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加热炉热效率反平衡法测试计算方法 被引量:1
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作者 肖莉 《现代化农业》 1989年第1期26-26,共1页
炉子热效率的测试计算是能源装置研究最重要的计算之一。热效率的高低直接反映炉子性能好坏。因此准确测得炉子的热效率足十分必要的。目前一般炉子采用直接法,即正平衡法进行测试。它的定义为: 热效率η=能量传给加热物质速率/燃料给入... 炉子热效率的测试计算是能源装置研究最重要的计算之一。热效率的高低直接反映炉子性能好坏。因此准确测得炉子的热效率足十分必要的。目前一般炉子采用直接法,即正平衡法进行测试。它的定义为: 热效率η=能量传给加热物质速率/燃料给入率×燃料热值×100% 为了验证直接法测试的结果,可采用热损失法,也称反平衡法来验证。这种方法是通过测试或估算热量损失来获得结果的。它的定义是: 热效率E=100%一∑各项热损失-100%-(L_(Re)+L_(FA)+L_(SA)+L′_(FA)+L′_(SA) 展开更多
关键词 加热炉 热效率 平衡 测试计算法
全文增补中
Design and Implementation of Verification Code Identification Based on Anisotropic Heat Kernel 被引量:2
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作者 LIU Lizhao LIU Jian +3 位作者 DAI Yaomei XU Huarong YIN Huayi ZHU Shunzhi 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第1期100-112,共13页
Many websites use verification codes to prevent users from using the machine automatically to register,login,malicious vote or irrigate but it brought great burden to the enterprises involved in internet marketing as ... Many websites use verification codes to prevent users from using the machine automatically to register,login,malicious vote or irrigate but it brought great burden to the enterprises involved in internet marketing as entering the verification code manually.Improving the verification code security system needs the identification method as the corresponding testing system.We propose an anisotropic heat kernel equation group which can generate a heat source scale space during the kernel evolution based on infinite heat source axiom,design a multi-step anisotropic verification code identification algorithm which includes core procedure of building anisotropic heat kernel,settingwave energy information parameters,combing outverification codccharacters and corresponding peripheral procedure of gray scaling,binarizing,denoising,normalizing,segmenting and identifying,give out the detail criterion and parameter set.Actual test show the anisotropic heat kernel identification algorithm can be used on many kinds of verification code including text characters,mathematical,Chinese,voice,3D,programming,video,advertising,it has a higher rate of 25%and 50%than neural network and context matching algorithm separately for Yahoo site,49%and 60%for Captcha site,20%and 52%for Baidu site,60%and 65%for 3DTakers site,40%,and 51%.for MDP site. 展开更多
关键词 verification code image recognition data mining scale space anisotropic heat kernel
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