In recent years,rockburst have gained significant attention as a crucial topic in rock engineering.Strain andfault-slip rockburst are two common types that occur frequently and cause substantial damage.The objective o...In recent years,rockburst have gained significant attention as a crucial topic in rock engineering.Strain andfault-slip rockburst are two common types that occur frequently and cause substantial damage.The objective of thisreview is to conduct a comprehensive study on the experiments and failure mechanisms of strain and fault-slip rockburst.Firstly,the article analyzes the evolving trends in experimental research on rockburst in the past decade,highlightingmechanical properties and failure modes as the primary research focuses in understanding rockburst mechanisms.Subsequently,it provides an overview of the experimental techniques and methods employed for studying both types ofrockburst.Then,with a focus on the mechanical properties and failure modes,the article conducts an extensive analysisof the failure mechanisms associated with strain and fault-slip rockburst.By analyzing experimental data and observingthe failure characteristics of samples,it discusses the variations and common features exhibited by these two types ofrockburst under various test conditions.This analysis is of paramount importance in revealing the causes of rockburstformation and development,as well as in predicting rockburst trends and assessing associated risks.Lastly,thelimitations of current rockburst experiments and future research directions are discussed,followed by a comprehensivesummary of the entire article.展开更多
目的 :探讨后路通道下椎管减压联合经皮椎弓根螺钉固定(微创组)与开放式椎管减压椎弓根螺钉固定(开放组)治疗伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法:纳入2013年1月~2016年3月行手术治疗的伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折患者共66例,微创组31例,男2...目的 :探讨后路通道下椎管减压联合经皮椎弓根螺钉固定(微创组)与开放式椎管减压椎弓根螺钉固定(开放组)治疗伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法:纳入2013年1月~2016年3月行手术治疗的伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折患者共66例,微创组31例,男23例,女8例;开放组35例,男25例,女10例。整理分析两组病例基础临床资料(年龄、性别比、受伤机制、伤椎分布、Denis分型、ASIA分级及术前VAS评分)、术后及各阶段随访的影像学参数(伤椎椎管通畅率、伤椎前缘高度百分比、Cobb角)。结果:两组间基础临床资料比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组神经损伤恢复良好,无严重手术相关并发症。微创组随访26.58±5.98(14~38)个月,开放组为27.09±6.73(16~44)个月(P>0.05)。两组手术时间、植骨量无统计学差异(P>0.05);但术中出血(359.68±159.22ml vs 514.86±246.09ml)、自体血回输(7 vs 17例)、止痛药使用(12 vs 23例)、住院时间(9.48±2.72d vs 11.51±3.27d)及术后1周VAS评分(3.77±1.28 vs 4.97±1.44分)微创组均优于开放组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后1周、术后3个月、末次随访时椎管通畅率、伤椎椎体前缘高度百分比、矢状面Cobb角分别较术前改善,差异有显著性(P<0.05);但术前、术后1周、术后3个月、末次随访时椎管通畅率、伤椎椎体前缘高度百分比、矢状面Cobb角两组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:针对严重椎管狭窄伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折病例,微创置钉联合小切口入路椎板减压植骨内固定术与传统开放术式均取得了良好的疗效。微创术式在减少手术创伤、出血量、住院时间等方面更具优势。展开更多
A series of true-triaxial compression tests were performed on red sandstone cubic specimens with a circular hole to investigate the influence of depth on induced spalling in tunnels.The failure process of the hole sid...A series of true-triaxial compression tests were performed on red sandstone cubic specimens with a circular hole to investigate the influence of depth on induced spalling in tunnels.The failure process of the hole sidewalls was monitored and recorded in real-time by a micro-video monitoring equipment.The general failure evolution processes of the hole sidewall at different initial depths(500 m,1000 m and 1500 m)during the adjustment of vertical stress were obtained.The results show that the hole sidewall all formed spalling before resulting in strain rockburst,and ultimately forming a V-shaped notch.The far-field principal stress for the initial failure of the tunnel shows a good positive linear correlation with the depth.As the depth increases,the stress required for the initial failure of the tunnels clearly increased,the spalling became more intense;the size and mass of the rock fragments and depth and width of the V-shaped notches increased,and the range of the failure zone extends along the hole sidewall from the local area to the entire area.Therefore,as the depth increases,the support area around the tunnel should be increased accordingly to prevent spalling.展开更多
