In proteomics study, because there were biases of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in molecular weights, pH and hydrophobicity, multi-dimensional protein identification technology (MuD-PIT)was proposed. Due to the ...In proteomics study, because there were biases of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in molecular weights, pH and hydrophobicity, multi-dimensional protein identification technology (MuD-PIT)was proposed. Due to the core part of the technique being digestion of total proteins in the first step, some drawbacks appeared, such as complicating the separation of samples, dominating the influence of proteins with high abundance on the identification of proteins with low abundance and losing some information of proteins,for example, post-translational modification et al. , these resulted in the limitation of applications for the method. Taking into account of those factors mentioned above, when studying the mitochondria proteome of human fetal liver with great significance in life process, Proteome Lab PF2D system (Beckman Coulter, USA) was employed. The fractions of extract from fetal liver tissues by saccharose- density gradient centrifugation were prepared on a high velocity centrifuge. The desalting and solvent exchanging of the fractions with Start buffer (pH8. 5, Beckman Coulter, USA) were carried out on a PD-10(Sephadex G-25, 5 000Da) desalting column (amersham pharmacia biotech, Wikstroms,Sweden) according to the procedures described in its product instruction. Then the treated fractions were separated with chromatofocusing and reversed-phase liquid chromatography in tandem, respectively. After concentration and in-solution digestion of protein fractions,the peptide mixture was lyophilized, then resolved with 5% aqueous acytonitrile plus 0.1% formic acid, and finally analyzed with microLC-ESI-ion trap mass spectrometry(Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA) and CapLC-ESI-QTOF mass spectrometry (Waters, USA). Mass spectrometric data was searched against IPI protein database with Thermo SEQUEST (Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA) and Mascot. A primary database of mitochondrial proteome of human fetal liver was constructed, which could play central role in the large-scale study of the functions of human liver proteome. By using the technique on profiling mitochondrial proteome of human fetal liver, valuable experimental results were obtained and showed that combination of different orthogonal separation methods followed by capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography and on-line ESI tandem mass spectrometry could expand the dynamic range and resolution, and enabled the identification of 915 proteins from 2 977 different peptides. After deletion of redundant proteins among different batches of data, 477 proteins were identified, in which 291 proteins were unique proteins and 186 proteins were cluster proteins. 144 proteins were clearly localized in mitochondria of human fetal liver. The molecular weights of the identified proteins ranged from about 7 000Da to 330 000Da and pI values from about 4.0-11.89.These results demonstrated that liquid phase based separation could overcome some shortcomings adherent to 2DE. However, some common issues, such as protein clusters or protein groups and peptide number limited for a reliable protein identification existed in both gel based separation and liquid phase based separation, still have to be addressed in the future researches.展开更多
为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶...为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶液20 m L,涡旋1 min,超声10 min,离心8 min。上清液于45℃旋蒸至近干,加入2.00 m L 70%(体积分数)乙腈溶液涡旋溶解残留物,再加入200 mg C18涡旋振荡30 s,离心5 min。收集上清液,过0.22μm有机滤膜,滤液采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。在色谱分析中,以Waters Atiantis^(TM) d C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,水-乙腈体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱;在质谱分析中,以电喷雾离子源负离子(ESI-)模式电离,选择反应监测(SRM)模式检测,内标法定量。结果显示,氯硝柳胺的质量浓度在0.20~50.00μg·L^(-1)内和其定量离子峰面积与同位素内标定量离子峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.2μg·kg^(-1)。按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为92.1%~113%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.6%~5.9%。方法用于实际样品的分析,检出的氯硝柳胺的质量分数为0.580~2.18 mg·kg^(-1)。展开更多
