose tissue is closely related to cardiometabolic risks and all-c...Although body mass index(BMI)is widely used as a simple tool to assess obesity,it has certain limitations and inaccuracies.It is known that visceral adipose tissue is closely related to cardiometabolic risks and all-cause mortality;however,precise measurement methods for visceral fat(magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography)cannot be widely used.Thus,simple but accurate alternatives are valuable.Studies have shown that waist circumference-to-height ratio(WHtR)might be a superior and more accurate variable in assessing central or visceral adiposity as well as predicting risks of diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases.Furthermore,WHtR cutoff values can be consistent across different races,age,and genders,making it a universal metric worth promoting and applying.展开更多
患者，男，10岁，因左上后牙松动，牙龈出血2 h 就诊。查：面部对称，无畸形，口内检查见：ⅣⅢ度松动，牙槽骨无膨隆，牙龈无撕裂，但见牙龈渗血，诊断：Ⅳ滞留、松动，致牙龈出血。处理：指压下拔除Ⅳ，可见4牙尖，纱球压迫止血，嘱...患者，男，10岁，因左上后牙松动，牙龈出血2 h 就诊。查：面部对称，无畸形，口内检查见：ⅣⅢ度松动，牙槽骨无膨隆，牙龈无撕裂，但见牙龈渗血，诊断：Ⅳ滞留、松动，致牙龈出血。处理：指压下拔除Ⅳ，可见4牙尖，纱球压迫止血，嘱患者及家属，纱球咬合20 min 后自行去除。第二天一早，患者及家属再次就诊，称昨日去除咬合纱球后，拔牙处仍出血，出血量较昨日增大，昨晚用纱球压迫了一晚。查体：患者拔牙区无牙龈撕裂，牙龈周围无红肿充血，Ⅳ牙槽窝周围渗出鲜红色血液，立即给患者再次咬合纱球止血，并肌肉注射立止血1000 U，20 min 后去除咬合纱球，止血效果不佳，换用明胶海绵填塞、碘仿纱条填塞后止血效果仍不佳。急行血常规、出凝血时间检查，结果均无异常；CT 检查，示：左上颌骨中心性血管瘤，立即建议患者及家属转往上级医院就诊。展开更多
基金supported by the“1·3·5 Project”for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,China(ZYGD18017)。
文摘Although body mass index(BMI)is widely used as a simple tool to assess obesity,it has certain limitations and inaccuracies.It is known that visceral adipose tissue is closely related to cardiometabolic risks and all-cause mortality;however,precise measurement methods for visceral fat(magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography)cannot be widely used.Thus,simple but accurate alternatives are valuable.Studies have shown that waist circumference-to-height ratio(WHtR)might be a superior and more accurate variable in assessing central or visceral adiposity as well as predicting risks of diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases.Furthermore,WHtR cutoff values can be consistent across different races,age,and genders,making it a universal metric worth promoting and applying.
文摘患者，男，10岁，因左上后牙松动，牙龈出血2 h 就诊。查：面部对称，无畸形，口内检查见：ⅣⅢ度松动，牙槽骨无膨隆，牙龈无撕裂，但见牙龈渗血，诊断：Ⅳ滞留、松动，致牙龈出血。处理：指压下拔除Ⅳ，可见4牙尖，纱球压迫止血，嘱患者及家属，纱球咬合20 min 后自行去除。第二天一早，患者及家属再次就诊，称昨日去除咬合纱球后，拔牙处仍出血，出血量较昨日增大，昨晚用纱球压迫了一晚。查体：患者拔牙区无牙龈撕裂，牙龈周围无红肿充血，Ⅳ牙槽窝周围渗出鲜红色血液，立即给患者再次咬合纱球止血，并肌肉注射立止血1000 U，20 min 后去除咬合纱球，止血效果不佳，换用明胶海绵填塞、碘仿纱条填塞后止血效果仍不佳。急行血常规、出凝血时间检查，结果均无异常；CT 检查，示：左上颌骨中心性血管瘤，立即建议患者及家属转往上级医院就诊。
