The melt stirring in a large copper smelting oxygen bottom-blown furnace is caused by the large amount of gas movement blown in by two rows of oxygen lances.At present,the two rows of oxygen lances provide oxygen of e...The melt stirring in a large copper smelting oxygen bottom-blown furnace is caused by the large amount of gas movement blown in by two rows of oxygen lances.At present,the two rows of oxygen lances provide oxygen of equal strength,and the stirring in the central area of the melt is insufficient,which restricts the efficient progress of the smelting reaction.This study proposes a strong-weak coupling oxygen supply method and establishes an equivalent model based on a large bottom-blown furnace(LBBF)of an enterprise to simulate the bubble characteristics and flow characteristics of the molten pool.The results show that adjusting the flow ratio between the two rows of oxygen lances can create a“strong”and a“weak”coexisting source of disturbance in an LBBF.It is worth noting that when the flow rate ratio of the two rows of oxygen lances is 1.6,the peak velocity generated by the“strong”distur bance source in the molten pool increases by 18.92%,and the disturbance range increases.This method effectively strengthens the stirring in the central area of the molten pool,improves smelting efficiency,and does not produce harmful melt splashes.It provides important guidance for optimizing production practice.展开更多
In order to fundamentally solve the acidification problem of high sulfur-containing bauxite during storage, by simulating the environment of minerals storage in laboratory, the acidification mechanism and influencing ...In order to fundamentally solve the acidification problem of high sulfur-containing bauxite during storage, by simulating the environment of minerals storage in laboratory, the acidification mechanism and influencing factors of high sulfur-containing bauxite were studied and confirmed using the single variable method to control the atmosphere, water and other variables. The results show that the acidification is mostly caused by the oxidation of sulfur-containing bauxite, which is mainly the natural oxidation of Pyrite(Fe S2), then the alkaline minerals dissolute in the presence of water, leading to the acidification phenomenon, which is influenced by moisture and air flow. Finally, more acid-producing substances are formed, resulting in the acidification of high sulfur-containing bauxite. The acidification of high sulfur-containing bauxite results from the combined effect of the oxygen in the air and water, which can be significantly alleviated by controlling the diffusion of the oxygen in air.展开更多
Numerical simulations of gas–liquid two-phase flow and alumina transport process in an aluminum reduction cell were conducted to investigate the effects of anode configurations on the bath flow, gas volume fraction a...Numerical simulations of gas–liquid two-phase flow and alumina transport process in an aluminum reduction cell were conducted to investigate the effects of anode configurations on the bath flow, gas volume fraction and alumina content distributions. An Euler–Euler two-fluid model was employed coupled with a species transport equation for alumina content. Three different anode configurations such as anode without a slot, anode with a longitudinal slot and anode with a transversal slot were studied in the simulation. The simulation results clearly show that the slots can reduce the bath velocity and promote the releasing of the anode gas, but can not contribute to the uniformity of the alumina content. Comparisons of the effects between the longitudinal and transversal slots indicate that the longitudinal slot is better in terms of gas–liquid flow but is disadvantageous for alumina mixing and transport process due to a decrease of anode gas under the anode bottom surface. It is demonstrated from the simulations that the mixing and transfer characteristics of alumina are controlled to great extent by the anode gas forces while the electromagnetic forces(EMFs) play the second role.展开更多
基金Project(2022YFC3901501)supported by the National Key R&D Program of ChinaProject(U20A20273)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2022JJ10078)supported by the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2021RC3005)supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,China。
文摘The melt stirring in a large copper smelting oxygen bottom-blown furnace is caused by the large amount of gas movement blown in by two rows of oxygen lances.At present,the two rows of oxygen lances provide oxygen of equal strength,and the stirring in the central area of the melt is insufficient,which restricts the efficient progress of the smelting reaction.This study proposes a strong-weak coupling oxygen supply method and establishes an equivalent model based on a large bottom-blown furnace(LBBF)of an enterprise to simulate the bubble characteristics and flow characteristics of the molten pool.The results show that adjusting the flow ratio between the two rows of oxygen lances can create a“strong”and a“weak”coexisting source of disturbance in an LBBF.It is worth noting that when the flow rate ratio of the two rows of oxygen lances is 1.6,the peak velocity generated by the“strong”distur bance source in the molten pool increases by 18.92%,and the disturbance range increases.This method effectively strengthens the stirring in the central area of the molten pool,improves smelting efficiency,and does not produce harmful melt splashes.It provides important guidance for optimizing production practice.
基金Project(2013AA064102)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘In order to fundamentally solve the acidification problem of high sulfur-containing bauxite during storage, by simulating the environment of minerals storage in laboratory, the acidification mechanism and influencing factors of high sulfur-containing bauxite were studied and confirmed using the single variable method to control the atmosphere, water and other variables. The results show that the acidification is mostly caused by the oxidation of sulfur-containing bauxite, which is mainly the natural oxidation of Pyrite(Fe S2), then the alkaline minerals dissolute in the presence of water, leading to the acidification phenomenon, which is influenced by moisture and air flow. Finally, more acid-producing substances are formed, resulting in the acidification of high sulfur-containing bauxite. The acidification of high sulfur-containing bauxite results from the combined effect of the oxygen in the air and water, which can be significantly alleviated by controlling the diffusion of the oxygen in air.
基金Project(2010AA065201)supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2013zzts038)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaProject(ZB2011CBBCe1)supported by the Major Program for Aluminum Corporation of China Limited,China
文摘Numerical simulations of gas–liquid two-phase flow and alumina transport process in an aluminum reduction cell were conducted to investigate the effects of anode configurations on the bath flow, gas volume fraction and alumina content distributions. An Euler–Euler two-fluid model was employed coupled with a species transport equation for alumina content. Three different anode configurations such as anode without a slot, anode with a longitudinal slot and anode with a transversal slot were studied in the simulation. The simulation results clearly show that the slots can reduce the bath velocity and promote the releasing of the anode gas, but can not contribute to the uniformity of the alumina content. Comparisons of the effects between the longitudinal and transversal slots indicate that the longitudinal slot is better in terms of gas–liquid flow but is disadvantageous for alumina mixing and transport process due to a decrease of anode gas under the anode bottom surface. It is demonstrated from the simulations that the mixing and transfer characteristics of alumina are controlled to great extent by the anode gas forces while the electromagnetic forces(EMFs) play the second role.