建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)手性拆分和测定水产品中奥沙西泮和替马西泮对映体残留量的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取2次,40℃条件下氮气浓缩至近干,残渣加入2 mL 50%乙腈-水溶液溶解,采用分散固相萃取净化,LC-MS/MS测定。使用Enanti...建立了液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)手性拆分和测定水产品中奥沙西泮和替马西泮对映体残留量的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取2次,40℃条件下氮气浓缩至近干,残渣加入2 mL 50%乙腈-水溶液溶解,采用分散固相萃取净化,LC-MS/MS测定。使用EnantioPAK■Y1-R(5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm)手性色谱柱,乙腈和0.1%甲酸-5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液作为流动相,采用等度洗脱方式实现奥沙西泮和替马西泮手性对映体的拆分。目标对映体采用电喷雾正离子(ESI^(+))模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式下,内标法测定。目标对映体在0.5~50μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))均不低于0.9990。水产品中对映体的检出限和定量下限分别为0.2μg/kg和0.5μg/kg。在5种空白基质中添加低、中、高浓度水平的目标对映体,样品平均加标回收率为82.6%~107%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.6%~9.2%。该方法灵敏可靠、适用性强,可用于不同水产品中奥沙西泮和替马西泮对映体的分析。展开更多
文摘In proteomics study, because there were biases of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in molecular weights, pH and hydrophobicity, multi-dimensional protein identification technology (MuD-PIT)was proposed. Due to the core part of the technique being digestion of total proteins in the first step, some drawbacks appeared, such as complicating the separation of samples, dominating the influence of proteins with high abundance on the identification of proteins with low abundance and losing some information of proteins,for example, post-translational modification et al. , these resulted in the limitation of applications for the method. Taking into account of those factors mentioned above, when studying the mitochondria proteome of human fetal liver with great significance in life process, Proteome Lab PF2D system (Beckman Coulter, USA) was employed. The fractions of extract from fetal liver tissues by saccharose- density gradient centrifugation were prepared on a high velocity centrifuge. The desalting and solvent exchanging of the fractions with Start buffer (pH8. 5, Beckman Coulter, USA) were carried out on a PD-10(Sephadex G-25, 5 000Da) desalting column (amersham pharmacia biotech, Wikstroms,Sweden) according to the procedures described in its product instruction. Then the treated fractions were separated with chromatofocusing and reversed-phase liquid chromatography in tandem, respectively. After concentration and in-solution digestion of protein fractions,the peptide mixture was lyophilized, then resolved with 5% aqueous acytonitrile plus 0.1% formic acid, and finally analyzed with microLC-ESI-ion trap mass spectrometry(Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA) and CapLC-ESI-QTOF mass spectrometry (Waters, USA). Mass spectrometric data was searched against IPI protein database with Thermo SEQUEST (Thermo Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA) and Mascot. A primary database of mitochondrial proteome of human fetal liver was constructed, which could play central role in the large-scale study of the functions of human liver proteome. By using the technique on profiling mitochondrial proteome of human fetal liver, valuable experimental results were obtained and showed that combination of different orthogonal separation methods followed by capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography and on-line ESI tandem mass spectrometry could expand the dynamic range and resolution, and enabled the identification of 915 proteins from 2 977 different peptides. After deletion of redundant proteins among different batches of data, 477 proteins were identified, in which 291 proteins were unique proteins and 186 proteins were cluster proteins. 144 proteins were clearly localized in mitochondria of human fetal liver. The molecular weights of the identified proteins ranged from about 7 000Da to 330 000Da and pI values from about 4.0-11.89.These results demonstrated that liquid phase based separation could overcome some shortcomings adherent to 2DE. However, some common issues, such as protein clusters or protein groups and peptide number limited for a reliable protein identification existed in both gel based separation and liquid phase based separation, still have to be addressed in the future researches.
文摘为简化前处理过程,降低方法的检出限,进行了题示研究。采集鱼塘底泥样品,混匀、缩分、冷冻干燥、除杂、研磨、过筛后混匀,分取5.00 g,加入10.0μg·L^(-1)^(13)C_(6)-氯硝柳胺水合物标准溶液0.2 m L和含2.0%(体积分数)氨水的乙腈溶液20 m L,涡旋1 min,超声10 min,离心8 min。上清液于45℃旋蒸至近干,加入2.00 m L 70%(体积分数)乙腈溶液涡旋溶解残留物,再加入200 mg C18涡旋振荡30 s,离心5 min。收集上清液,过0.22μm有机滤膜,滤液采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定。在色谱分析中,以Waters Atiantis^(TM) d C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,水-乙腈体系为流动相进行梯度洗脱;在质谱分析中,以电喷雾离子源负离子(ESI-)模式电离,选择反应监测(SRM)模式检测,内标法定量。结果显示,氯硝柳胺的质量浓度在0.20~50.00μg·L^(-1)内和其定量离子峰面积与同位素内标定量离子峰面积的比值呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.2μg·kg^(-1)。按照标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率为92.1%~113%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.6%~5.9%。方法用于实际样品的分析,检出的氯硝柳胺的质量分数为0.580~2.18 mg·kg^(-1)。
