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追求公平与卓越:英国公立中学问责测度改革 被引量:5
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作者 关晶 《外国中小学教育》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第11期1-9,共9页
只有在充分有效问责的前提下,学校自治才能发挥促进教育发展的作用。自1980年代末,英国政府建立并不断完善基于国家课程考试与学校排名信息公开的公立中学问责测度体系。在最新一轮的改革中,“进步8(Progress 8)”“成绩8(Attainment 8... 只有在充分有效问责的前提下,学校自治才能发挥促进教育发展的作用。自1980年代末,英国政府建立并不断完善基于国家课程考试与学校排名信息公开的公立中学问责测度体系。在最新一轮的改革中,“进步8(Progress 8)”“成绩8(Attainment 8)”“英国文凭(EBacc)”等新指标和算法的引入成为了亮点。新改革体现了英国政府追求教育公平与卓越的双重雄心。其特点是以绩效改进为宗旨,督导帮扶薄弱学校;基于客观绩效数据,提升问责的科学性;以增值评价为重点,保障问责的公平性;指标及数据公开化,彰显问责的公共性。 展开更多
关键词 问责测 公立学校 英国
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Modeling approaches to pressure balance dynamic system in shield tunneling 被引量:2
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作者 李守巨 于申 屈福政 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第3期1206-1216,共11页
In order to deal with modeling problem of a pressure balance system with time-delay, nonlinear, time-varying and uncertain characteristics, an intelligent modeling procedure is proposed, which is based on artificial n... In order to deal with modeling problem of a pressure balance system with time-delay, nonlinear, time-varying and uncertain characteristics, an intelligent modeling procedure is proposed, which is based on artificial neural network(ANN) and input-output data of the system during shield tunneling and can overcome the precision problem in mechanistic modeling(MM) approach. The computational results show that the training algorithm with Gauss-Newton optimization has fast convergent speed. The experimental investigation indicates that, compared with mechanistic modeling approach, intelligent modeling procedure can obviously increase the precision in both soil pressure fitting and forecasting period. The effectiveness and accuracy of proposed intelligent modeling procedure are verified in laboratory tests. 展开更多
关键词 intelligent modeling neural network pressure balance system excavation chamber analytically modeling approach
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