为研究富水软弱地层盾构工程单独使用水泥土加固难以解决涌水涌砂的问题,以秦淮—滨南220 k V线路盾构隧道"K4"井盾构接收工程为背景,对已有化学加固的盾构端头采用液氮垂直局部冻结进行二次加固封水,提出盾构接收时冻结实测...为研究富水软弱地层盾构工程单独使用水泥土加固难以解决涌水涌砂的问题,以秦淮—滨南220 k V线路盾构隧道"K4"井盾构接收工程为背景,对已有化学加固的盾构端头采用液氮垂直局部冻结进行二次加固封水,提出盾构接收时冻结实测应满足的条件,进行冻结实测及温度发展规律分析。实测表明:1)水化热影响下,冻结壁平均发展速度为81.9 mm/d,为正常液氮冻结速度的55%~68%,为常规盐水冻结速度的3.2倍;2)液氮冻结的冻结壁平均温度为常规盐水冻结的3倍;3)液氮冻结工期为常规盐水冻结的1/3~1/2;4)维护冻结期间液氮消耗量为积极冻结期间的1/3便可维持冻结壁温度。利用液氮快速冻结进行二次加固封堵涌水能有效保证工期,避免事故的发生。展开更多
The coal of Anyuan Mine has the characteristic of easy spontaneous combustion. Conventional method is difficult to predict it. Coal samples from this mine were tested in laboratory. The data obtained from laboratory d...The coal of Anyuan Mine has the characteristic of easy spontaneous combustion. Conventional method is difficult to predict it. Coal samples from this mine were tested in laboratory. The data obtained from laboratory determination were initialized for the value which was defined as "K". The ratio of each index gas and value of "K", and the ratio of combination index gases and value of "K", were analyzed simultaneously. The research results show that for this coal mine, if there is carbon monoxide in the gas sample, the phenomenon of oxidation and temperature rising for coal exists in this mine; if there is C_2H_4 in the gas sample, the temperature of coal perhaps exceeds 130 °C. If the coal temperature is between 35 °C and 130 °C, prediction and forecast for coal spontaneous combustion depend on the value of Φ(CO)/K mainly; if the temperature of coal is between 130 °C and 300 °C, prediction and forecast for coal spontaneous combustion depend on the value of Φ(C_2H_6)/Φ(C_2H_2) and Φ(C_2H_6)/K. The research results provide experimental basis for the prediction of coal spontaneous combustion in Anyuan coal mine, and have better guidance on safe production of this coal mine.展开更多
Generation of polydisperse KCl aerosol with a new salt aerosol generator was investigated, Special attention was paid on particles with diameters between 3 and 10 μm. The main improvement consists of the different ro...Generation of polydisperse KCl aerosol with a new salt aerosol generator was investigated, Special attention was paid on particles with diameters between 3 and 10 μm. The main improvement consists of the different routes of KCl solution droplets. In traditional generators, the solution droplets travel through one cylinder; while in the case analyzed here, after spray atomization, the droplets travel through two cylinders in series. The first cylinder was fed with warm air and the second one with cold air. In such way, the complete evaporation of the water from the droplets can be ensured. The influencing factors of the generated aerosol size distribution were investigated. The data measured show that the concentration of generated aerosol becomes higher both increasing the flow rate of the KCI solution injected in the first cylinder and increasing the concentration in the solution. The temperature of solution influences mainly the generation of smaller KCI particles （0,3-3 μm）. The amount of hot air used in the generation process increases the concentration of larger KC1 particles （〉3 μm） while cold air does not have the same effect. The aerosol generator is able to generate KC1 aerosol stably. This instrument can be used effectively for testing air filters for automotive.展开更多
文摘为研究富水软弱地层盾构工程单独使用水泥土加固难以解决涌水涌砂的问题,以秦淮—滨南220 k V线路盾构隧道"K4"井盾构接收工程为背景,对已有化学加固的盾构端头采用液氮垂直局部冻结进行二次加固封水,提出盾构接收时冻结实测应满足的条件,进行冻结实测及温度发展规律分析。实测表明:1)水化热影响下,冻结壁平均发展速度为81.9 mm/d,为正常液氮冻结速度的55%~68%,为常规盐水冻结速度的3.2倍;2)液氮冻结的冻结壁平均温度为常规盐水冻结的3倍;3)液氮冻结工期为常规盐水冻结的1/3~1/2;4)维护冻结期间液氮消耗量为积极冻结期间的1/3便可维持冻结壁温度。利用液氮快速冻结进行二次加固封堵涌水能有效保证工期,避免事故的发生。
基金Projects(51274099,51474106)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The coal of Anyuan Mine has the characteristic of easy spontaneous combustion. Conventional method is difficult to predict it. Coal samples from this mine were tested in laboratory. The data obtained from laboratory determination were initialized for the value which was defined as "K". The ratio of each index gas and value of "K", and the ratio of combination index gases and value of "K", were analyzed simultaneously. The research results show that for this coal mine, if there is carbon monoxide in the gas sample, the phenomenon of oxidation and temperature rising for coal exists in this mine; if there is C_2H_4 in the gas sample, the temperature of coal perhaps exceeds 130 °C. If the coal temperature is between 35 °C and 130 °C, prediction and forecast for coal spontaneous combustion depend on the value of Φ(CO)/K mainly; if the temperature of coal is between 130 °C and 300 °C, prediction and forecast for coal spontaneous combustion depend on the value of Φ(C_2H_6)/Φ(C_2H_2) and Φ(C_2H_6)/K. The research results provide experimental basis for the prediction of coal spontaneous combustion in Anyuan coal mine, and have better guidance on safe production of this coal mine.
基金Project(2010EME006) supported by Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education of China Project(51008063) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金 Project(3203000601) supported by the Postdoctoral Key Research Program from Southeast University, China Project(2011BAJ03B05) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period of China
文摘Generation of polydisperse KCl aerosol with a new salt aerosol generator was investigated, Special attention was paid on particles with diameters between 3 and 10 μm. The main improvement consists of the different routes of KCl solution droplets. In traditional generators, the solution droplets travel through one cylinder; while in the case analyzed here, after spray atomization, the droplets travel through two cylinders in series. The first cylinder was fed with warm air and the second one with cold air. In such way, the complete evaporation of the water from the droplets can be ensured. The influencing factors of the generated aerosol size distribution were investigated. The data measured show that the concentration of generated aerosol becomes higher both increasing the flow rate of the KCI solution injected in the first cylinder and increasing the concentration in the solution. The temperature of solution influences mainly the generation of smaller KCI particles （0,3-3 μm）. The amount of hot air used in the generation process increases the concentration of larger KC1 particles （〉3 μm） while cold air does not have the same effect. The aerosol generator is able to generate KC1 aerosol stably. This instrument can be used effectively for testing air filters for automotive.
