This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternati...This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.展开更多
Exhaust hot water(EHW)is widely used for various industrial processes.However,the excess heat carried by EHW is typically ignored and discharged into the environment,resulting in heat loss and heat pollution.An organi...Exhaust hot water(EHW)is widely used for various industrial processes.However,the excess heat carried by EHW is typically ignored and discharged into the environment,resulting in heat loss and heat pollution.An organic Rankine cycle(ORC)is an attractive technology to recycle heat from low-temperature energy carriers.Herein,ORC was used to recycle the heat carried by EHW.To investigate the energy and exergy recovery effects of EHW,a mathematical model was developed and a parametric study was conducted.The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the EHW-driven ORC system were modeled with R245fa,R113 and R123 as the working fluids.The results demonstrate that the EHW and evaporation temperatures have significant effects on the energy and exergy efficiencies of the EHW-driven ORC system.Under given EHW conditions,an optimum evaporation temperature exists corresponding to the highest exergy efficiency.To further use the low-temperature EHW,a configuration retrofitted to the ORC by combining with flash evaporation(FE)was conducted.For an EHW at 120℃ and 0.2 MPa,the maximum exergy efficiency of the FE-ORC system is 45.91%at a flash pressure of 0.088 MPa.The FE-ORC performs better in exergy efficiency than the basic FE and basic EHW-driven ORC.展开更多
A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The...A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The structure of the cycle is simple which comprises evaporator,turbine,regenerator(desorber),absorber,pump and throttle valves for both diluted solution and vapor.And it is of high efficiency,because the working medium has large temperature difference in evaporation and small temperature difference in absorptive condensation,which can match the sensible exothermal heat resource and the cooling water simultaneously.Orthogonal calculation was made to investigate the influence of the working concentration,the basic concentration and the circulation multiple on the cycle performance,with 85-110 ℃ heat resource and 20-32 ℃ cooling water.An optimum scheme was given in the condition of 110 ℃ sensitive heat resource and 20 ℃ cooling water,with the working concentration of 0.6,basic concentration of 0.385,and circulation multiple of 5.The thermal efficiency and the power recovery efficiency are 8.06 % and 6.66%,respectively.The power recovery efficiency of the DPAPC-a is 28.8% higher than that of the steam Rankine cycle(SRC) and 12.7% higher than that of ORC(R134a) under the optimized situation.展开更多
文摘This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.
基金Projects(51704069,51734004,71403175)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(N162504011)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Exhaust hot water(EHW)is widely used for various industrial processes.However,the excess heat carried by EHW is typically ignored and discharged into the environment,resulting in heat loss and heat pollution.An organic Rankine cycle(ORC)is an attractive technology to recycle heat from low-temperature energy carriers.Herein,ORC was used to recycle the heat carried by EHW.To investigate the energy and exergy recovery effects of EHW,a mathematical model was developed and a parametric study was conducted.The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the EHW-driven ORC system were modeled with R245fa,R113 and R123 as the working fluids.The results demonstrate that the EHW and evaporation temperatures have significant effects on the energy and exergy efficiencies of the EHW-driven ORC system.Under given EHW conditions,an optimum evaporation temperature exists corresponding to the highest exergy efficiency.To further use the low-temperature EHW,a configuration retrofitted to the ORC by combining with flash evaporation(FE)was conducted.For an EHW at 120℃ and 0.2 MPa,the maximum exergy efficiency of the FE-ORC system is 45.91%at a flash pressure of 0.088 MPa.The FE-ORC performs better in exergy efficiency than the basic FE and basic EHW-driven ORC.
基金Project(50976022) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BY2011155) supported by Science and Technology Innovation and Transformation of Achievements of Special Fund of Jiangsu Province, China
文摘A simplified dual-pressure ammonia-water absorption power cycle(DPAPC-a) using low grade energy resources is presented and analyzed.This cycle uses turbine exhaust heat to distill the basic solution for desorption.The structure of the cycle is simple which comprises evaporator,turbine,regenerator(desorber),absorber,pump and throttle valves for both diluted solution and vapor.And it is of high efficiency,because the working medium has large temperature difference in evaporation and small temperature difference in absorptive condensation,which can match the sensible exothermal heat resource and the cooling water simultaneously.Orthogonal calculation was made to investigate the influence of the working concentration,the basic concentration and the circulation multiple on the cycle performance,with 85-110 ℃ heat resource and 20-32 ℃ cooling water.An optimum scheme was given in the condition of 110 ℃ sensitive heat resource and 20 ℃ cooling water,with the working concentration of 0.6,basic concentration of 0.385,and circulation multiple of 5.The thermal efficiency and the power recovery efficiency are 8.06 % and 6.66%,respectively.The power recovery efficiency of the DPAPC-a is 28.8% higher than that of the steam Rankine cycle(SRC) and 12.7% higher than that of ORC(R134a) under the optimized situation.
