艾滋病(AIDS)自愿咨询检测(voluntary counseling and testing,VCT)是求询者通过咨询,在充分知情和完全保密的情况下,自愿选择是否接受HIV抗体检测、改变危险行为及获得相关服务的过程。VCT不仅有利于早发现、早诊断和早治疗,预防机会感...艾滋病(AIDS)自愿咨询检测(voluntary counseling and testing,VCT)是求询者通过咨询,在充分知情和完全保密的情况下,自愿选择是否接受HIV抗体检测、改变危险行为及获得相关服务的过程。VCT不仅有利于早发现、早诊断和早治疗,预防机会感染,还能为受检者(特别是感染者)提供心理支持。作为艾滋病预防和关怀项目的重要内容和切入点,VCT服务受到重视,2003年中国实行免费艾滋病咨询检测服务以来,现VCT服务点已遍布各省市,2008年的统计数据显示,全国有VCT服务点六千多个。影响VCT服务开展和利用的因素包括政策、社会和家庭支持环境、服务质量、服务可及性及服务对象的认知水平等。为推进VCT服务的开展,建议进一步完善立法和工作标准,强化服务人员的能力培养,广泛宣传相关知识,消除社会歧视,营造社会支持环境。展开更多
The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) increased from 26. 04 per 100 000 in 1987 to 104. 81 per 100 000 in 1993 in selected areas of the country. Gonorrhea is by far the most common STD but its constitue...The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) increased from 26. 04 per 100 000 in 1987 to 104. 81 per 100 000 in 1993 in selected areas of the country. Gonorrhea is by far the most common STD but its constituent ratio declined because of a rapid increase of nongonococcal uretheritis and genital warts during most recent years. The incidence of syphilis is relatively low and cases of congenital infection are noted. The wide spread of resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection gives a challenge to the therapeutical and control strategies of STDs. Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections, an important cause of urethritis. cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. is becoming common in our country. Attention has been drawn on viral hepatitis in their means of transmission by sexually behaviors, and also, on the homosexuals, assumed to be the high risk group to catch STDs. Coordinated national efforts to control STDs in China have been taken.展开更多
Previous study has raised H' pylori infection as a suspected biologic risk factor for gastric cancer. Acomparative case-control study involving precancerous lesions and gastric cancer was conducted inYanzhong coun...Previous study has raised H' pylori infection as a suspected biologic risk factor for gastric cancer. Acomparative case-control study involving precancerous lesions and gastric cancer was conducted inYanzhong county, an area with one of the highest rates of gastric cancer in China to study the relatlonshipbetween the H' pylori infection and gastric cancer. Subjects in the study were all randomly selected Partici-pants of a screening program for gastric cancer sponsored by the Cancer Institute of CAMS in cooPerationwith Yangzhong county Hospital' Totally, l25 normal controls, lO8 superficial gastritis, l l1 atrophic gas-tritis and 110 gastric cancer patients were included in our study according to endoscopy and pathology re-sult. Status of H. pylori infection was evaluated by measuring Ig G antibody in plasma with ELISA assay.Our result showed Odds ratios of H' pylori infection were higher among gastritis and cancer groups, 4. 5(95 % CI 2. 5~7. 9) for superficial gastritis, 6. 3 (95% CI 3. 4~ 12) for atrophic gastritis, 3. 3 (95 % CI1. 9~5. 9) for gastric cancer. It was found in our study that consumption of pickled vegetables and drink-ing dirty water increased the relative risk of H' pylori lnfection for both precancerous lesions and gastriccancer and that H. pylori infection had higher risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer for males and alsohigher risk of atrophic gastritis for olders. Our results strongIy support the casual role played by H. pyloriinfection in the carcinogenic process of gastric mucosa.展开更多
文摘艾滋病(AIDS)自愿咨询检测(voluntary counseling and testing,VCT)是求询者通过咨询,在充分知情和完全保密的情况下,自愿选择是否接受HIV抗体检测、改变危险行为及获得相关服务的过程。VCT不仅有利于早发现、早诊断和早治疗,预防机会感染,还能为受检者(特别是感染者)提供心理支持。作为艾滋病预防和关怀项目的重要内容和切入点,VCT服务受到重视,2003年中国实行免费艾滋病咨询检测服务以来,现VCT服务点已遍布各省市,2008年的统计数据显示,全国有VCT服务点六千多个。影响VCT服务开展和利用的因素包括政策、社会和家庭支持环境、服务质量、服务可及性及服务对象的认知水平等。为推进VCT服务的开展,建议进一步完善立法和工作标准,强化服务人员的能力培养,广泛宣传相关知识,消除社会歧视,营造社会支持环境。
文摘The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) increased from 26. 04 per 100 000 in 1987 to 104. 81 per 100 000 in 1993 in selected areas of the country. Gonorrhea is by far the most common STD but its constituent ratio declined because of a rapid increase of nongonococcal uretheritis and genital warts during most recent years. The incidence of syphilis is relatively low and cases of congenital infection are noted. The wide spread of resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection gives a challenge to the therapeutical and control strategies of STDs. Sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections, an important cause of urethritis. cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. is becoming common in our country. Attention has been drawn on viral hepatitis in their means of transmission by sexually behaviors, and also, on the homosexuals, assumed to be the high risk group to catch STDs. Coordinated national efforts to control STDs in China have been taken.
文摘Previous study has raised H' pylori infection as a suspected biologic risk factor for gastric cancer. Acomparative case-control study involving precancerous lesions and gastric cancer was conducted inYanzhong county, an area with one of the highest rates of gastric cancer in China to study the relatlonshipbetween the H' pylori infection and gastric cancer. Subjects in the study were all randomly selected Partici-pants of a screening program for gastric cancer sponsored by the Cancer Institute of CAMS in cooPerationwith Yangzhong county Hospital' Totally, l25 normal controls, lO8 superficial gastritis, l l1 atrophic gas-tritis and 110 gastric cancer patients were included in our study according to endoscopy and pathology re-sult. Status of H. pylori infection was evaluated by measuring Ig G antibody in plasma with ELISA assay.Our result showed Odds ratios of H' pylori infection were higher among gastritis and cancer groups, 4. 5(95 % CI 2. 5~7. 9) for superficial gastritis, 6. 3 (95% CI 3. 4~ 12) for atrophic gastritis, 3. 3 (95 % CI1. 9~5. 9) for gastric cancer. It was found in our study that consumption of pickled vegetables and drink-ing dirty water increased the relative risk of H' pylori lnfection for both precancerous lesions and gastriccancer and that H. pylori infection had higher risk of atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer for males and alsohigher risk of atrophic gastritis for olders. Our results strongIy support the casual role played by H. pyloriinfection in the carcinogenic process of gastric mucosa.