基金Project(52227901)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2308085ME153)supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+2 种基金Project(2022AH030088)supported by the University Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,ChinaProject(EC2022011)supported by the Foundation of Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining,ChinaProject(GXXT-2022-020)supported by the University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province,China。
文摘In recent years,rockburst have gained significant attention as a crucial topic in rock engineering.Strain andfault-slip rockburst are two common types that occur frequently and cause substantial damage.The objective of thisreview is to conduct a comprehensive study on the experiments and failure mechanisms of strain and fault-slip rockburst.Firstly,the article analyzes the evolving trends in experimental research on rockburst in the past decade,highlightingmechanical properties and failure modes as the primary research focuses in understanding rockburst mechanisms.Subsequently,it provides an overview of the experimental techniques and methods employed for studying both types ofrockburst.Then,with a focus on the mechanical properties and failure modes,the article conducts an extensive analysisof the failure mechanisms associated with strain and fault-slip rockburst.By analyzing experimental data and observingthe failure characteristics of samples,it discusses the variations and common features exhibited by these two types ofrockburst under various test conditions.This analysis is of paramount importance in revealing the causes of rockburstformation and development,as well as in predicting rockburst trends and assessing associated risks.Lastly,thelimitations of current rockburst experiments and future research directions are discussed,followed by a comprehensivesummary of the entire article.
文摘目的 :探讨后路通道下椎管减压联合经皮椎弓根螺钉固定(微创组)与开放式椎管减压椎弓根螺钉固定(开放组)治疗伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折的疗效。方法:纳入2013年1月~2016年3月行手术治疗的伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折患者共66例,微创组31例,男23例,女8例;开放组35例,男25例,女10例。整理分析两组病例基础临床资料(年龄、性别比、受伤机制、伤椎分布、Denis分型、ASIA分级及术前VAS评分)、术后及各阶段随访的影像学参数(伤椎椎管通畅率、伤椎前缘高度百分比、Cobb角)。结果:两组间基础临床资料比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组神经损伤恢复良好,无严重手术相关并发症。微创组随访26.58±5.98(14~38)个月,开放组为27.09±6.73(16~44)个月(P>0.05)。两组手术时间、植骨量无统计学差异(P>0.05);但术中出血(359.68±159.22ml vs 514.86±246.09ml)、自体血回输(7 vs 17例)、止痛药使用(12 vs 23例)、住院时间(9.48±2.72d vs 11.51±3.27d)及术后1周VAS评分(3.77±1.28 vs 4.97±1.44分)微创组均优于开放组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后1周、术后3个月、末次随访时椎管通畅率、伤椎椎体前缘高度百分比、矢状面Cobb角分别较术前改善,差异有显著性(P<0.05);但术前、术后1周、术后3个月、末次随访时椎管通畅率、伤椎椎体前缘高度百分比、矢状面Cobb角两组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:针对严重椎管狭窄伴神经损伤的胸腰椎骨折病例,微创置钉联合小切口入路椎板减压植骨内固定术与传统开放术式均取得了良好的疗效。微创术式在减少手术创伤、出血量、住院时间等方面更具优势。
基金Projects(41877272,41472269)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2017zzts167)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘A series of true-triaxial compression tests were performed on red sandstone cubic specimens with a circular hole to investigate the influence of depth on induced spalling in tunnels.The failure process of the hole sidewalls was monitored and recorded in real-time by a micro-video monitoring equipment.The general failure evolution processes of the hole sidewall at different initial depths(500 m,1000 m and 1500 m)during the adjustment of vertical stress were obtained.The results show that the hole sidewall all formed spalling before resulting in strain rockburst,and ultimately forming a V-shaped notch.The far-field principal stress for the initial failure of the tunnel shows a good positive linear correlation with the depth.As the depth increases,the stress required for the initial failure of the tunnels clearly increased,the spalling became more intense;the size and mass of the rock fragments and depth and width of the V-shaped notches increased,and the range of the failure zone extends along the hole sidewall from the local area to the entire area.Therefore,as the depth increases,the support area around the tunnel should be increased accordingly to prevent spalling.
