2023年2月3日,浙江大学医学院脑科学与脑医学学院/浙江大学医学院附属第二医院白戈研究员团队与中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心李劲松研究员团队合作在《细胞》(Cell)在线发表了“Diverse CMT2 neuropathies are linked to aberran...2023年2月3日,浙江大学医学院脑科学与脑医学学院/浙江大学医学院附属第二医院白戈研究员团队与中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心李劲松研究员团队合作在《细胞》(Cell)在线发表了“Diverse CMT2 neuropathies are linked to aberrant G3BP interactions in stress granules”的研究论文(DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.046),揭示应激颗粒(一种介导应激反应的无膜细胞器)异常是介导不同亚型腓骨肌萎缩症(CMT)的共同致病机制。研究人员发现,虽然在正常生理状态下不同亚型CMT致病蛋白在细胞中的定位各异,但在应激状态下这些CMT致病蛋白会表现出相同的细胞定位,进入应激颗粒中并与其核心蛋白G3BP发生异常相互作用。这种异常互作不会影响应激颗粒组装—解聚的动态变化,却会显著干扰以G3BP为核心的应激颗粒蛋白网络,导致大量非应激颗粒组分异常滞留在应激颗粒中,扰乱了细胞正常的应激反应,使得周围神经应对环境不良刺激的能力下降,从而导致周围神经疾病的发生。展开更多
Numerous Trichoderma spp. are mycoparasites and commercially applied as biological control agents against a large number of plant pathogenic fungi. The mycoparasitic interaction is host-specific and several research s...Numerous Trichoderma spp. are mycoparasites and commercially applied as biological control agents against a large number of plant pathogenic fungi. The mycoparasitic interaction is host-specific and several research strategies have been applied to identify the main genes and compounds involved in the antagonist-plant-pathogen three-way interaction. During mycoparasitism, signals from the host fungus are recognised by Trichoderma, stimulating antifungal activities that are accompanied by morphological changes and the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes and antibiotics. Interestingly some morphological changes appeared highly conserved in the strategy of pathogenicity within the fungal world, i.e. the formation of appressoria as well as the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes seem to be general mechanisms of attack both for plant pathogens and mycoparasitic antagonists. This knowledge is being used to identify receptors and key components of signalling pathways involved in fungus-fungus interaction. For this purpose we have cloned the first genes (tmk1, tga1, tga3) from T. atroviride showing a high similarity to MAP kinase and G protein subunits (see abstract by Zeilinger et al.), which have been found to have an important role in pathogenicity by Magnaporthe grisea. To identify the function and involvement of these factors in mycoparasitism by T. atroviride, tmk1, tga1, tga3 disruptant strains were produced. The knock-out mutants were tested by in vivo biocontrol assays for their ability to inhibit soil and foliar plant pathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum and Botrytis cinerea . Disruption of these genes corresponded to a complete loss of biocontrol ability, suggesting a significant role in mycoparasitism. In particular, it has been suggested that tga3 regulates the expression of chitinase-encoding genes, the secretion of the corresponding enzymes and the process of conidiation. Comparative proteome analysis of wild type and disruptants supported this hypothesis, and indicated many changes in the protein profiles of T. atroviride in different interaction conditions with plants and pathogenic hosts.展开更多
文摘2023年2月3日,浙江大学医学院脑科学与脑医学学院/浙江大学医学院附属第二医院白戈研究员团队与中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心李劲松研究员团队合作在《细胞》(Cell)在线发表了“Diverse CMT2 neuropathies are linked to aberrant G3BP interactions in stress granules”的研究论文(DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.046),揭示应激颗粒(一种介导应激反应的无膜细胞器)异常是介导不同亚型腓骨肌萎缩症(CMT)的共同致病机制。研究人员发现,虽然在正常生理状态下不同亚型CMT致病蛋白在细胞中的定位各异,但在应激状态下这些CMT致病蛋白会表现出相同的细胞定位,进入应激颗粒中并与其核心蛋白G3BP发生异常相互作用。这种异常互作不会影响应激颗粒组装—解聚的动态变化,却会显著干扰以G3BP为核心的应激颗粒蛋白网络,导致大量非应激颗粒组分异常滞留在应激颗粒中,扰乱了细胞正常的应激反应,使得周围神经应对环境不良刺激的能力下降,从而导致周围神经疾病的发生。
文摘Numerous Trichoderma spp. are mycoparasites and commercially applied as biological control agents against a large number of plant pathogenic fungi. The mycoparasitic interaction is host-specific and several research strategies have been applied to identify the main genes and compounds involved in the antagonist-plant-pathogen three-way interaction. During mycoparasitism, signals from the host fungus are recognised by Trichoderma, stimulating antifungal activities that are accompanied by morphological changes and the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes and antibiotics. Interestingly some morphological changes appeared highly conserved in the strategy of pathogenicity within the fungal world, i.e. the formation of appressoria as well as the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes seem to be general mechanisms of attack both for plant pathogens and mycoparasitic antagonists. This knowledge is being used to identify receptors and key components of signalling pathways involved in fungus-fungus interaction. For this purpose we have cloned the first genes (tmk1, tga1, tga3) from T. atroviride showing a high similarity to MAP kinase and G protein subunits (see abstract by Zeilinger et al.), which have been found to have an important role in pathogenicity by Magnaporthe grisea. To identify the function and involvement of these factors in mycoparasitism by T. atroviride, tmk1, tga1, tga3 disruptant strains were produced. The knock-out mutants were tested by in vivo biocontrol assays for their ability to inhibit soil and foliar plant pathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum and Botrytis cinerea . Disruption of these genes corresponded to a complete loss of biocontrol ability, suggesting a significant role in mycoparasitism. In particular, it has been suggested that tga3 regulates the expression of chitinase-encoding genes, the secretion of the corresponding enzymes and the process of conidiation. Comparative proteome analysis of wild type and disruptants supported this hypothesis, and indicated many changes in the protein profiles of T. atroviride in different interaction conditions with plants and pathogenic hosts.
